Industrial districts as ‘learning regions’: A condition for prosperity

References

• Amin , A. and Thrift , N. 1992 . Neo‐Marshallian nodes in global networks . International Journal of Urban and Regional Research , 16 : 571 – 587 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Amin , A. and Thrift , N. , eds. 1994 . Globalization, Institutions, and Regional Development in Europe , Oxford : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Amin , A. and Thrift , N. 1995 . Territoriality in the global political economy . Nordisk Samhällsgeografisk Tidskrift , 20 : 3 – 16 .
   Google Scholar
• Archibugi , D. and Michie , J. 1995 . Technology and innovation: an introduction . Cambridge Journal of Economics , 19 : 1 – 4 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Asanuma , B. 1989 . Manufacturer‐supplier relationships in Japan and the concept of the relation‐specific skill . Journal of the Japanese and International Economies , 3 : 1 – 30 .
   Google Scholar
• Asheim , B. T. 1985 . Capital accumulation, technological development and the spatial division of labour: a framework for analysis . Norwegian Journal of Geography , 45 : 87 – 97 .
   Google Scholar
• Asheim , B. T. 1990 . “ Innovation diffusion and small firms: Between the agency of lifeworld and the structure of systems ” . In Technological Change in a Spatial Context: Theory, Empirical Evidence and Policy , Edited by: Alderman , N. , Ciciotti , E. and Thwaites , A. 37 – 55 . Berlin : Springer‐Verlag .
   Google Scholar
• Asheim , B. T. 1992 . “ Flexible specialization, industrial districts and small firms: a critical appraisal ” . In Regional Development and Contemporary Industrial Response. Extending Flexible Specialization , Edited by: Ernste , H. and Meier , V. 45 – 63 . London : Bellhaven Press .
   Google Scholar
• Asheim , B. T. 1994a . “ Industrial districts, inter‐firm co‐operation and endogenous technological development: the experience of developed countries ” . In Technological dynamism in industrial districts: An alternative approach to industrialization in developing countries? , 91 – 142 . New York and Geneva : Unctad, United Nations .
   Google Scholar
• Asheim , B. T. The Small Firm Squeeze: Globalization, Flexibilization and the Power of TNCs . Paper presented at the workshop on ‘The boundaries of the firm’, European Management and Organization in Transition (EMOT) . October 1994 . European Science Foundation, Como .
   Google Scholar
• Asheim , B. T. 1995 . Regionale innovasjonssystem—en sosialt og territorielt forankret teknologipolitikk? . Nordisk Samhällsgeogrfisk Tidskrift , 20 : 17 – 34 .
   Google Scholar
• Becattini , G. 1989 . “ Sectors and/or districts: some remarks on the conceptual foundations of industrial economics ” . In Small Firms and Industrial Districts in Italy , Edited by: Goodman , E. and Bamford , J. 123 – 135 . London : Routledge .
   Google Scholar
• Becattini , G. 1990 . “ The Marshallian industrial district as a socio‐economic notionM ” . In Industrial Districts and Inter‐firm Cooperation in Italy , Edited by: Pyke , F. , Becattini , G. and Sengenberger , W. 37 – 51 . Geneva : International Institute for Labour Studies .
   Google Scholar
• Becattini , G. 1991 . “ The industrial district as a creative milieu ” . In Industrial Change and Regional Development , Edited by: Benko , G. and Dunford , M. 102 – 114 . London : Belhaven Press .
   Google Scholar
• Bellandi , M. 1989 . “ The industrial district in Marshall ” . In Small Firms and Industrial Districts in Italy , Edited by: Goodman , E. and Bamford , J. 136 – 152 . London : Routledge .
   Google Scholar
• Bellandi , M. 1994 . “ Decentralized industrial creativity in dynamic industrial districts ” . In Technological Dynamism in Industrial Districts: An Alternative Approach to Industrialization in Developing Countries? , 73 – 87 . New York and Geneva : Unctad, United Nations .
   Google Scholar
• Bianchi , P. and Giordani , M. G. 1993 . Innovation policy at the local and national levels: the case of Emilia‐Romagna . European Planning Studies , 1 : 25 – 41 .
   Google Scholar
• Bonaccorsi , A. and Lipparini , A. 1994 . Strategic partnerships in new product development: an Italian case study . Journal of Product Innovation Management , 11 : 135 – 146 .
   Google Scholar
• Brusco , S. 1986 . “ Small firms and industrial districts: the experience of Italy ” . In New Firms and Regional Development in Europe , Edited by: Keeble , D. and Wever , E. 184 – 202 . London : Croom Helm .
   Google Scholar
• Brusco , S. 1990 . “ The idea of the industrial district: its genesis ” . In Industrial Districts and Inter‐firm Co‐operation in Italy , Edited by: Pyke , F. , Becattini , G. and Sengenberger , W. 10 – 19 . Geneva : International Institute for Labour Studies .
   Google Scholar
• Brusco , S. 1992 . “ Small firms and the provision of real services ” . In Industrial Districts and Local Economic Regeneration , Edited by: Pyke , F. and Sengenberger , W. 177 – 196 . Geneva : International Institute for Labour Studies .
   Google Scholar
• Brusco , S. Global Systems and Local Systems . Paper presented at an OECD seminar on ‘Local systems of small firms and job creation’ . June 1995 , Paris.
   Google Scholar
• Camagni , R. 1991 . “ Introduction: from the local ‘milieu’ to innovation through cooperation networks ” . In Innovation networks: spatial perspectives , Edited by: Camagni , R. 1 – 9 . London : Belhaven Press .
   Google Scholar
• Castro , E. de and Jensen‐Butler , C. 1993 . Flexibility, Routine Behaviour and the Neo‐classical Model in the Analysis of Regional Growth , Institute of Political Science, University of Aarhus .
   Google Scholar
• Cooke , P. The Baden‐Württemberg Machine Tool Industry: Regional Responses to Global Threats . Paper presented at the workshop of the Centre of Technology Assessment in Baden‐Württemberg on ‘Explaining regional competitiveness and the capability to innovate—the case of Baden‐Württemberg’ . June 1994 , Stuttgart.
   Google Scholar
• Cooke , P. The co‐operative advantage of regions . Paper prepared for Centenaire Harald Innis Centenary Celebration Conference on ‘Regions, Institutions, and Technology: Reorganizing Economic Geography in Canada and the Anglo‐American World’ . September 1994 . University of Toronto .
   Google Scholar
• Cooke , P. and Morgan , K. 1994 . “ Growth regions under duress: Renewal strategies in Baden‐Württemberg and Emilia‐Romagna ” . In Globalization, Institutions, and Regional Development in Europe , Edited by: Amin , A. and Thrift , N. 91 – 117 . Oxford : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Crevoisier , O. 1994 . Book review (of G. Benko and A. Lipietz (Eds) Les regions qui gagnent, Paris 1992) . European Planning Studies , 2 : 258 – 260 .
   Google Scholar
• Dei Ottati , G. 1994 . Cooperation and competition in the industrial district as an organization model . European Planning Studies , 2 : 463 – 483 .
   Google Scholar
• Dimou , P. 1994 . The industrial district: a stage of a diffuse industrialization process—the case of Roanne . European Planning Studies , 1 : 23 – 38 .
   Google Scholar
• Dosi , G. 1988 . “ The nature of the innovative process ” . In Technical Change and Economic Theory , Edited by: Dosi , G. 221 – 238 . London : Pinter Publishers .
   Google Scholar
• Felsenstein , D. 1994 . Book review essay (on D. Massey et al., High tech fantasies, London 1992) . Economic Geography , 70 : 72 – 75 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Garofoli , G. 1991a . “ Local networks, innovation and policy in Italian industrial districts ” . In Regions Reconsidered , Edited by: Bergman , E. M. 119 – 140 . London : Mansell .
   Google Scholar
• Garofoli , G. 1991b . “ The Italian model of spatial development in the 1970s and 1980s ” . In Industrial Change and Regional Development , Edited by: Benko , G. and Dunford , M. 85 – 101 . London : Belhaven Press .
   Google Scholar
• Garofoli , G. 1992 . “ Diffuse industrialization and small firms: The Italian pattern in the 1970s ” . In Endogenous Development and Southern Europe , Edited by: Garofoli , G. 83 – 102 . Aldershot : Avebury .
   Google Scholar
• Glasmeier , A. 1994 . “ Flexible districts, flexible regions? The institutional and cultural limits to districts in an era of globalization and technological paradigm shifts ” . In Globalization, Institutions, and Regional Development in Europe , Edited by: Amin , A. and Thrift , N. 118 – 146 . Oxford : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Grabher , G. 1993 . “ Rediscovering the social in the economics of interfirm relations ” . In The embedded firm. On the socioeconomics of industrial networks , Edited by: Grabher , G. 1 – 31 . London : Routledge .
   Google Scholar
• Granovetter , M. 1973 . The strength of weak ties . American Journal of Sociology , 78 : 1360 – 1380 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Granovetter , M. 1985 . Economic action and social structure: the problem of embeddedness . American Journal of Sociology , 91 : 481 – 510 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Habermas , J. 1987 . The Theory of Communicative Action (Vol. 2). Lifeworld and System: A Critique of Functionalist Reason , Cambridge : Polity Press .
   Google Scholar
• Håkansson , H. 1992 . Corporate Technological Behaviour. Co‐operation and Networks , London : Routledge .
   Google Scholar
• Haraldsen , T. 1994 . Teknologi, ekonomi og rom—en teoretisk analyse av relasjoner mellom industrielle og territorielle endringsprosesser , Lund : Department of social and economic geography, Lund University. Lund University Press . Doctoral dissertation
   Google Scholar
• Haraldsen , T. Spatial Conquest — the Territorial Extension of Production Systems . Paper presented at the Regional Studies Association conference on ‘Regional futures: Past and present, east and west’ . May 1995 , Gothenburg.
   Google Scholar
• Harrison , B. 1994a . The Italian industrial districts and the crisis of the cooperative form: Part I . European Planning Studies , 2 : 3 – 22 .
   Google Scholar
• Harrison , B. 1994b . The Italian industrial districts and the crisis of the cooperative form: Part II . European Planning Studies , 2 : 159 – 174 .
   Google Scholar
• Henry , N. 1995 . Along the road: R&D, society and space . Research Policy , 24 : 707 – 726 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Herrigel , G. 1996 . Crisis in German decentralized production: unexpected rigidity and the challenge of an alternative form of flexible organization in Baden‐Württemberg . European Urban and Regional Studies , 3 : 33 – 52 .
   Google Scholar
• Hodgson , G. 1993 . Economics and Evolution. Bringing Life Back into Economics , Cambridge : Polity Press .
   Google Scholar
• Johnson , B. and Lundvall , B‐Å. 1991 . “ Flexibility and institutional learning ” . In The Politics of Flexibility. Restructuring State and Industry in Britain, Germany and Scandinavia , Edited by: Jessop , B. 33 – 49 . Aldershot : Edward Elgar .
   Google Scholar
• Lazonick , W. 1993 . Industry cluster versus global webs: organizational capabilities in the American economy . Industrial and Corporate Change , 2 : 1 – 24 .
   Google Scholar
• Lazonick , W. and Smith , K. 1995 . Organization Innovation and Competitive Advantage: Long‐term Investment and Public Policy , Oslo : STEP Group . Project Proposal.
   Google Scholar
• Leborgne , D. and Lipietz , A. 1988 . New technologies, new modes of regulation: some spatial implications . Environment and Planning D: Society and Space , 6 : 263 – 280 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leborgne , D. and Lipietz , A. 1992 . “ Conceptual fallacies and open questions on post‐Fordism ” . In Pathways to Industrialization and Regional Development , Edited by: Storper , M. and Scott , A.J. 332 – 348 . London : Routledge .
   Google Scholar
• Lipparini , A. and Lorenzoni , G. Strategic Sourcing and Organizational Boundaries Adjustment: A Process‐based Perspective . Paper presented at the workshop on ‘The changing boundaries of the firm’, European Management and Organizations in Transition (EMOT) . October 1994 . European Science Foundation, Como .
   Google Scholar
• Lipparini , A. and Sobrero , M. 1994 . The glue and the pieces: Entrepreneurship and innovation in small‐firm networks . Journal of Business Venturing , 9 : 125 – 140 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lorenz , E. 1992 . “ Trust, community, and cooperation: towards a theory of industrial districts ” . In Pathway to Industrialization and Regional Development , Edited by: Storper , M. and Scott , A. J. 195 – 204 . London : Routledge .
   Google Scholar
• Lundvall , B.‐Å. 1992 . “ Introduction ” . In National Systems of Innovation , Edited by: Lundvall , B.‐Å. 1 – 19 . London : Pinter Publishers .
   Google Scholar
• Lundvall , B.‐Å. 1993 . “ Explaining interfirm cooperation and innovation: limits of the transaction‐cost approach ” . In The Embedded Firm. On the Socioeconomics of Industrial Networks , Edited by: Grabher , G. 52 – 64 . London : Routledge .
   Google Scholar
• Lundvall , B.‐Å and Johnson , B. 1994 . The learning economy . Journal of Industry Studies , 1 : 23 – 42 .
   Google Scholar
• Lyberaki , A. and Pesmazoglou , V. 1994 . Mirages and miracles of European small and medium enterprise development . European Planning Studies , 2 : 499 – 521 .
   Google Scholar
• Marshall , A. 1891 . Principles of Economics , 2nd edn , London : Macmillan .
   Google Scholar
• Marshall , A. 1986 . Principles of Economics , 8th edn , London : Macmillan .
   Google Scholar
• Morgan , K. Institutions, Innovation and Regional Renewal. The Development Agency as Animateur . Paper presented at the Regional Studies Association conference on ‘Regional futures: past and present, east and west’ . May 1995 , Gothenburg.
   Google Scholar
• Nooteboom , B. 1988 . The facts about small business and the real values of its ‘life world’ . The American Journal of Economics and Sociology , 47 : 299 – 314 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Patchell , J. 1993 . From production systems to learning systems: lessons from Japan . Environment and Planning A , 25 : 797 – 815 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pedler , M. 1991 . The Learning Company , London : McGraw‐Hill .
   Google Scholar
• Perroux , F. 1970 . “ Note on the concept of ‘growth poles’ ” . In Regional Economics: Theory and Practice , Edited by: Mckee , D. , Dean , R. and Leahy , N. 93 – 103 . New York : The Free Press .
   Google Scholar
• Perulli , P. 1993 . Towards a regionalization of industrial relations . International Journal of Urban and Regional Research , 17 : 98 – 113 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Piore , M. and Sabel , C. 1984 . The Second Industrial Divide: Possibilities for Prosperity , New York : Basic Books .
   Google Scholar
• Porter , M. 1990 . The Competitive Advantage of Nations , London : Macmillan .
   Google Scholar
• Pyke , F. 1994 . Small Firms, Technical Services and Inter‐firm Cooperation , Geneva : International Institute for Labour Studies .
   Google Scholar
• Pyke , F. and Sengenberger , W. 1990 . “ Introduction ” . In Industrial Districts and Inter‐firm Cooperation in Italy , Edited by: Pyke , F. , Becattini , G. and Sengenberger , W. 1 – 9 . Geneva : International Institute for Labour Studies .
   Google Scholar
• Russo , M. 1989 . “ Technical change and the industrial district: the role of inter‐firm relations in the growth and transformation of ceramic tile production in Italy ” . In Small Firms and Industrial Districts in Italy , Edited by: Goodman , E. and Bamford , J. 198 – 222 . London : Routledge .
   Google Scholar
• Sabel , C. 1992 . “ Studied trust: building new forms of cooperation in a volatile economy ” . In Industrial Districts and Local Economic Regeneration , Edited by: Pyke , F. and Sengenberger , W. 215 – 250 . Geneva : International Institute for Labour Studies .
   Google Scholar
• Semlinger , K. 1993 . “ Small firms and outsourcing as flexibility reservoirs of large firms ” . In The Embedded Firm. On the Socioeconomics of Industrial Networks , Edited by: Grabher , G. 161 – 178 . London : Routledge .
   Google Scholar
• Smith , K. 1994 . “ New directions in research and technology policy: identifying the key issues. ” . In STEP‐report , Vol. 1 , Oslo : The STEP Group .
   Google Scholar
• Storper , M. 1995a . The resurgence of regional economies, ten years later: the region as a nexus of untraded interdependencies . European Urban and Regional Studies , 2 : 191 – 221 .
   Google Scholar
• Storper , M. 1995b . Territorial development in the global learning economy: the challenge to developing countries . Review of International Political Economy , 2 : 394 – 424 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Storper , M. and Walker , R. 1989 . The Capitalist Imperative. Territory, Technology, and Industrial Growth , New York : Basil Blackwell .
   Google Scholar
• Sunley , P. 1992 . Marshallian industrial districts: the case of the Lancashire cotton industry in the inter‐war years . Trans. Inst. Br. Geogr. N.S. , 17 : 306 – 320 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tolomelli , C. 1990 . “ Policies to support innovation in Emilia‐Romagna: experiences, prospects and theoretical aspects ” . In Technological Change in a Spatial Context: Theory, Empirical Evidence and Policy , Edited by: Alderman , N. , Ciciotti , E. and Thwaites , A. 356 – 378 . Berlin : Springer‐Verlag .
   Google Scholar
• Weinstein , O. 1992 . “ High technology and flexibility ” . In Towards Global Localization , Edited by: Cooke , P. London : UCL Press .
   Google Scholar
• Whitaker , J. K. , ed. 1975 . The Early Economic Writings of Alfred Marshall, 1867–1890 , Vol. 2 , London : Macmillan .
   Google Scholar
• You , J.‐I. and Wilkinson , F. 1994 . Competition and co‐operation: toward understanding industrial districts . Review of Political Economy , 6 : 259 – 278 .
   Google Scholar
• Zeitlin , J. 1992 . “ Industrial districts and local economic regeneration: overview and comment ” . In Industrial Districts and Local Economic Regeneration , Edited by: Pyke , F. and Sengenberger , W. 279 – 294 . Geneva : International Institute for Labour Studies .
   Google Scholar