References
- Ahluwalia , R and Burnkrant , RE . 2004 . Answering questions about questions: A persuasion knowledge perspective for understanding the effects of rhetorical questions . Journal of Consumer Research , 31 : 26 – 42 .
- Ajzen , I . 1991 . The theory of planned behavior . Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes , 50 : 179 – 211 .
- Bélanger-Gravel , A , Godin , G , Vézina-Im , LA , Amireault , S and Poirier , P . 2011 . The effects of theory-based interventions on physical activity among overweight/obese individuals: A systematic review . Obesity Reviews , 12 : 430 – 439 .
- Brehm , JW . 1966 . A theory of psychological reactance , New York , NY : Academic Press .
- Chandon , P , Morwitz , VG and Reinartz , WJ . 2004 . The short- and long-term effects of measuring intent to repurchase . Journal of Consumer Research , 31 : 566 – 572 .
- Chandon , P , Morwitz , VG and Reinartz , WJ . 2005 . Do intentions really predict behavior? Self-generated validity effects in survey research . Journal of Marketing , 69 ( April ) : 1 – 14 .
- Chandon , P , Smith , RJ , Morwitz , VG , Spangenberg , ER and Sprott , DE . 2011 . When does the past repeat itself? The interplay of behavior prediction and personal norms . Journal of Consumer Research , 38 : 420 – 430 .
- Cioffi , D and Garner , R . 1998 . The effect of response options on decisions and subsequent behavior: Sometimes inaction is better . Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , 24 : 463 – 472 .
- Cohen , J . 1992 . A power primer . Psychological Bulletin , 112 : 155 – 159 .
- Conner , M , Godin , G , Norman , P and Sheeran , P . 2011 . Using the question-behavior effect to promote disease prevention behaviors: Two randomized controlled trials . Health Psychology , 30 : 300 – 309 .
- Dholakia , UM . 2010 . A critical review of question–behavior effect research . Review of Marketing Research , 7 : 145 – 197 .
- Dholakia , UM and Morwitz , VG . 2002 . The scope and persistence of mere-measurement effects: Evidence from a field study of customer satisfaction measurement . Journal of Consumer Research , 29 : 159 – 167 .
- Ferretti , TR , Kutas , M and McRae , K . 2007 . Verb aspect and the activation of event knowledge . Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition , 33 : 182 – 196 .
- Festinger , L . 1957 . A theory of cognitive dissonance , Evanston , IL : Row & Peterson .
- Fitzsimons , GJ and Moore , SG . 2008 . Should we ask our children about sex, drugs and rock & roll? Potentially harmful effects of asking questions about risky behaviors . Journal of Consumer Psychology , 18 : 82 – 95 .
- Fitzsimons , GJ and Williams , P . 2000 . Asking questions can change choice behavior: Does it do so automatically or effortfully? Journal of Experimental Psychology . Applied , 6 : 195 – 206 .
- Gionet , NJ and Godin , G . 1989 . Self-reported exercise behavior of employees: A validity study . Journal of Occupational Medicine , 31 : 969 – 973 .
- Godin , G , Bélanger-Gravel , A , Amireault , S , Vohl , MC and Pérusse , L . 2011 . The effect of mere-measurement of cognitions on physical activity behavior: A randomized controlled trial among overweight and obese individuals . International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity , 8:2
- Godin , G , Conner , M and Sheeran , P . 2005 . Bridging the intention–behaviour ‘gap’: The role of moral norm . British Journal of Social Psychology , 44 : 497 – 512 .
- Godin , G , Jobin , J and Bouillon , J . 1986 . Assessment of leisure time exercise behavior by self-report: A concurrent validity study . Canadian Journal of Public Health , 77 : 359 – 362 .
- Godin , G , Sheeran , P , Conner , M , Delage , G , Germain , M , Bélanger-Gravel , A and Naccache , H . 2010 . Which survey questions change behavior? Randomized controlled trial of mere measurement interventions . Health Psychology , 29 : 636 – 644 .
- Godin , G , Sheeran , P , Conner , M and Germain , M . 2008 . Asking questions changes behavior: Mere measurement effects on frequency of blood donation . Health Psychology , 27 : 179 – 184 .
- Godin , G and Shephard , RJ . 1985 . Godin leisure time exercise questionnaire . Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise , 29 : S36 – S38 .
- Greenwald , AG , Carnot , CG , Beach , R and Young , B . 1987 . Increasing voting behavior by asking people if they expect to vote . Journal of Applied Psychology , 72 : 315 – 318 .
- Hardy , J . 2006 . Speaking clearly: A critical review of the self-talk literature . Psychology of Sport and Exercise , 7 : 81 – 97 .
- Hart , W and Albarracin , D . 2009 . What I was doing versus what I did: Verb aspect influences memory and future actions . Psychological Science , 20 : 238 – 244 .
- Hatzigeorgiadis , A , Zourbanos , N , Galanis , E and Theodorakis , Y . 2011 . Self-talk and sports performance: A meta-analysis . Perspectives on Psychological Science , 6 : 348 – 356 .
- Jacobs , DR Jr , Ainsworth , BE , Hartman , TJ and Leon , AS . 1993 . A simultaneous evaluation of 10 commonly used physical activity questionnaires . Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise , 25 : 81 – 91 .
- Johnson , BT , Scott-Sheldon , LA and Carey , MP . 2010 . Meta-synthesis of health behavior change meta-analyses . American Journal of Public Health , 100 : 2193 – 2198 .
- Madden , CJ and Therriault , DJ . 2009 . Verb aspect and perceptual simulations . Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology , 62 : 1294 – 1302 .
- Madden , CJ and Zwaan , RA . 2003 . How does verb aspect constrain event representations? . Memory & Cognition , 31 : 663 – 672 .
- Michie , S , Ashford , S , Sniehotta , FF , Dombrowski , SU , Bishop , A and French , DP . 2011 . A refined taxonomy of behaviour change techniques to help people change their physical activity and healthy eating behaviours: The CALO-RE taxonomy . Psychology and Health , 26 : 1479 – 1498 .
- Moore , SG and Fitzsimons , GJ . 2008 . While parents might not want to, researchers really should ask questions about risky behaviors . Journal of Consumer Psychology , 18 : 111 – 115 .
- Morwitz , VG and Fitzsimons , GJ . 2004 . The mere-measurement effect: Why does measuring intentions change actual behavior? . Journal of Consumer Psychology , 14 : 64 – 74 .
- Morwitz , VG , Johnson , E and Schmittlei , D . 1993 . Does measuring intent change behavior? . Journal of Consumer Research , 20 : 46 – 61 .
- Motl , RW , McAuley , E and DiStefano , C . 2005 . Is social desirability associated with self-reported physical activity? . Preventive Medicine , 40 : 735 – 739 .
- Ryan , RM and Deci , EL . 2000 . Intrinsic and extrinsic motivations: Classic definitions and new directions . Contemporary Educational Psychology , 25 : 54 – 67 .
- Sandberg , T and Conner , M . 2009 . A mere measurement effect for anticipated regret: Impacts on cervical screening attendance . British Journal of Social Psychology , 48 : 221 – 236 .
- Schwartz , SH . 1977 . “ Normative influences on altruism ” . In Advances in experimental social psychology , Edited by: Berkowitz , L . 221 – 279 . New York , NY : Academic Press .
- Senay , I , Albarracin , D and Noguchi , K . 2010 . Motivating goal-directed behavior through introspective self-talk: The role of the interrogative form of simple future tense . Psychological Science , 21 : 499 – 504 .
- Sherman , SJ . 1980 . On the self-erasing nature of errors of prediction . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 39 : 211 – 221 .
- Spangenberg , ER and Greenwald , AG . 1999 . Social influence by requesting self-prophecy . Journal of Consumer Psychology , 8 : 61 – 89 .
- Sprott , DE , Smith , RJ , Spangenberg , ER and Freson , TS . 2004 . Specificity and prediction requests: Evidence for the differential effects of self-prophecy on commitment to a health assessment . Journal of Applied Social Psychology , 34 : 1176 – 1190 .
- Sprott , DE , Spangenberg , ER , Block , LG , Fitzsimons , GJ , Morwitz , VG and Williams , P . 2006 . The question-behavior effect: What we know and where we go from here . Social Influence , 1 : 128 – 137 .
- Sprott , DE , Spangenberg , ER and Fisher , R . 2003 . The importance of normative beliefs to the self-prophecy effect . Journal of Applied Psychology , 88 : 423 – 431 .
- Sterne , JA , White , IR , Carlin , JB , Spratt , M , Royston , P , Kenward , MG Carpenter , JR . 2009 . Multiple imputation for missing data in epidemiological and clinical research: Potential and pitfalls . British Medical Journal , 338 : 157 – 160 .
- Tod , D , Hardy , J and Oliver , E . 2011 . Effects of self-talk: A systematic review . Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology , 33 : 666 – 687 .
- Triandis , HC . 1980 . “ Values, attitudes and interpersonal behavior ” . In Nebraska symposium on motivation, beliefs, attitudes and values , Edited by: Page , MM . Vol. 1 , 195 – 259 . Lincoln : University of Nebraska Press .
- Webb , TL and Sheeran , P . 2006 . Does changing behavioral intentions engender behavior change? A meta-analysis of the experimental evidence . Psychological Bulletin , 132 : 249 – 268 .
- Williams , P , Block , LG and Fitzsimons , GJ . 2006 . Simply asking questions about health behaviors increases both healthy and unhealthy behaviors . Social Influence , 1 : 117 – 127 .