References
- Hess A. How coronavirus dramatically changed college for over 14 million students. CNBC. Available at: https://www.cnbc.com/2020/03/26/how-coronavirus-changed-college-for-over-14-million-students.html. Published March 26, 2020. Accessed September 15, 2021.
- Aucejo EM, French J, Ugalde Araya MP, Zafar B. The impact of COVID-19 on student experiences and expectations: Evidence from a survey. J Public Econ. 2020; 191:104271. doi:10.1016/j.jpubeco.2020.104271.
- Son C, Hegde S, Smith A, Wang X, Sasangohar F . Effects of COVID-19 on college Students’ Mental Health in the United States: Interview Survey Study. J Med Internet Res. 2020;22(9):e21279– 14. doi:10.2196/21279.
- Anderson G. Stay home or stay apart. Inside Higher Ed. Available at: https://www.insidehighered.com/news/2020/07/15/student-conduct-codes-and-pledges-promise-good-covid-19-habits. Published July 15, 2020. Accessed September 15, 2021.
- Elias J, Troop D, Wescott D. Here’s our list of college reopening models. The Chronicle of Higher Education. Available at: https://www.chronicle.com/article/heres-a-list-of-colleges-plans-for-reopening-in-the-fall. Published October 1, 2020. Accessed September 15, 2021.
- Hobbs TD. Schools are reopening, then quickly closing due to coronavirus outbreaks. Wall Street Journal https://www.wsj.com/articles/schools-are-reopening-then-quickly-closing-due-to-coronavirus-outbreaks-11597700886. Published August 17, 2020.
- Perets EA, Chabeda D, Gong AZ, et al. Impact of the emergency transition to remote teaching on student engagement in a non-stem undergraduate chemistry course in the time of covid-19. J Chem Educ. 2020;97(9):2439–2447. doi:10.1021/acs.jchemed.0c00879.
- Peter J. Grads face uncertain job market as coronavirus pushes companies to rescind offers. USA Today. Available at: https://www.usatoday.com/story/money/2020/04/10/college-grads-uncertain-job-market-offers-rescinded/2951273001/. Published April 10, 2020. Accessed September 15, 2021.
- Blake S. This STEM graduate has been applying for five jobs per day - and no luck yet. CNBC. Available at: https://www.cnbc.com/2020/07/10/this-stem-graduate-has-been-applying-for-five-jobs-per-dayno-luck-yet.html. Published July 10, 2020. Accessed September 15, 2021.
- Landivar LC. Disparities in STEM employment by sex, race, and hispanic origin american community survey reports. United States Census Bur. 2013;(September):25. Available at: https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/2013/acs/acs-24.pdf.
- Olson JS, McCracken FE. Is it worth the effort? The impact of incorporating synchronous lectures into an online course. Online Learn. 2014;19(2). doi:10.24059/olj.v19i2.499.
- Huckins JF, da Silva AW, Wang W, et al. Mental health and behavior of college students during the early phases of the COVID-19 pandemic: Longitudinal smartphone and ecological momentary assessment study. J Med Internet Res. 2020;22(6):e20185. doi:10.2196/20185.
- Kupferschmidt K, Wadman M. Delta variant triggers new phase in the pandemic. Science (80-). 2021;372(6549):1375–1376. doi:10.1126/science.372.6549.1375.
- Harris PA, Taylor R, Thielke R, Payne J, Gonzalez N, Conde JG. Research electronic data capture (REDCap)-A metadata-driven methodology and workflow process for providing translational research informatics support. J Biomed Inform. 2009;42(2):377–381. doi:10.1016/j.jbi.2008.08.010.
- Krueger RA, Casey MA. Focus Groups: A Practical Guide for Applied Research. 2nd ed. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications; 1994.
- Berzofsky M, Smiley-McDonald H, Moore A, Krebs C. Measuring Socioeconomic Status (SES) in the NCVS: Background, Options, and Recommendations. Bur Justice Stat US Dep Justice 2014;(0213170):65.
- Hsieh HF, Shannon SE. Three approaches to qualitative content analysis. Qual Health Res. 2005;15(9):1277–1288. doi:10.1177/1049732305276687.
- Kreidler M. Colleges and universities plan for normal-ish campus life in the fall. US News. Available at: https://www.usnews.com/news/health-news/articles/2021-03-29/colleges-and-universities-plan-for-partially-normal-campus-life-in-the-fall. Published March 21, 2021. Accessed September 15, 2021.
- Whitford E. Vaccine timing ‘Fortunate’ for admissions. Inside Higher Ed. Available at: https://www.insidehighered.com/news/2021/03/12/why-colleges-are-racing-tell-students-they’ll-be-open-person-fall. Published March 12, 2021. Accessed September 15, 2021.
- Christie A, Brooks JT, Hicks LA, Sauber-Schatz EK, Yoder JS, Honein MA, CDC COVID-19 Response Team. Guidance for implementing COVID-19 prevention strategies in the context of varying community transmission levels and vaccination coverage. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2021;70(30):1044–1047. doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm7030e2.
- Hartcollis A. Some colleges and universities are planning for a “more normal” fall semester. New York Times. Available at: https://www.nytimes.com/2021/02/26/world/universities-colleges-reopening-covid.html. Published February 27, 2021. Accessed September 15, 2021.
- Steinberg L. Expecting students to play it safe if colleges reopen is a fantasy. New York Times. Available at: https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/15/opinion/coronavirus-college-safe.html. Published June 15, 2020.
- Parties N. M. Colleges suspend students for flouting COVID-19 rules. The College Post. Available at: https://thecollegepost.com/students-violating-covid-measures/. Published July 9, 2020.
- Torrence R, Brown K, Apathetic US. Youth shrug off vaccines as delta variant spreads. Bloomberg. Available at: https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-08-03/apathetic-u-s-youth-shrug-off-vaccines-as-delta-variant-spreads. Published August 3, 2021.
- Tracking Coronavirus Cases at U.S. Colleges and Universities. Available at: https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2021/us/college-covid-tracker.html. Published May 26, 2021.
- Jacoby B. What about the other 85 percent? Inside Higher Ed. Available at: https://www.insidehighered.com/views/2020/07/23/colleges-should-be-planning-more-intentionally-students-who-commute-campuses-fall. Published June 23, 2020. Accessed September 15, 2021.
- Wiemers EE, Abrahams S, AlFakhri M, Hotz VJ, Schoeni RF, Seltzer JA. Disparities in vulnerability to complications from COVID-19 arising from disparities in preexisting conditions in the United States. Res Soc Stratif Mobil. 2020;69(January):100553. doi:10.1016/j.rssm.2020.100553.
- Health Equity Considerations & Racial & Ethnic Minority Groups. Centers for Disease Control. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/community/health-equity/race-ethnicity.html. Published April 19, 2021.
- Barry V, Dasgupta S, Weller DL, et al. Patterns in COVID-19 vaccination coverage, by social vulnerability and urbanicity - United States, December 14, 2020-May 1, 2021 MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2021;70(22):818–824. doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm7022e1.
- Brown CM, Vostok J, Johnson H, Burns M, Gharpure R, Sami S. Outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 infections, including COVID-19 vaccine breakthrough infections, associated with large public gatherings — Barnstable County, Massachusetts, July 2021. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2021;70:1059–1062.
- Liu CH, Pinder-Amaker S, Hahm H, Chris A, Chen JA. Priorities for addressing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on college student mental health. J Am Coll Health. 2020;0(0):1–3. doi:10.1080/07448481.2020.1803882.
- Hodges C, Moore S, Lockee B, Trust T, Bond A. The difference between emergency remote teaching and online learning. Educ Rev. 2020;1–15. Available at: https://er.educause.edu/articles/2020/3/the-difference-between-emergency-remote-teaching-and-online-learning
- Mcmurtrie B. The coronavirus has pushed courses online. Professors are trying hard to keep up. The Chronicle. Available at: https://www.chronicle.com/article/the-coronavirus-has-pushed-courses-online-professors-are-trying-hard-to-keep-up/. Published March 20, 2020. Accessed September 15, 2021.
- Xu R, Yu P, Abramson MJ, et al. Wildfires, global climate change, and human health. N Engl J Med. 2020;383(22):2173–2181. doi:10.1056/nejmsr2028985.
- Sheehan MC, Fox MA. Early warnings: the lessons of COVID-19 for public health climate preparedness. Int J Health Serv. 2020;50(3):264–270. doi:10.1177/0020731420928971.
- Curseu D, Popa M, Sirbu D, Stoian I. Potential impact of climate change on pandemic influenza risk. In: Dincer I, Hepbasli A, Midilli A, Karakoc TH, eds. Green Energy and Technology. Vol. 31. Green Energy and Technology. Boston, MA: Springer US; 2009:643–657. doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-1017-2_45.
- Mitroff II, Diamond MA, Alpaslan MC. How prepared are America’s colleges and universities for major crises? Chang Mag High Learn. 2006;38(1):61–67. doi:10.3200/CHNG.38.1.61-67.
- Kapucu N, Khosa S. Disaster resiliency and culture of preparedness for university and college campuses. Adm Soc. 2013;45(1):3–37. doi:10.1177/0095399712471626.
- Vogels E, Perrin A, Raine L, Anderson M. 53% of Americans say the internet has been essential during the COVID-19 outbreak. Pew Research Center. Available at: https://www.pewresearch.org/internet/2020/04/30/53-of-americans-say-the-internet-has-been-essential-during-the-covid-19-outbreak/. Published April 30, 2020. Accessed September 15, 2021.
- Redden E. Community college enrollments drop this fall. Inside Higher Ed. Available at: https://www.insidehighered.com/news/2020/09/24/undergraduate-enrollment-falls-25-percent-community-college-enrollment-75-percent. Published September 24, 2020.
- Long H, Douglas-Grabriel D. The latest crisis: Low-income students are dropping out of college this fall in alarming numbers. Washington Post. Available at: https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2020/09/16/college-enrollment-down/. Published September 16, 2020. Accessed September 15, 2021.
- Wang X, Hegde S, Son C, Keller B, Smith A, Sasangohar F. Investigating mental health of US college students during the COVID-19 pandemic: Cross-sectional survey study. J Med Internet Res. 2020;22(9):e22817 doi:10.2196/22817.
- Soria KM, Horgos B, Chirikov I, Jones-White D. First-generation students’ experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic. Available at: https://conservancy.umn.edu/handle/11299/214934. Published online 2020.
- Salerno JP, Williams ND, Gattamorta KA. LGBTQ populations: psychologically vulnerable communities in the COVID-19 pandemic. Psychol Trauma 2020;12(S1):S239–S242. doi:10.1037/tra0000837.
- Price A, Myers, L. United States: federal, state, and local government responses to COVID-19. The Law Library of Congress, Global Legal Research Directorate, 2020. Available at: https://www.loc.gov/item/2020725113
- McGill N. Education attainment linked to health throughout lifespan: Exploring social determinants of health. Nation’s Health 2016;46(6):1. http://www.thenationshealth.org/content/46/6/1.3.abstract
- Rollston R, Galea S. COVID-19 and the social determinants of health. Am J Health Promot. 2020;34(6):687–689. doi:10.1177/0890117120930536b.