Clinical profile and outcome of children with anaplastic large cell lymphoma treated with short-course chemotherapy – ten years experience from a tertiary care center in a LMIC

References

• Thacker N, Bakhshi S, Chinnaswamy G, et al. Management of non-Hodgkin lymphoma: ICMR consensus document. Indian J Pediatr. 2017;84(5):382–392. doi:10.1007/s12098-017-2318-0.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sandlund JT, Downing JR, Crist WM. Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma in childhood. N Engl J Med. 1996;334(19):1238–1248. doi:10.1056/NEJM199605093341906.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Swerdlow SH, Campo E, Pileri SA, et al. The 2016 revision of the World Health Organization classification of lymphoid neoplasms. Blood. 2016;127(20):2375–2390. doi:10.1182/BLOOD-2016-01-643569.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Manipadam MT, Nair S, Viswabandya A, Mathew L, Srivastava A, Chandy M. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma in childhood and adolescence: Frequency and distribution of immunomorphological types from a tertiary care center in South India. World J Pediatr. 2011;7(4):318–325. doi:10.1007/s12519-011-0303-7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Srinivas V, Soman CS, Naresh KN. Study of the distribution of 289 non-Hodgkin lymphomas using the WHO classification among children and adolescents in India. Med Pediatr Oncol. 2002;39(1):40–43. doi:10.1002/mpo.1365.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wright D, McKeever P, Carter R. Childhood non-Hodgkin lymphomas in the United Kingdom: Findings from the UK Children’s Cancer Study Group. J Clin Pathol. 1997;50(2):128–134. doi:10.1136/jcp.50.2.128.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mason DY, Bastard C, Rimokh R, et al. CD30-positive large cell lymphomas (‘Ki-1 lymphoma’) are associated with a chromosomal translocation involving 5q35. Br J Haematol. 1990;74(2):161–168. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2141.1990.tb02560.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lowe EJ, Gross TG. Anaplastic large cell lymphoma in children and adolescents. Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 2013;30(6):509–519. doi:10.3109/08880018.2013.805347.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Le Deley MC, Reiter A, Williams D, et al. Prognostic factors in childhood anaplastic large cell lymphoma: results of a large European intergroup study. Blood. 2008;111(3):1560–1566. doi:10.1182/blood-2007-07-100958.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alexander S, Kraveka JM, Weitzman S, et al. Advanced stage anaplastic large cell lymphoma in children and adolescents: results of ANHL0131, a randomized phase III trial of APO versus a modified regimen with vinblastine: a report from the children’s oncology group. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2014;61(12):2236–2242. doi:10.1002/PBC.25187.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mussolin L, Le Deley MC, Carraro E, et al. Prognostic factors in childhood anaplastic large cell lymphoma: Long term results of the international ALCL99 trial. Cancers (Basel). 2020;12(10):2747. doi:10.3390/cancers12102747.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Patel A, Pushpam D, Sharma MC, Thulkar S, Bakhshi S. Predictors of outcome in pediatric anaplastic large cell lymphoma. Indian Pediatr. 2020;57(6):523–526. doi:10.1007/s13312-020-1849-z.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ceppi F, Ortiz R, Antillón F, et al. Anaplastic large cell lymphoma in Central America: A report from the Central American Association of Pediatric Hematology Oncology (AHOPCA). Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2016;63(1):78–82. doi:10.1002/PBC.25698.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Resham S, Khan R, Ashraf S, Rizvi A, Altaf S. Clinical features and treatment outcomes of children with anaplastic large cell lymphoma in Pakistan: A multicenter study. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 2019;41(4):298–302. doi:10.1097/MPH.0000000000001451.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murphy SB. Classification, staging and end results of treatment of childhood non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas: dissimilarities from lymphomas in adults. Semin Oncol. 1980;7(3):332–339.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lowe EJ, Sposto R, Perkins SL, et al. Intensive chemotherapy for systemic anaplastic large cell lymphoma in children and adolescents: final results of Children’s Cancer Group Study 5941. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2009;52(3):335–339. doi:10.1002/PBC.21817.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seidemann K, Tiemann M, Schrappe M, et al. Short-pulse B-non-Hodgkin lymphoma-type chemotherapy is efficacious treatment for pediatric anaplastic large cell lymphoma: a report of the Berlin-Frankfurt-Münster Group Trial NHL-BFM 90. Blood. 2001;97(12):3699–3706. doi:10.1182/BLOOD.V97.12.3699.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pillon M, Gregucci F, Lombardi A, et al. Results of AIEOP LNH-97 protocol for the treatment of anaplastic large cell lymphoma of childhood. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2012;59(5):828–833. doi:10.1002/PBC.24125.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosolen A, Pillon M, Garaventa A, et al. Anaplastic large cell lymphoma treated with a leukemia-like therapy: report of the Italian Association of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology (AIEOP) LNH-92 protocol. Cancer. 2005;104(10):2133–2140. doi:10.1002/CNCR.21438.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lakshmaiah KC, Guruprasad B, Shah A, et al. Anaplastic large cell lymphoma: a single institution experience from India. J Cancer Res Ther. 2013;9(4):649–652. doi:10.4103/0973-1482.126468.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knörr F, Brugières L, Pillon M, et al. Stem cell transplantation and Vinblastine monotherapy for relapsed pediatric anaplastic large cell lymphoma: Results of the international prospective ALCL-Relapse trial. J Clin Oncol. 2020;38(34):3999–4009. doi:10.1200/JCO.20.00157.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brugières L, Le Deley MC, Rosolen A, et al. Impact of the methotrexate administration dose on the need for intrathecal treatment in children and adolescents with anaplastic large-cell lymphoma: results of a randomized trial of the EICNHL Group. J Clin Oncol. 2009;27(6):897–903. doi:10.1200/JCO.2008.18.1487.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reiss SN, Buie LW, Adel N, Goldman DA, Devlin SM, Douer D. Hypoalbuminemia Is Significantly Associated with Increased Clearance Time of High Dose Methotrexate in Patients Being Treated for Lymphoma or Leukemia. Ann Hematol. 2016;95(12):2009–2015. doi:10.1007/S00277-016-2795-7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kerala Population 2022 | Sex Ratio & Literacy rate 2023. Accessed February 26, 2023. https://www.census2011.co.in/census/state/kerala.html.
   Google Scholar
• Lowe EJ, Reilly AF, Lim MS, et al. Brentuximab vedotin in combination with chemotherapy for pediatric patients with ALK + ALCL: results of COG trial ANHL12P1. Blood. 2021;137(26):3595–3603. doi:10.1182/BLOOD.2020009806.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lowe EJ, Reilly AF, Lim MS, et al. Crizotinib in Combination With Chemotherapy for Pediatric Patients With ALK + Anaplastic Large-Cell Lymphoma: The Results of Children’s Oncology Group Trial ANHL12P1. J Clin Oncol. 2023;41(11):2043–2053. doi:10.1200/JCO.22.00272.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar