4,576
Views
1
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Are international students relatively resilient? Comparing international and domestic students’ levels of self-compassion, mental health and wellbeing

ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon & ORCID Icon
Pages 362-376 | Received 10 Apr 2022, Accepted 21 Jun 2023, Published online: 18 Jul 2023

References

  • Alharbi, E. S., & Smith, A. P. (2018). Review of the literature on stress and wellbeing of international students in English-speaking countries. International Education Studies, 11(6), 22–44. https://doi.org/10.5539/ies.v11n6p22
  • Andrade, C. (2015). Understanding relative risk, odds ratio, and related terms: As simple as it can get. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 76(7), e857–e861. https://doi.org/10.4088/JCP.15f10150
  • Barendregt, J. J., & Veerman, J. L. (2010). Categorical versus continuous risk factors and the calculation of potential impact fractions. Journal of Epidemiological Community Health, 64(3), 209–212. https://doi.org/10.1136/jech.2009.090274
  • Bibi, A., Lin, M., Zhang, X. C., & Margraf, J. (2020). Psychometric properties and measurement invariance of depression, anxiety and stress scales (DASS-21) across cultures. International Journal of Psychology, 55(6), 916–925. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijop.12671
  • Biggs, A., Brough, P., & Drummond, S. (2017). Lazarus and Folkman’s psychological stress and coping theory. In C. L. Cooper, & J. C. Quick (Eds.), The handbook of stress and health: A guide to research and practice (pp. 351–364). Wiley Blackwell. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118993811.ch21.
  • Cemalcilar, Z., & Falbo, T. (2008). A longitudinal study of the adaptation of international students in the United States. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 39(6), 799–804. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022022108323787
  • Chang, E. C., Yu, T., Najarian, S. M., Wright, K. M., Chen, W., Chang, O. D., Du, Y., & Hirsch, J. K. (2017). Understanding the association between negative life events and suicidal risk in college students: Examining self-compassion as a potential mediator. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 73(6), 745–755. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.22374
  • Chen, J. H., Li, Y., Wu, A. M. S., & Tong, K. K. (2020). The overlooked minority: Mental health of international students worldwide under the Covid-19 pandemic and beyond. Asian Journal of Psychiatry, 54, 102333. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102333
  • Cohen, J. (1992). A power primer. Psychological Bulletin, 112(1), 155–159. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.112.1.155
  • Dodd, R. H., Kadaczynski, K., Okan, O., McCaffery, K. J., & Pickles, K. (2021). Psychological wellbeing and academic experience of university students in Australia during Covid-19. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(3), 866. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18030866
  • Dundas, I., Binder, P.-E., Hansen, T. G. B., & Stige, S. H. (2017). Does a short self-compassion intervention for students increase healthy self-regulation? A randomised control trial. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 58(5), 443–450. https://doi.org/10.1111/sjop.12385
  • Gardner, T. M., Krägeloh, C. U., & Henning, M. A. (2014). Religious coping, stress, and quality of life of Muslim university students in New Zealand. Mental Health, Religion & Culture, 17(4), 327–338. https://doi.org/10.1080/13674676.2013.804044
  • Gunnell, K. E., Mosewich, A. D., McEwen, C. E., Eklund, R. C., & Crocker, P. R. E. (2017). Don’t be so hard on yourself! Changes in self-compassion during the first year of university are associated with changes in wellbeing. Personality and Individual Differences, 107, 43–48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2016.11.032
  • Hope, N., Koestner, R., & Milyavskaya, M. (2014). The role of self-compassion in goal pursuit and well-being among university freshmen. Self and Identity, 13(5), 579–593. https://doi.org/10.1080/15298868.2014.889032
  • Hu, L., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 6(1), 1–55. https://doi.org/10.1080/10705519909540118
  • King, J. A., Cabarkapa, S., Leow, F. H. P., & Ng, C. H. (2020). Addressing international student mental health during COVID-19: An imperative overdue. Australasian Psychiatry, 28(4), 469–469. https://doi.org/10.1177/1039856220926934
  • King, N., Rivera, D., Cunningham, S., Pickett, W., Harkness, K., McNevin, S. H., Milanovic, M., Byun, J., Khanna, A., Atkinson, J., Saunders, K. E. A., & Duffy, A. (2021). Mental health and academic outcomes over the first year at university in international compared to domestic Canadian students. Journal of American College Health, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1080/07448481.2021.1982950
  • Kroshus, E., Hawrilenko, M., & Browning, A. (2021). Stress, self-compassion, and well-being during the transition to college. Social Science and Medicine, 269, 113514. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.113514
  • Larcombe, W., Baik, C., & Finch, S. (2022). Exploring course experiences that predict psychological distress and mental wellbeing in Australian undergraduate and graduate coursework students. Higher Education Research & Development, 41(2), 420–435. https://doi.org/10.1080/07294360.2020.1865284
  • Larcombe, W., Finch, S., Sore, R., Murray, C. M., Kentish, S., Mulder, R. A., Lee-Stecum, P., Baik, C., Tokatlidis, O., & Williams, D. A. (2016). Prevalence and socio-demographic correlates of psychological distress among students at an Australian university. Studies in Higher Education, 41(6), 1074–1091. https://doi.org/10.1080/03075079.2014.966072
  • Larcombe, W., Ryan, T., & Baik, C. (2021). What makes PhD researchers think seriously about discontinuing? An exploration of risk factors and risk profiles. Higher Education Research & Development. Advance online publication, 41(7), 2215–2230. https://doi.org/10.1080/07294360.2021.2013169
  • Lazarus, R. S., & Folkman, S. (1984). Stress, appraisal and coping. Springer.
  • Lee, K. J., & Lee, S. M. (2020). The role of self-compassion in the academic stress model. Current Psychology, 41(5), 3195–3204. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-020-00843-9
  • Liu, C., McCabe, M., Dawson, A. Cyrzon, Shankar, S., Gerges, N., Kellett-Renzella, S., & Chye, Y. (2021). Identifying predictors of university students’ wellbeing during the Covid-19 pandemic – A data-driven approach. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18, 6730. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18136730
  • Lovibond, S. H., & Lovibond, P. F. (1995). Manual for the depression anxiety and stress scales (2nd ed.). Sydney Psychology Foundation.
  • Neff, K. D. (2003a). The development and validation of a scale to measure self-compassion. Self and Identity, 2(3), 223–250. https://doi.org/10.1080/15298860390209035
  • Neff, K. D. (2003b). Self-compassion: An alternative conceptualisation of a healthy attitude toward oneself. Self and Identity, 2(2), 85–101. https://doi.org/10.1080/15298860390129863
  • Neff, K. D. (2015). The self-compassion scale is a valid and theoretically coherent measure of self-compassion. Mindfulness, 7(1), 264–274. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-015-0479-3
  • Orygen. (2017). “Under the Radar. The Mental Health of Australian University Students.” In The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health. Orygen.
  • Poots, A., & Cassidy, T. (2020). Academic expectation, self-compassion, psychological capital, social support and student wellbeing. International Journal of Educational Research, 99, 101506. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijer.2019.101506
  • Raes, F., Pommier, E., Neff, K. D., & Van Gucht, D. (2011). Construction and factorial validation of a short form of the self-compassion scale. Clinical Psychology & Psycotherapy, 18(3), 250–255. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpp.702
  • Russell, J., Rosenthal, D., & Thomson, G. (2010). The international student experience: Three styles of adaptation. Higher Education, 60(2), 235–249. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-009-9297-7. https://www.jstor.org/stable/40784179
  • Ryff, C. D., & Keyes, C. L. M. (1995). The structure of psychological well-being revisited. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 69(4), 719–727. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.69.4.719
  • Saricaoglu, H., & Arslan, C. (2013). An investigation into psychological well-being levels of higher education students with respect to personality traits and self-compassion. Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice, 13(4), 2097–2104. https://doi.org/10.12738/estp.2013.4.1740
  • Shadowen, N. L., Williamson, A. A., Guerra, N. G., Ammigan, R., & Drexler, M. L. (2019). Prevalence and correlates of depressive symptoms among international students: Implications for university support offices. Journal of International Students, 9(1), 129–149. https://doi.org/10.32674/jis.v9i1.277
  • Sirigatti, S., Penzo, I., Iani, L., Mazzeschi, A., Hatalskaja, H., Giannetti, E., & Stefanile, C. (2012). Measurement invariance of Ryff’s pychological well-being scales across Italian and Belarusian students. Social Indicators Research, 113(1), 67–80. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-012-0082-0
  • Skromanis, S., Cooling, N., Rodgers, B., Purton, T., Fan, F., Bridgman, H., Harris, K., Presser, J., & Mond, J. (2018). Health and well-being of international university students, and comparison with domestic students, in Tasmania, Australia. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15(6), 1147–1160. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15061147
  • Terry, M. L., Leary, M. R., & Mehta, S. (2013). Self-compassion as a buffer against homesickness, depression, and dissatisfaction in the transition to college. Self and Identity, 12(3), 278–290. https://doi.org/10.1080/15298868.2012.667913
  • Tóth-Király, I., & Neff, K. D. (2020). Is self-compassion universal? Support for the measurement invariance of the self-compassion scale across populations. Assessment, 28(1), 169–185. https://doi.org/10.1177/1073191120926232
  • Zessin, U., Dickhäuser, O., & Garbade, S. (2015). The relationship between self-compassion and well-being: A meta-analysis. Applied Psychology: Health and Well-Being, 7(3), 340–364. https://doi.org/10.1111/aphw.12051