Determinants of job satisfaction for salaried and self-employed professionals in Finland

REFERENCES

• Agho, A.O., Mueller, C.W., and Price, J.L. (1993), ‘Determinants of Employee Job Satisfaction: An Empirical Test of a Causal Model,’ Human Relations, 46, 1007–1020
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ajayi-Obe, O., and Parker, S.C. (2005), ‘The Changing Nature of Work Among the Self-Employed in the 1990s: Evidence from Britain,’ Journal of Labor Research, 26, 501–517
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Akava – Confederation of Unions for Professional and Managerial Staff in Finland (2011), Retrieved 23rd August 2011, http://www.akava.fi/en/
   Google Scholar
• Andersson, P. (2008), ‘Happiness and Health: Well-being Among the Self-employed,’ The Journal of Socio-Economics, 37, 213–236
   Google Scholar
• Anderson, J.C., and Gerbing, D.W. (1988), ‘Structural Equation Modeling in Practice: A Review and Recommended Two-step Approach,’ Psychological Bulletin, 103, 411–423
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Babin, B., and Boles, S. (1996), ‘The Effects of Perceived Co-workers Involvement and Supervisor Support on Service Provider Role Stress, Performance and Job Satisfaction,’ Journal of Retailing, 72, 250–266
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beck, U. (2000), The Brave New World of Work, Cambridge: Polity
   Google Scholar
• Benz, M., and Frey, B.S. (2004), ‘Being Independent Raises Happiness at Work,’ Swedish Economic Policy Review, 11, 95–134
   Google Scholar
• Benz, M., and Frey, B.S. (2008a), ‘Being Independent is a Great Thing: Subjective Evaluations of Self-Employment and Hierarchy,’ Economica, 75, 362–383
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Benz, M., and Frey, B.S. (2008b), ‘The Value of Doing What You Like: Evidence from the Self-employed in 23 Countries,’ Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 68, 445–455
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blanchflower, D.G. (2004), ‘Self-employment: More may not be Better,’ Swedish Economic Policy Review, 11, 15–73
   Google Scholar
• Blanchflower, D.G., and Oswald, A.J. (1998), ‘What Makes an Entrepreneur?’ Journal of Labor Economics, 16, 26–60
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brayfield, A.H., and Rothe, H.F. (1951), ‘An Index of Job Satisfaction,’ Journal of Applied Psychology, 35, 307–311
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brooke, P.P., Russell, D.Jr, and Price, J.L. (1988), ‘Discriminant Validation of Measures of Job Satisfaction, Job Involvement, and Organizational Commitment,’ Journal of Applied Psychology, 7, 139–145
   Google Scholar
• Bruce, K., and Nyland, C. (2011), ‘Elton Mayo and the Deification of Human Relations,’ Organization Studies, 32, 383–405
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chacko, T.I. (1983), ‘Job and Life Satisfactions: A Causal Analysis of their Relationships,’ Academy of Management Journal, 26, 163–169
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen, L., Finn, R., Wilkinson, A., and Arnold, J. (2002), ‘Preface. Professional Work and Management,’ International Studies of Management and Organization, 32, 3–24
   Google Scholar
• Cohrs, J.C., Abele, A.E., and Dette, D.E. (2006), ‘Integrating Situational and Dispositional Determinants of Job Satisfaction: Findings from Three Samples of Professionals,’ Journal of Psychology, 140, 363–395
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cooper, A.C., and Artz, K.W. (1995), ‘Determinants of Satisfaction for Entrepreneurs,’ Journal of Business Venturing, 10, 439–457
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Daft, R. (2009), Organization Theory and Design (10th ed.), Stamford, CT: Cengage Learning
   Google Scholar
• Danna, K., and Griffin, R.W. (1999), ‘Health and Well-Being in the Workplace: A Review and Synthesis of the Literature,’ Journal of Management, 25, 357–384
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dirani, K.M., and Kuchinke, P.K. (2011), ‘Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment: Validating the Arabic Satisfaction and Commitment Questionnaire (ASCQ), Testing the Correlations, and Investigating the Effects of Demographic Variables in the Lebanese Banking Sector,’ International Journal of Human Resource Management, 22, 1180–1202
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fabra Florit, E., and Vila Lladosa, L. (2007), ‘Evaluation of the Effects of Education on Job Satisfaction: Independent Single-Equation vs. Structural Equation Models,’ International Advances in Economic Research, 13, 157–170
   Google Scholar
• Fairbrother, K., and Warn, J. (2003), ‘Workplace Dimensions, Stress and Job Satisfaction,’ Journal of Managerial Psychology, 18, 8–21
   Google Scholar
• Fisher, C.D. (2010), ‘Happiness at Work,’ International Journal of Management Reviews, 12, 384–412
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fletcher, C., and Williams, R. (1996), ‘Performance Management, Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment,’ British Journal of Management, 7, 169–179
   Google Scholar
• Freidson, E. (1999), ‘Theory of Professionalism: Method and Substance,’ International Review of Sociology, 9, 117–129
   Google Scholar
• Fried, Y., and Ferris, G.R. (1987), ‘The Validity of the Job Characteristics Model: A Review and Meta-analysis,’ Personnel Psychology, 40, 287–322
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Garrido, M.J., Pérez, P., and Carmen, A. (2005), ‘Determinants of Sales Manager Job Satisfaction. An Analysis of Spanish Industrial Firms,’ International Journal of Human Resource Management, 16, 1934–1954
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Georgellis, Y., and Lange, T. (2011), ‘Traditional Versus Secular Values and the Job-Life Satisfaction Relationship Across Europe,’ British Journal of Management, Article first published online: 22 August 2011, 10.1111/j.1467-8551.2011.00753.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grant, A. (2008), ‘The Significance of Task Significance: Job Performance Effects, Relational Mechanisms, and Boundary Conditions,’ Journal of Applied Psychology, 93, 108–124
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grzywacz, J.G., and Butler, A.B. (2005), ‘The Impact of Job Characteristics on Work-to-family Facilitation: Testing a Theory and Distinguishing a Construct,’ Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 10, 97–109
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hackman, J.R., and Oldham, G.R. (1976), ‘Motivation through the Design of Work: Test of a Theory,’ Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 16, 250–279
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hackman, J.R., and Oldham, G.R. (1980), Work Redesign, Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley
   Google Scholar
• Hanlon, G. (1999), ‘The Changing Nature of Professionalism and the Fracturing of the Service Class,’ International Review of Sociology, 9, 87–99
   Google Scholar
• Harpaz, I. (1986), ‘The Factorial Structure of the Meaning of Working,’ Human Relations, 39, 595–614
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hart, P.M. (1999), ‘Predicting Employee Satisfaction: A Coherent Model of Personality, Work and Nonwork Experiences, and Domain Satisfactions,’ Journal of Applied Psychology, 84, 564–584
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hu, L., and Bentler, P.M. (1999), ‘Cutoff Criteria for Fit Indexes in Covariance Structure Analysis: Conventional Criteria Versus New Alternatives,’ Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 6, 1–55
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang, T.-P. (2011), ‘Comparing Motivating Work Characteristics, Job Satisfaction, and Turnover Intention of Knowledge Workers and Blue-collar Workers, and Testing a Structural Model of the Variables' Relationships in China and Japan,’ International Journal of Human Resource Management, 22, 924–944
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hundley, G. (2001), ‘Why and When Are the Self-Employed More Satisfied with Their Work?’ Industrial Relations, 40, 293–316
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ilies, R., Wilson, K.S., and Wagner, D.T. (2009), ‘The Spillover of Daily Job Satisfaction onto Employee's Family Lives: The Facilitating Role of Work-Family Integration,’ Academy of Management Journal, 52, 87–102
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jamal, M. (2007), ‘Burnout and Self-employment: A Cross-cultural Empirical Study,’ Stress and Health, 23, 249–256
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnson, S., Cooper, C., Cartwright, S., Donald, I., Taylor, P., and Millet, C. (2005), ‘The Experience of Work-related Stress Across Occupations,’ Journal of Managerial Psychology, 20, 178–187
   Google Scholar
• Judge, T.A., Bono, J.E., and Locke, E.A. (2000), ‘Personality and Job Satisfaction: The Mediating Role of Job Characteristics,’ Journal of Applied Psychology, 85, 237–249
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Judge, T.A., Heller, D., and Klinger, R. (2008), ‘The Dispositional Sources of Job Satisfaction: A Comparative Test,’ Applied Psychology, 57, 361–372
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Judge, T.A., Locke, E.A., and Durham, C.C. (1997), ‘The Dispositional Causes of Job Satisfaction: A Core Evaluation Approach,’ Research in Organizational Behaviour, 19, 151–188
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Judge, T.A., and Watanabe, S. (1993), ‘Another Look at the Job Satisfaction-Life Satisfaction Relationship,’ Journal of Applied Psychology, 78, 939–948
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jurik, N., Halemba, G., Musheno, M., and Boyle, B. (1987), ‘Educational Attainment, Job Satisfaction, and the Professionalization of Correctional Officers,’ Work and Occupations, 14, 106–125
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Katz, J.A. (1993), ‘How Satisfied are the Self-employed: A Secondary Analysis Approach,’ Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 17, 35–51
   Google Scholar
• Kivinen, O., and Nurmi, J. (2003), ‘Unifying Higher Education for Different Kinds of Europeans. Higher Education and Work: A Comparison of Ten Countries,’ Comparative Education, 39, 83–103
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koivunen, N. (2009), ‘Collective Expertise: Ways of Organizing Expert Work in Collective Settings,’ Journal of Management and Organization, 15, 258–276
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lachman, R., and Aranya, N. (1986), ‘Job Attitudes and Turnover Intentions Among Professionals in Different Work Settings,’ Organization Studies, 7, 279–293
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lange, T. (2009), ‘Job Satisfaction and Self-employment: Autonomy or Personality?’ Small Business Economics, 38, 165–177
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lange, T., Pacheco, G., and Shrotryia, V.K. (2010), ‘Culture, Industrialisation and Multiple Domains of Employees' Job Satisfaction: A Case for HR Strategy Redesign in India,’ International Journal of Human Resource Management, 21, 2438–2451
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee, R., and Wilbur, E.R. (1985), ‘Age, Education, Job Tenure, Salary, Job Characteristics, and Job Satisfaction: A Multivariate Analysis,’ Human Relations, 38, 781–791
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leicht, K., and Fennell, M. (1997), ‘The Changing Organizational Context of Professional Work,’ Annual Review of Sociology, 23, 215–231
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leicht, K., and Fennell, M. (2001), Professional Work. A Sociological Approach, Oxford: Blackwell Publishers Ltd
   Google Scholar
• Locke, E.A. (1976), ‘The Nature and Causes of Job Satisfaction,’ in Handbook of Industrial and Organizational Psychology, ed. M.D.Dunnette, Chicago: Rand McNally, pp. 1297–1349
   Google Scholar
• Malach-Pines, A., Sadeh, A., Dvir, D., and Yafe-Yanai, O. (2002), ‘Entrepreneurs and Managers: Similar yet Different,’ International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 10, 172–190
   Google Scholar
• Mason, S. (1997), ‘A Case Study of Gender Differences in Job Satisfaction Subsequent to Implementation of an Employment Equity Programme,’ British Journal of Management, 8, 163–173
   Google Scholar
• Mein, G., Martikainen, P., Stansfeld, S.A., Brunner, E.J., Fuhrer, R., and Marmot, M.G. (2000), ‘Predictors of Early Retirement in British Civil Servants,’ Age and Ageing, 29, 529–536
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morgeson, F.P., and Humphrey, S.E. (2006), ‘The Work Design Questionnaire (WDQ): Developing and Validating a Comprehensive Measure for Assessing Job Design and the Nature of Work,’ Journal of Applied Psychology, 91, 1321–1339
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Muehlberger, U. (2007), Dependent Self-employment: Workers on the Border Between Employment and Self-employment, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan
   Google Scholar
• Muthén, L.K., and Muthén, B.O. (1998–2010), Mplus User's Guide (6th ed.), Los Angeles, CA: Muthén and Muthén
   Google Scholar
• O'Gorman, C., Bourke, S., and Murray, J.A. (2005), ‘The Nature of Managerial Work in Small Growth-Orientated Businesses,’ Small Business Economics, 25, 1–16
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parker, S.C. (2009), The Economics of Entrepreneurship, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
   Google Scholar
• Podsakoff, P.M., MacKenzie, S.B., Lee, J.-Y., and Podsakoff, N.P. (2003), ‘Common Method Biases in Behavioral Research: A Critical Review of the Literature and Recommended Remedies,’ Journal of Applied Psychology, 88, 879–903
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prottas, D. (2008), ‘Do the Self-employed Value Autonomy more than Employees? Research Across Four Samples,’ Career Development International, 13, 33–45
   Google Scholar
• Prottas, D., and Thompson, C.A. (2006), ‘Stress, Satisfaction and the Work-Family Interface: A Comparison of Self-Employed Business Owners, Independents, and Organizational Employees,’ Journal of Organizational Health Psychology, 11, 368–378
   Google Scholar
• Rogers, S.J., and May, D.C. (2003), ‘Spillover Between Marital Quality and Job Satisfaction: Long-Term Patterns and Gender Differences,’ Journal of Marriage and Family, 65, 482–495
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosta, J., Nylenna, M., and Aasland, O. (2009), ‘Job Satisfaction Among Hospital Doctors in Norway and Germany. A Comparative Study on National Samples,’ Scandinavian Journal of Public Health, 37, 503–508
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rubb, S. (2009), ‘Over Education Among Older Workers: Impact on Wages and Early Retirement Decisions,’ Applied Economics Letters, 16, 1621–1626
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saari, L.M., and Judge, T.A. (2004), ‘Employee Attitudes and Job Satisfaction,’ Human Resource Management, 43, 395–407
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schjoedt, L. (2009), ‘Entrepreneurial Job Characteristics: An Examination of their Effect on Entrepreneurial Satisfaction,’ Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 33, 619–644
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schuler, R.S., and Jackson, S.E. (eds.) (1999), Strategic Human Resource Management, UK: Blackwell Publishers Ltd
   Google Scholar
• Sibbald, B., Bojke, C., and Gravelle, H. (2003), ‘National Survey of Job Satisfaction and Retirement Intentions Among General Practitioners in England,’ British Medical Journal, 326, 22–24
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sims, H.P.Jr, Szilagyi, A.D., and Keller, R.T. (1976), ‘The Measurement of Job Characteristics,’ Academy of Management Journal, 19, 195–212
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smit-Ruig, T. (2009), ‘Exploring Career Plateau as a Multi-faceted Phenomenon: Understanding the Types of Career Plateaux Experienced by Accounting Professionals,’ British Journal of Management, 20, 610–622
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Teichler, U., and Kehm, B.M. (1995), ‘Towards a New Understanding of the Relationships Between Higher Education and Employment,’ European Journal of Education, 30, 115–132
   Google Scholar
• Ter Doest, L., and de Jonge, J. (2006), ‘Testing Causal Models of Job Characteristics and Employee Well-being: A Replication Study Using Cross-lagged Structural Equation Modelling,’ Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 79, 499–507
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Dick, R., Christ, O., Stellmacher, J., Wagner, U., Ahlswede, O., Grubba, C., Hauptmeier, M., Höhfeld, C., Moltzen, K., and Tissington, P.A. (2004), ‘Should I Stay or Should I Go? Explaining Turnover Intentions with Organizational Identification and Job Satisfaction,’ British Journal of Management, 15, 351–360
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vila, L., García-Arancil, A., and Mora, J.-G. (2007), ‘The Distribution of Job Satisfaction Among Young European Graduates: Does the Choice of Study Field Matter?’ The Journal of Higher Education, 78, 97–118
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Western, J., Haynes, M., Durrington, D.A., and Dwan, K. (2006), ‘Characteristics and Benefits of Professional Work: Assessment of their Importance Over a 30-year Career,’ Journal of Sociology, 42, 165–188
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar