Emotional eating: Eating when emotional or emotional about eating?

References

• Aarts , H and Dijksterhuis , A . 2000 . Habits as knowledge structures: Automaticity in goal-directed behavior . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 78 : 53 – 63 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Adriaanse , MA , de Ridder , DTD and de Wit , JBF . 2009 . Finding the critical cue: Implementation intentions to change one's diet work best when tailored to personally relevant reasons for unhealthy eating . Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , 35 : 60 – 71 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arnow , B , Kenardy , J and Agras , WS . 1995 . The emotional eating scale: The development of a measure to assess coping with negative affect by eating . International Journal of Eating Disorders , 18 : 79 – 90 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barrett , LF . 1997 . The relationships among momentary emotion experiences, personality descriptions, and retrospective ratings of emotion . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 23 : 1100 – 1110 .
   Google Scholar
• Bekker , MHJ , van de Meerendonk , C and Mollerus , J . 2004 . Effects of negative mood induction and impulsivity on self-perceived emotional eating . International Journal of Eating Disorders , 36 : 461 – 469 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bruch , H . 1964 . Psychological aspects in overeating and obesity . Psychosomatics , 5 : 269 – 274 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brug , J , de Vet , E , de Nooijer , J and Verplanken , B . 2006 . Predicting fruit consumption: Cognitions, intention, and habits . Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior , 38 : 73 – 81 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Conner , M , Fitter , M and Fletcher , W . 1999 . Stress and snacking: A diary study of daily hassles and between-meal snacking . Psychology and Health , 14 : 51 – 63 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Graaf , C . 2006 . Effect of snack on energy intake: An evolutionary perspective . Appetite , 47 : 18 – 23 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Evers , C , de Ridder , DTD and Adriaanse , MA . in press . Assessing yourself as an emotional eater: Mission impossible? . Health Psychology ,
   Google Scholar
• Faith , MS , Fontaine , KR , Baskin , ML and Allison , DB . 2007 . Toward the reduction of population obesity: Macrolevel environmental approaches to the problems of food, eating, and obesity . Psychological Bulletin , 133 : 205 – 226 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fuhrmann , A and Kuhl , J . 1998 . Maintaining a healthy diet: Effects of personality and self-reward versus self-punishment on commitment to and enactment of self-chosen and assigned goals . Psychology and Health , 13 : 651 – 686 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Greeno , CG and Wing , RR . 1994 . Stress-induced eating . Psychological Bulletin , 115 : 444 – 464 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Honkanen , P , Olsen , SO and Verplanken , B . 2005 . Intention to consume seafood – The importance of habit . Appetite , 45 : 161 – 168 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuhl , J . 1994 . “ Action versus state orientation: Psychometric properties of the action control scale (ACS-90) ” . In Volition and personality: Action versus state orientation , Edited by: Kuhl , J and Beckman , J . 47 – 59 . Seattle, WA : Hogrefe & Huber .
   Google Scholar
• Lluch , A , Herbeth , B , Méjean , L and Siest , G . 2000 . Dietary intakes, eating style and overweight in the Stanislas Family Study . International Journal of Obesity , 24 : 1493 – 1499 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Macht , M , Haupt , C and Ellgring , H . 2005 . The perceived function of eating is changed during examination stress: A field study . Eating Behaviors , 6 : 109 – 112 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Masheb , RM and Grilo , CM . 2006 . Emotional overeating and its associations with eating disorder psychopathology among overweight patients with binge eating disorder . International Journal of Eating Disorders , 39 : 141 – 146 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Newman , E , O’Connor , DB and Conner , M . 2007 . Daily hassles and eating behaviour: The role of cortisol reactivity status . Psychoneuroendocrinology , 32 : 125 – 132 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nordgren , LF , van der Pligt , J and van Harreveld , F . 2007 . Evaluating Eve: Visceral states influence the evaluation of impulsive behaviour . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 93 : 75 – 84 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O'Connor , DB and O’Connor , RC . 2004 . Perceived changes in food intake in response to stress: The role of conscientiousness . Stress and Health , 20 : 279 – 291 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O’Connor , DB , Jones , F , Conner , M , McMillan , B and Ferguson , E . 2008 . Effects of daily hassles and eating style on eating behavior . Health Psychology , 27 : 20 – 31 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oliver , G , Wardle , J and Gibson , EL . 2000 . Stress and food choice: A laboratory study . Psychosomatic Medicine , 62 : 853 – 865 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Palfai , TB . 2002 . Action-state orientation and the self-regulation of eating behavior . Eating Behaviors , 3 : 249 – 259 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Pelletier , LG , Dion , SC , Slovinec-D'Angelo , M and Reid , R . 2004 . Why do you regulate what you eat? Relationships between forms of regulation, eating behaviors, sustained dietary behavior change, and psychological adjustment . Motivation & Emotion , 28 : 245 – 277 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Polivy , J . 1998 . The effect of behavioral inhibition: Integrating internal cues, cognition, behavior and affect . Psychological Inquiry , 9 : 181 – 204 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ready , RE , Weinberger , MI and Jones , KM . 2007 . How happy have you felt lately? Two diary studies of emotion recall in older and younger adults . Cognition and Emotion , 21 : 728 – 757 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rozin , P . 2005 . The meaning of food in our lives: A cross-cultural perspective on eating and well-being . Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior , 37 : S107 – S112 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rozin , P , Bauer , R and Catanese , D . 2003 . Food and life, pleasure and worry, among American college students: Gender differences and regional similarities . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 85 : 132 – 141 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rozin , P , Fischler , C , Imada , S , Sarubin , A and Wrzesniewski , A . 1999 . Attitudes to food and the role of food in life in the U.S.A., Japan, Flemish, Belgium and France: Possible implications for the diet-health debate . Appetite , 33 : 163 – 180 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rozin , P , Kabnick , K , Pete , E , Fischler , C and Shields , C . 2003 . The ecology of eating: Smaller portion sizes in France than the United States help explain the French paradox . Psychological Science , 14 : 450 – 545 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Snoek , HM , van Strien , T , Janssens , JMAM and Engels , RCME . 2007 . Emotional, external, restrained eating and overweight in Dutch adolescents . Scandinavian Journal of Psychology , 48 : 23 – 33 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spoor , STP , Bekker , MHJ , van Strien , T and van Heck , GL . 2007 . Relations between negative affect, coping, and emotional eating . Appetite , 48 : 368 – 376 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van den Bos , R and de Ridder , DTD . 2006 . Evolved to satisfy our immediate needs: Self-control and the rewarding properties of food . Appetite , 47 : 24 – 29 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Strien , T . 2005 . Handleiding Nederlandse Vragenlijst voor Eetgedrag [Manual Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire] , Amsterdam : Boom Test Publishers .
   Google Scholar
• van Strien , T and Ouwens , MA . 2007 . Effects of distress, alexithymia and impulsivity on eating . Eating Behaviors , 8 : 251 – 257 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• van Strien , T , Schippers , GM and Cox , WM . 1995 . On the relationship between emotional and external eating behavior . Addictive Behaviors , 20 : 585 – 594 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Strien , T , van de Laar , FA , van Leeuwe , JFJ , Lucassen , PLBJ , van den Hoogen , HJM Rutten , GEHM . 2007 . The dieting dilemma in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes: Does dietary restraint predict weight gain 4 years after diagnosis? . Health Psychology , 26 : 105 – 112 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Verplanken , B . 2006 . Beyond frequency: Habit as mental construct . British Journal of Social Psychology , 45 : 639
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Verplanken , B , Herabadi , AG , Perry , JA and Silvera , DH . 2005 . Consumer style and health: The role of impulsive buying in unhealthy eating . Psychology and Health , 20 : 429 – 441 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Verplanken , B and Orbell , S . 2003 . Reflections on past behavior: A self-report index of habit strength . Journal of Applied Social Psychology , 33 : 1313 – 1330 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wadden , TA , Brownell , KD and Foster , GD . 2002 . Obesity: Responding to the global epidemic . Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology , 70 : 510 – 525 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wardle , J , Marsland , L , Sheikh , Y , Quinn , M , Fedoroff , I and Ogden , J . 1992 . Eating style and eating behaviour in adolescents . Appetite , 18 : 167 – 183 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Watson , D , Clark , LA and Tellegen , A . 1988 . Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS scales . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 54 : 1063 – 1070 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• World Health Organization. (2005). The World Health Organization warns of the rising threat of heart disease and stroke as overweight and obesity rapidly increase. Retrieved September 7, 2007, from www.who.int/mediacentre/news/releases/2005/pr44/en/index.html
   Google Scholar
• Zizza , C , Siega-Riz , AM and Popkin , BM . 2001 . Significant increase in young adults’ snacking between 1977–1978 and 1994–1996 represents a cause for concern! . Preventive Medicine , 32 : 303 – 310 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar