Don't derogate this message! Self-affirmation promotes online type 2 diabetes risk test taking

References

• Aiken , LS and West , SG . 1991 . Multiple regression: Testing and interpreting interactions , London : Sage Publications .
   Google Scholar
• Allport , GW , Vernon , PE and Lindzey , G . 1960 . Study of values , 3rd , Boston : Houghton Mifflin .
   Google Scholar
• Aronson , E . 1969 . “ The theory of cognitive dissonance: A current perspective ” . In Advances in experimental social psychology , Edited by: Berkowitz , L . Vol. 4 , 1 – 34 . New York : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Baron , RM and Kenny , DA . 1986 . The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 51 : 1173 – 1182 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Borch-Johnsen , K , Lauritzen , T , Glümer , C and Sandbæk , A . 2003 . Screening for type 2 diabetes–should it be now? . Diabetic Medicine , 20 : 175 – 181 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Briñol , P , Petty , RE , Gallardo , I and DeMarree , KG . 2007 . The effect of self-affirmation in nonthreatening persuasion domains: Timing affects the process . Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , 33 : 1533 – 1546 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen , GL , Aronson , J and Steele , CM . 2000 . When beliefs yield to evidence: Reducing biased evaluation by affirming the self . Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , 26 : 1151 – 1164 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Devos-Comby , L and Salovey , P . 2002 . Applying persuasion strategies to alter HIV-relevant thoughts and behavior . Review of General Psychology , 6 : 287 – 304 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Diabetes Fonds . 2006 . Wat iedereen moet weten over diabetes , Amersfoort : Author .
   Google Scholar
• Diabetes UK . 2007 . Measure up: Are you at risk of diabetes? , London : Author .
   Google Scholar
• Ditto , PH and Lopez , DF . 1992 . Motivated skepticism: Use of differential decision criteria for preferred and nonpreferred conclusions . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 63 : 568 – 584 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eaker , S , Adami , H-O and Sparen , P . 2001 . Reasons women do not attend screening for cervical cancer: A population-based study in Sweden . Preventive Medicine , 32 : 482 – 491 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Epton , T and Harris , PR . Self-affirmation promotes health behavior change . Health Psychology , (in press)
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fako , TT . 2006 . Social and psychological factors associated with willingness to test for HIV infection among young people in Botswana . AIDS Care , 18 : 201 – 207 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fein , S and Spencer , SJ . 1997 . Prejudice as self-image maintenance: Affirming the self through derogating others . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 73 : 31 – 44 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harris , PR , Mayle , K , Mabbott , L and Napper , L . 2007 . Self-affirmation reduces smokers' defensiveness to graphic on-pack cigarette warning labels . Health Psychology , 26 : 437 – 446 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harris , PR and Napper , L . 2005 . Self-affirmation and the biased processing of threatening health-risk information . Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , 31 : 1250 – 1263 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• International Diabetes Federation . 2006 . Diabetes atlas , 3rd , Brussels : International Diabetes Federation .
   Google Scholar
• Jemmott , JB III , Ditto , PH and Croyle , RT . 1986 . Judging health status: Effects of perceived prevalence and personal relevance . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 50 : 899 – 905 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koole , SL , Smeets , K , van Knippenberg , A and Dijksterhuis , A . 1999 . The cessation of rumination through self-affirmation . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 77 : 111 – 125 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kunda , Z . 1987 . Motivated inference: Self-serving generation and evaluation of causal theories . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 53 : 636 – 647 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leventhal , H . 1970 . “ Findings and theory in the study of fear communication ” . In Advances in experimental social psychology , Edited by: Berkowitz , L . Vol. 5 , 119 – 186 . San Diego, CA : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Liberman , A and Chaiken , S . 1992 . Defensive processing of personally relevant health messages . Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , 18 : 669 – 679 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raghunathan , R and Trope , Y . 2002 . Walking the tightrope between feeling good and being accurate: Mood as a resource in processing persuasive messages . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 83 : 510 – 525 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reed , MB and Aspinwall , LG . 1998 . Self-affirmation reduces biased processing of health-risk information . Motivation and Emotion , 22 : 99 – 132 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rothman , AJ and Salovey , P . 1997 . Shaping perceptions to motivate healthy behavior: The role of message framing . Psychological Bulletin , 121 : 3 – 19 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schmeichel , BJ and Martens , A . 2005 . Self-affirmation and mortality salience: Affirming values reduces worldview defense and death-thought accessibility . Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , 31 : 658 – 667 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schwarzer , R . 2001 . Social-cognitive factors in changing health-related behaviors . Current Directions in Psychological Science , 10 : 47 – 51 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sherman , DK and Cohen , GL . 2006 . “ The psychology of self-defense: Self-affirmation theory ” . In Advances in Experimental Social Psychology , Edited by: Zanna , MP . Vol. 38 , 183 – 242 . San Diego, CA : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Sherman , DK , Nelson , LD and Steele , CM . 2000 . Do messages about health risks threaten the self? Increasing the acceptance of threatening health messages via self-affirmation . Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , 26 : 1046 – 1058 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steele , CM . 1988 . “ The psychology of self-affirmation: Sustaining the integrity of the self ” . In Advances in experimental social psychology , Edited by: Berkowitz , L . Vol. 21 , 261 – 302 . New York : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Stroebe , W . 2000 . Social psychology and health , 2nd , Buckingham : Open University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Taylor , SE and Brown , JD . 1988 . Illusion and well-being: A social psychological perspective on mental health . Psychological Bulletin , 103 : 193 – 210 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tesser , A . 2000 . On the confluence of self-esteem maintenance mechanisms . Personality and Social Psychology Review , 4 : 290 – 299 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tesser , A and Cornell , DP . 1991 . On the confluence of self-processes . Journal of Experimental Social Psychology , 27 : 501 – 526 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tiedens , LZ and Linton , S . 2001 . Judgment under emotional certainty and uncertainty: The effects of specific emotions on information processing . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 81 : 973 – 988 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wareham , NJ and Griffin , SJ . 2001 . Should we screen for type 2 diabetes? Evaluation against national screening committee criteria . British Medical Journal , 322 : 986 – 988 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weitzman , ER , Zapka , J , Estabrook , B and Goins , KV . 2001 . Risk and reluctance: Understanding impediments to colorectal cancer screening . Preventive Medicine , 32 : 502 – 513 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Welkenhuysen , M , Evers-Kiebooms , G and van den Berghe , H . 1997 . Attitudes toward a predictive test for Alzheimer's disease in a student population . Psychiatric Genetics , 7 : 121 – 126 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Witte , K . 1992 . Putting the fear back into fear appeals: The extended parallel process model . Communication Monographs , 59 : 329 – 349 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar