Publication Cover
Contemporary Justice Review
Issues in Criminal, Social, and Restorative Justice
Volume 16, 2013 - Issue 2
1,095
Views
3
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Frenemies: restorative justice and customary mechanisms of justice

Pages 174-192 | Received 13 Jun 2012, Accepted 16 Jul 2012, Published online: 19 Dec 2012

References

  • Armitage , A. 1995 . Comparing the policy of aboriginal assimilation: Australia, Canada, and New Zealand , Vancouver : UBC Press .
  • Arthur , Paige . 2009 . How ‘Transitions’ reshaped human rights: A conceptual history of transitional justice . Human Rights Quarterly , 31 ( 2 ) : 321 – 367 .
  • Asch , M. 2001 . Indigenous self-determination and applied anthropology in Canada: Finding a place to stand . Anthropological , XLIII ( 2 ) : 201 – 209 .
  • Baines , E. 2007 . The haunting of Alice: Local approaches to justice and reconciliation in Northern Uganda . International Journal of Transitional Justice , 1 ( 1 ) : 91 – 114 .
  • Becroft, A. (2007, September). Restorative justice in the youth court. Paper presented at the 9th international conference on alternative dispute resolution, Wellington.
  • Bottoms , A. 2003 . “ Some sociological reflections on restorative justice ” . In Restorative justice and criminal justice , Edited by: Von Hirsch , A. , Roberts , J. and Bottoms , A. 79 – 114 . Portland , OR : Hart .
  • Braithwaite , J. 1999 . Restorative justice: Assessing optimistic and pessimistic accounts . Crime and Justice: A Review of Research , 25 ( 7 ) : 1 – 127 .
  • Braithwaite , J. 2002 . Restorative justice and responsive regulations , New York , NY : Oxford University Press .
  • Bryan , B. 2000 . Property as ontology: An Aboriginal and English understanding of property . Canadian Journal of Law and Jurisprudence , 13 ( 1 ) : 3 – 31 .
  • Cameron , A. 2005 . Restorative justice: A literature review , Vancouver : The British Columbia Institute Against Family Violence .
  • Clark , Mary . 2002 . In search of human nature , London : Routledge .
  • Consedine , J. 1995 . Restorative justice: Healing the effect of crime , Christchurch : Ploughshares .
  • Consedine , J. 2003 . “ The Mãori restorative tradition ” . In Restorative justice reader: Texts, sources, context , Edited by: Johnstone , G. 152 – 157 . London : Willan .
  • Consedine , J. and Bowen , H. 1999 . Restorative justice: Contemporary themes and practice , Christchurch : Ploughshares .
  • Cordella , P. and Siegel , L. 1996 . Readings in contemporary criminological theory , Boston , MA : Northeastern University Press .
  • Correa, C, Guillerot, J., & Magarrell, L. (2009). Reparations and victim participation: A look at the truth commission experience. Research paper, The International Center for Transitional Justice. Retrieved from http://ictj.org/sites/default/files/ICTJ-Global-Reparations-Participation-2009-English.pdf
  • Coupe , N. 2000 . Mãori suicide prevention in New Zealand . Pacific Health Dialog: Journal of Community Health and Clinical Medicine for the Pacific , 7 ( 1 ) : 25 – 28 .
  • Crawford , J. 1983 . The proof of aboriginal customary law , Sydney : Australian Law Reform Commission .
  • Crosby , R. and King , M. 1999 . The musket wars a history of inter-iwi conflict 1806–45 , Wellington : Raupo .
  • Cunneen , C. 2008 . Reviving restorative justice traditions? , Sydney : University of New South Wales, Faculty of Law Research Series .
  • Daly , K. 2003 . “ Restorative justice: The real story ” . In Restorative justice: Critical issues , Edited by: McLaughlin , E. , Fergusson , R. , Hughes , G. and Westmarland , L. 195 – 214 . London : Sage .
  • Daly , K. 2006 . “ The limits of restorative justice ” . In Handbook of restorative justice: A global perspective , Edited by: Sullivan , D. and Tifft , L. 134 – 146 . London : Routledge .
  • Daly, K. (2009). Racializing restorative justice: Lessons from Indigenous justice practices. Paper presented at the second restorative justice conference, San Antonio, TX.
  • Daly , K. and Hayes , H. 2001 . Restorative justice and conferencing in Australia. Trends and issues in crime and criminal justice , Canberra : Australian Institute of Criminology .
  • Daly , K. and Stubbs , J. 2006 . Feminist engagement with restorative justice . Theoretical Criminology , 10 ( 9 ) : 9 – 28 .
  • De Greiff , P. 2006 . The handbook of reparations , Oxford : Oxford University Press .
  • Dickson-Gilmore , J. and LaPraire , C. 2005 . Will the circle be unbroken? Aboriginal communities, restorative justice, and the challenges of conflict and change , Toronto : University of Toronto Press .
  • Dinnen, S. (2009). ‘Traditional’ justice systems in the Pacific, Indonesia and Timor-Leste. Paper presented at the UNICEF conference on justice for children in the Pacific, Indonesia and Timor-Leste, Papua New Guinea.
  • Dixon , M. 2006 . “ Crime and justice ” . In State of the Mãori nation: Twenty-first century issues in Aotearoa , Edited by: Mulholland , M. 187 – 197 . Auckland : Reed .
  • Drummond , S. 1997 . Incorporating the familiar: An investigation into legal sensibilities in Nununavuk , Kingston : Queens University Press .
  • Durie, A. (2006). Pathways home: Te Hoe Nuku Roa. Paper presented at the World Indigenous People Conference, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
  • Durie , E. 1994 . Custom law: Address to the New Zealand society for legal and social philosophy . Victoria University of Wellington Law Journal , 24 : 328 – 341 .
  • Durie, E. (2006). Address to symposium on Indigenous knowledge. Paper presented at the Indigenous Knowledge, Rights and Responsibilities Symposium, Wellington.
  • Durie , M. 1993 . Te Mana, Te Kawanatanga: The politics of Mãori self-determination , Auckland : Oxford University Press .
  • Durie Hall , D. 1999 . “ Restorative justice: A Mãori perspective ” . In Restorative justice. Contemporary themes and practice , Edited by: Bowen , H. and Consedine , J. 25 – 35 . Littleton : Ploughshares .
  • Dyhrberg, M. (1994, September). Mãori based justice: An alternative dispute resolution in the criminal justice system. Paper presented at the 5th International Criminal Law Congress, Sydney.
  • Dzur , A. and Wertheimer , A. 2002 . Forgiveness and public deliberation: The practice of restorative justice . Criminal Justice Ethics , 21 ( 1 ) : 3 – 20 .
  • Elliott , E. and Gordon , R. 2005 . New directions in restorative justice: Issues practice and evaluation , Portland , OR : Willan .
  • Family and Community Services . 2007 . Community action to prevent community violence toolkit , Wellington : Government of New Zealand .
  • Feineberg , J. 1994 . “ The expressive function of punishment ” . In A reader on punishment , Edited by: Duff , A. and Garland , D. 71 – 92 . New York , NY : Oxford University Press .
  • Fletcher , L. 2002 . Vengeance and social repair . Human Rights Quarterly , 24 ( 3 ) : 573 – 639 .
  • Frame , A. 2002 . Grey and Iwikau: A journey into customs , Wellington : Victoria University Press .
  • Frame, A., & Meredith, P. (2004). Performance and Mãori customary legal process. Paper presented at the Symposium on Concepts and Institutions of Polynesian Customary Law, University of Auckland.
  • Frankena , W. 1962 . “ The concept of social justice ” . In Social justice , Edited by: Brandt , R. 1 – 29 . Upper Saddle River , NJ : Prentice-Hall .
  • Galant , K. 2009 . The principle of legality in international and comparative criminal law , Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
  • Government of New Zealand. (n.d.). Ministry of women’s affairs. Retrieved November 21, 2010, from http://www.mwa.govt.nz/
  • Government of New Zealand. (1962). Mãori Community Development Act. Wellington.
  • Government of New Zealand. (2001). He Hinatore Ki Te Ao Mãori; A glimpse at the Mãori world. Wellington: Ministry of Justice.
  • Guest, J. (1999). Aboriginal legal theory and restorative justice. Native Law Centre of Canada. Retrieved from http://www.usask.ca/nativelaw/publications/jah/1999/Ab_Legal_Theory_Pt2.pdf
  • Haines , K. 1998 . “ Some principles objection to restorative justice approach to working with juvenile offenders ” . In Restorative justice for juveniles: Potentialities, risks and problems , Edited by: Walgrave , L. 93 – 114 . Leuven : Leuven University Press .
  • Hakiaha , M. 1999 . “ Resolving conflict from a Mãori perspective ” . In Restorative justice: Contemporary themes and practice , Edited by: Consedine , J. and Bowen , H. 90 – 94 . Christchurch : Ploughshares .
  • Hakiaha , M. 2004 . “ What is the state’s role in Indigenous justice process ” . In Critical issues in restorative justice , Edited by: Zehr , H. and Towes , B. 351 – 359 . Devon : Willan .
  • Hart , R. and Reed , A. 1977 . Mãori myth: The supernatural world of the Mãori , Wellington : New Zealand Consolidated Press .
  • Hazlehurst , K. 1995 . Popular justice and community regeneration: Pathways of Indigenous reform , London : Praeger .
  • Hennessy , P. 1984 . Aboriginal customary law and local justice mechanisms: Principles, options and proposals , New York , NY : Hein .
  • Henwood, C. (July 1997). The children, young persons and their families act 1989 (NZ): A judicial perspective in 1997. Paper presented at the Judicial Commission of New South Wales Seminar Series, Sydney.
  • Hibbitts , B. 1992 . Coming to our senses: Communication and legal expression in performance cultures . Emory Law Journal , 41 : 873 – 960 .
  • Hingangaroa Smith, G. (2003). Kaupapa Mãori theory: Theorizing Indigenous transformation of education and schooling. Paper presented at the Kaupapa Mãori Symposium, Auckland.
  • Hovil, L., & Okello. M. (2007). Partial justice: Formal and informal mechanisms in post conflict West Nile (Refugee Law Project Working Paper Series, Working Paper No. 12).
  • Hudson , B. 2003a . Justice in the risk society , London : Sage .
  • Hudson , B. 2003b . Restorative justice and gendered violence: Diversion or effective justice? . British Journal of Criminology , 42 : 616 – 634 .
  • Hudson , B. 2006 . Beyond white man’s justice: Race, gender and justice in late modernity . Theoretical Criminology , 10 ( 1 ) : 29 – 47 .
  • Jackson , M. 1995a . “ Justice and political power: Re-asserting Mãori legal processes ” . In Legal pluralism and the colonial legacy , Edited by: Hazlehurst , K. 243 – 265 . Avebury : Aldershot .
  • Jackson , M. 1995b . “ Cultural justice: A colonial contradiction or a rangatiratanga reality? ” . In Rethinking criminal justice , Edited by: McElrea , F. 31 – 45 . Auckland : Auckland Legal Research Foundation .
  • Jackson , M. 1988 . The Mãori and the criminal justice system a new perspective: He Whaipaanga Hou Part 2 , Wellington : Department of Justice .
  • Jackson, M. (2010). Power, law and the privilege of difference. Paper presented at the 4th international indigenous conference on traditional knowledge, Auckland.
  • Jenkins , M. 2004 . “ How do culture, class and gender affect the practice of restorative justice? ” . In Critical issues in restorative justice , Edited by: Zehr , H. and Towes , B. 314 – 326 . Devon : Willan .
  • Johnstone , G. 2002 . Restorative justice reader: Ideas, values, debates , Portland , ME : Willan .
  • Johnstone , G. 2004 . “ How and in what terms should restorative justice be conceived ” . In Critical issues in restorative justice , Edited by: Zehr , H. and Towes , B. 5 – 16 . Devon : Willan .
  • Johnstone , G. and Van Ness , D. 2006 . The handbook of restorative justice , London : Willan .
  • Kesley , J. 1984 . “ Legal imperialism and the colonization of Aotearoa ” . In Tauiwi: Racism and ethnicity in New Zealand , Edited by: Spoonley , P. , MacPherson , C. , Pearson , D. and Sedwick , C. 15 – 44 . Wellington : Dunmore .
  • Laing , P. and Pomare , E. 1994 . Mãori health and the health care reforms . Health Policy , 29 ( 1–2 ) : 143 – 156 .
  • Lee , G. 2005 . “ Defining traditional healing ” . In Justice as healing: Indigenous ways , Edited by: McCaslin , A. 98 – 107 . St. Paul , MN : Living Justice Press .
  • Llewellyn , J. and Howse , R. 1999 . Restorative justice: A conceptual framework , Ottawa : Law Commission of Canada .
  • Luna, E. (2000). Reason and emotion in restorative justice. Paper presented at the New Zealand Institute for Dispute Resolution, Victoria University of Wellington Faculty of Law.
  • Lundy , P. and McGovern , M. 2008 . “ The role of community in participatory transitional justice ” . In Transitional justice from below: Grassroots activism and the struggle for change , Edited by: McEvoy , K. and McGregor , L. 99 – 120 . Oxford : Hart .
  • MacGinty, R. (2008). Indigenous peace-making vs liberal peace. Journal of the Nordic International Studies Association, 43(2).
  • MacIntyre , A. 1988 . Whose justice? Which rationality , Notre Dame , IN : Notre Dame University .
  • Magarrell, L. (2007). Outreach to and engagement of victims on reparations: Lessons learned from truth and reconciliation processes. Paper presented at the Reparations for Victims of Genocide, Crimes Against Humanity and War Crimes: Systems in Place and Systems in the Making, The Hague.
  • Mane, J. (2009). Kaupapa Mãori: A community approach. MAI Review, 3(3).
  • Mansfield , N. 2000 . Subjectivity: Theories of the self from Freud to Haraway , New York , NY : New York University Press .
  • Marae-Based Youth Court. (2009, March 14). Youth Transition Newsletter.
  • Marchetti, E., & Daly, K. (2004). Indigenous courts and justice practices in Australia. Trends and Issues no. 244, Australian Institute of Criminology. Retrieved from http://www.aic.gov.au/documents/0/8/3/%7B08326CEA-3B11-4759-A25B-02C1764BCB8A%7Dtandi277.pdf
  • Markel , D. 2011 . “ What might retributive justice be? An argument for the confrontational conception of retributivism ” . In Retributivism , Edited by: White , M. 49 – 72 . New York , NY : Oxford University Press .
  • Marshall , T. 1996 . Criminal mediation in Great Britain . European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research , 4 ( 4 ) : 37 – 53 .
  • Marshall , T. 1999 . Restorative justice: An overview , London : Research Development and Statistic Directorate .
  • Matua , M. 2001 . Savage, victims, saviors: The metaphor of human rights . Harvard International Law Journal , 41 ( 1 ) : 201 – 246 .
  • Maxwell , G. 2005 . “ Achieving effective outcomes in youth justice: Implications of new research for principles, policy and practice ” . In New directions in restorative justice: Issues practice and evaluation , Edited by: Elliott , E. and Gordon , R. 53 – 74 . Portland , OR : Willan .
  • Maxwell , G. and Morris , A. 2006 . Youth justice in New Zealand: Restorative justice in practice? . Journal of Social Issues , 62 ( 2 ) : 239 – 258 .
  • McCaslin , A. 2005 . Justice as healing: Indigenous ways , St. Paul , MN : Living Justice Press .
  • McCold , P. and Watchel , B. 2003 . “ Community is not a place: A new look at community justice initiatives ” . In Restorative justice reader: Ideas, values, debates , Edited by: Johnstone , G. 294 – 302 . London : Willan .
  • McElrea , F. 1998 . The New Zealand model of family group conferencing . European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research , 6 ( 4 ) : 527 – 543 .
  • McElrea , F. 2004 . “ Justice in the community: The New Zealand experience ” . In Relational justice: Repairing the breach , Edited by: Burnside , J. and Baker , N. 93 – 104 . Winchester : Waterside .
  • McIntosh , T. 2005 . “ Mãori identities: Fixed, fluid, forced ” . In New Zealand identities: Departures and destinations , Edited by: Lui , J. , McCreanor , T. McIntosh , T. 38 – 51 . Wellington : Victoria University Press .
  • McKay , A. 1872 . A compendium of official documents relative to native affairs in the South Island , Wellington : Government of New Zealand .
  • McLaughlin , E. , Fergusson , R. , Hughes , G. and Westmarland , L. 2003 . Restorative justice: Critical issues , London : Sage .
  • Mead , H.M. 2003 . Tikanga Mãori: Living by Mãori values , Wellington : Huia .
  • Melton , A.P. 2005 . “ Indigenous justice systems and tribal society ” . In Justice as healing: Indigenous ways , Edited by: McCaslin , A. 108 – 120 . St. Paul , MN : Living Justice Press .
  • Menkel-Meadow , C. 2007 . Restorative justice: What is it and does it work? . Annual Review of Law and, Social Sciences , 3 : 161 – 187 .
  • Meredith , P. 1998 . Seeing the ‘Mãori subject’: Some discussion points , Hamilton : Te Matahauariki Institute at the University of Waikato .
  • Metge , J. 1995 . New growth from old: The whanau in the modern world , Wellington : Victoria University Press .
  • Metge , J. 1996 . Custom law guideline project: Commentary on judge Durie’s custom law , Wellington : The New Zealand Law Commission .
  • Ministry of Health. (1998). Whãia Te Whanaungatanga: Oranga Whãnau the wellbeing of whänau: The Public Health Issues. Wellington. Retrieved from http://www.moh.govt.nz/moh.nsf/pagesmh/1390?Open
  • Moewaka Barnes, H. (2006). Kaupapa Mãori: Explaining the ordinary. In Whariki Research Group (Eds.), Auckland: Alcohol & Public Health Research Unit, The University of Auckland.
  • Monture Okanee , P. 1994 . “ Thinking about aboriginal justice: Myths and revolution ” . In Continuing Poundmaker’s & Riel’s Quest , Edited by: Gosse , J. , Youngblood , J. and Carter , R. 221 – 229 . Saskatoon : Purich .
  • Morris , H. 1968 . Persons and punishment . The Monist , 52 : 475 – 501 .
  • Morris , R. 1994 . A practical path to transformative justice , Toronto : Rittenhouse .
  • Morris , A. and Maxwell , G. 1998 . Restorative justice in New Zealand: Family group conferences as a case study . Western Criminology Review , 1 ( 1 )
  • Moser , C. and Clark , F. 2001 . Victims, perpetrators or actors? Gender, armed conflict and political violence , New York , NY : Zed Books .
  • Mulgan , R. 1996 . Commentary of Chief Judge Durie’s custom law paper from the perspective of a Pakeha political scientist , Auckland : The New Zealand Law Commission .
  • Napoleon , V. 2004 . “ By whom and by what processes is restorative justice defined and what bias might this introduce? ” . In Critical Issues in Restorative Justice , Edited by: Zehr , H. and Towes , B. 33 – 45 . Monsey , NY : Criminal Justice Press .
  • New Zealand Parliament. (2009, September 24). Youth court-Manurewa Marae. Questions for Oral Answer at The House of Representatives. Retrieved September 3, 2010, from http://www.parliament.nz/en-NZ/PB/Business/QOA/4/d/e/49HansQ_20090924_00000010-10-Youth-Court-Manurewa-Marae.htm
  • New Zealand Police. (2010). Punishment should fit the offender as well as the crime. Retrieved August 3, 2010, from https://admin.police.govt.nz/blog/2010/03/10/punishment-should-fit-offender-well-crime/22589
  • Norrie , A. 1999 . “ From law to popular justice: Beyond antinomianism ” . In Laws of the postcolonial , Edited by: Darian-Smith , E. and Fitzpatrick , P. 249 – 276 . Ann Arbor , MI : University of Michigan Press .
  • Olsen , T. , Maxwell , G. and Morris , A. 1995 . “ Mãori and youth justice in New Zealand ” . In Popular justice and community regeneration: Pathways of Indigenous reform , Edited by: Hazlehurst , K. 45 – 66 . London : Praeger .
  • Patterson , J. 1992 . Exploring Mãori values , Palmerston : Dunmore Press .
  • Peachey, D. (1988). Victim/Offender mediation: The Kitchener experiment. In M. Wright & B. Galaway (Eds.), Mediation in criminal justice. London: Sage.
  • Pratt, J. (1992). Punishment in a perfect society. The New Zealand penal system 1840–1939. Wellington: Victoria University Press.
  • Quince , K. 2007a . “ Mãori disputes and their resolutions ” . In Dispute resolution in New Zealand , Edited by: Spiller , P. Auckland : Oxford University Press .
  • Quince , K. 2007b . “ Mãori and the criminal justice system in New Zealand ” . In The New Zealand criminal justice system , Edited by: Tolmie , J. and Brookbanks , W. 1 – 26 . Auckland : LexisNexis .
  • Robert , J. 1999 . Mãori customary laws and institutions , Hamilton : Te Matahauariki Institute at the University of Waikato .
  • Robert, J & Bennion, T. (2002). Mãori values and Tikanga consultation under the Rma 1991 and the Local Government Bill: Possible ways forward. Paper presented at the inaugural Mãori legal forum conference, Wellington.
  • Roche , D. 2004 . Accountability in restorative justice , Oxford : Oxford University Press .
  • Ross , R. 2006 . Returning to the teachings: Exploring aboriginal justice , Toronto : Penguin .
  • Ross, R. (2009). Heartsong: Exploring emotional suppression and disconnection in aboriginal Canada. Discussion paper. Retrieved from http://www.support4northernkids.ca/uploaded/Heartsong%20Final.pdf
  • Ross, R. (2010). Exploring criminal justice and the aboriginal paradigm. Discussion paper. Retrieved from http://www.lsuc.on.ca/media/third_colloquium_rupert_ross.pdf
  • Rudin , J. 2006 . “ Aboriginal justice and restorative justice ” . In New directions in restorative justice: Issues practice and evaluation , Edited by: Elliott , E. and Gordon , R. 89 – 114 . Devon : Willan .
  • Russel , B. 1996 . Collaborative research stories: Whakawhanaungatanga , Palmerston North : Dunmore Press .
  • Salmond , A. 1975 . Hui: A study of Mãori ceremonial gatherings , Wellington : A.H & A.W. Reed .
  • Sawatsky , J. 2009 . The ethic of traditional communities and the spirit of healing justice , London : Kingsley .
  • Seed-Pihama , J. 2005 . Mãori ancestral sayings: A judicial role , Hamilton : Te Matahauariki Institute at the University of Waikato .
  • Sharp , A. 1997 . Justice and the Mãori: The philosophy and practice of Mãori claims in New Zealand since the 1970s , London : Oxford University Press .
  • Sharpe , S. 2004 . “ How large should the restorative justice tent be? ” . In Critical issues in restorative justice , Edited by: Zehr , H. and Towes , B. 17 – 32 . Devon : Willan .
  • Stafford , C. 1995 . “ Colonialism, Indigenous peoples and the criminal justice systems of Australia and Canada: Some comparisons ” . In Legal pluralism and the colonial legacy , Edited by: Hazlehurst , K. 221 – 245 . Aldershot : Avebury .
  • Staub , E. 2004 . Justice, healing, and reconciliation: How the people’s courts in Rwanda can promote them . Peace and Conflict: Journal of Peace Psychology , 10 ( 1 ) : 303 – 337 .
  • Strang , H. and Braithwaite , J. 2001 . Restorative justice and civil society , Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
  • Sullivan , D. and Tifft , L. 2006 . Handbook of restorative justice: A global perspective , London : Routledge .
  • Taiaiake Alfred, G. (2009). Colonialism and state dependency. Journal of Aboriginal Health, [online journal]. Retrieved from http://www.naho.ca/jah/english/jah05_02/V5_I2_Colonialism_02.pdf
  • Tangata Whenua-Mãori News and Indigenous Views. (2010, August 24). Rangitahi courts initiative. Retrieved August 28, 2010, from http://news.tangatawhenua.com/archives/6844
  • Tauri , J. 2004 . Evaluation for Mãori: Guidelines for government agencies , Wellington : Ministry of Mãori Development .
  • Tauri , J. 2005 . “ Family group conferencing: The myth of Indigenous empowerment in New Zealand ” . In Justice as healing: Indigenous ways , Edited by: McCaslin , A. 313 – 323 . St. Paul , MN : Living Justice Press .
  • Tauri , J. and Morris , A. 2003 . “ Re-forming justice: The potential of Mãori processes ” . In Restorative justice: Critical issues , Edited by: McLaughlin , E. , Fergusson , R. , Hughes , G. and Westmarland , L. 44 – 54 . London : The Open University .
  • Te Ataotu Macdonald , L. and Muldooni , P. 2006 . Globalization, neo-liberalism and the struggle for Indigenous citizenship . Australian Journal of Political Science , 41 ( 2 ) : 209 – 223 .
  • The Aboriginal Healing Foundation. (n.d.). Retrieved November 9, 2009, from http:///www.ahf.ca/about-us/mission
  • The Law Reform of Western Australia. (2006). Aboriginal customary laws: The interaction of Western Australian law with aboriginal law and culture. Perth. Retrieved from http://www.lrc.justice.wa.gov.au/094-FR.html
  • The Ministry of Justice of New Zealand. (2002, April). Youth offending strategy. Retrieved from http://www.justice.govt.nz/policy/crime-prevention/youth-justice/youth-offending-strategy
  • The Ministry of Justice of New Zealand. (2004). Restorative justice in New Zealand: Best practices. Wellington. Retrieved from http://www.justice.govt.nz/publications/global-publications/r/restorative-justice-in-new-zealand-best-practice
  • The New Zealand Law Commission. (2001). Mãori custom and values in New Zealand law. Wellington. Retrieved from http://www.vanuatu.usp.ac.fj/library/Online/USP%20Only/Customary%20Law/Maori.pdf
  • The New Zealand Law Commission. (2006). Converging currents: Custom and human rights in the Pacific. Wellington.
  • The United Nations Secretariat. (2008). United Nations peacekeeping operations: Principles and guidelines. Retrieved from http://www.peacekeepingbestpractices.unlb.org/pbps/library/capstone_doctrine_eng.pdf
  • The United Nations Secretariat. (2009). Guidance note of the Secretary-General on democracy. Retrieved from http://www.un.org/democracyfund/Docs/UNSG%20Guidance%20Note%20on%20Democracy.pdf
  • The Youth Court of New Zealand. (n.d.). (a) Overview of youth justice principles and processes. Retrieved June 4, 2010, from http://www.justice.govt.nz/courts/youth/about-the-youth-court/overview-of-principles-and-process
  • The Youth Court of New Zealand. (n.d.). (b) Family group conference. Retrieved May 12, 2010, from http://www.justice.govt.nz/courts/youth/about-the-youth-court/family-group-conference
  • Thomas , N. 2005 . “ Mãori justice – the Marae as a forum for justice ” . In Justice as healing: Indigenous ways , Edited by: McCaslin , A. 134 – 140 . St. Paul , MN : Living Justice Press .
  • Triggs , S. 2009 . The New Zealand court referred restorative justice pilot: Evaluation 2005 , Wellington : Evaluation Crime and Justice Research Centre of Victoria University .
  • Tuhiwai Smith , L. 1999 . Decolonizing methodologies: Research and indigenous peoples , New York , NY : Palgrave .
  • Tuhiwai Smith , L. 2007 . “ The Native and neoliberal down under: Neoliberalism and endangered authenticities ” . In Indigenous experience today , Edited by: De la Cardena , M. and Starn , O. 333 – 354 . New York , NY : Berg .
  • Turnbull , C. 1984 . The individual, community and society: Rights and responsibilities from an anthropological perspective . Washington Law Review , 41 : 77 – 132 .
  • Turner , D. 2006 . This is not a peace pipe: Towards a critical indigenous philosophy , Toronto : University of Toronto Press .
  • UNDP. (2004). Access to justice. Practice Note (9/3/2004). Retrieved from http://www.undp.org/governance/docs/Justice_PN_English.pdf
  • United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. (2006). Handbook on restorative justice programmes. New York, NY.
  • United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. (2008). Peacebuilding commission working group on lessons learned justice in times of transition. New York, NY.
  • United Nations Security Council. (2004). Report of the Secretary-General on the rule of law and transitional justice in conflict and post-conflict societies. (S/2004/616).
  • Van Ness , D. and Strong , K. 1997 . Restoring justice , Cincinnati , OH : Anderson .
  • Vieille, S. (2011). Rethinking justice in transitional justice: An examination of the Mãori conception and customary mechanism of justice (PhD thesis), London, ON: The University of Western Ontario.
  • Vieille, S. (2012). Mãori customary law: A relational approach to justice. The International Indigenous Policy Journal, 3(1).
  • Ward , A. 1993 . Historical claims under the Treaty of Waitangi: Avenue of reconciliation or source of new divisions? . The Journal of Pacific History , 28 ( 2 ) : 181 – 203 .
  • Weitekamp , E. 2003 . “ The history of restorative justice ” . In Restorative justice reader: Ideas, values, debates , Edited by: Johnstone , G. 96 – 121 . Devon : Willan .
  • Williams , C. 2001 . The too-hard basket: Mãori and criminal justice since 1980 , Wellington : Institute of Policy of Victoria University .
  • Williams, J. (2001). The Mãori land court: A separate legal system? Paper presented at the Faculty of Law and the New Zealand Centre for Public Law, University of Wellington.
  • Zartman , W. 2000 . Traditional cures for modern conflicts , London : Lynne Rienner .
  • Zehr , H. 2002 . The little book of restorative justice , Scottdale , PA : Good Books .
  • Zellerer , E. and Cunneen , C. 2001 . “ Restorative justice, Indigenous justice and human rights ” . In Restorative community justice: Repairing harm and transforming communities , Edited by: Bazemore , G. and Schiff , M. 245 – 264 . Cincinnati , OH : Anderson Press .
  • Zion , J. 2005 . “ Punishment versus healing: How does traditional Indian law work? ” . In Justice as healing: Indigenous ways , Edited by: McCaslin , A. 68 – 72 . St. Paul , MN : Living Justice Press .

Interviews

  • Anonymous. (2010, June 13). Interview with community member, Rotorua.
  • Anonymous. (2010, June 28). Interview with community member, Auckland.
  • Anonymous. (2010, May 28). Interview with court worker, Auckland.
  • Anonymous. (2010, June 13). Interview with a Kaumatua, Rotorua.
  • Anonymous. (2010, June 29). Interview with a Marae Trustee.
  • Anonymous. (2010, June 28). Interview with a probations officer, Auckland.
  • Anonymous. (2010, June 27). Interview with a representative from the Ngati Whatua Trust, Auckland.
  • Anonymous. (2010, May 12). Interview with Executive Member of Nga Tauira Mãori Auckland Mãori Student Association, Auckland.
  • Anonymous. (2010, May 20). Interview with former lawyer and law Professor, Auckland.
  • Anonymous. (2010, June 9). Interview with former offender, Auckland.
  • Anonymous. (2010, May 14). Interview with member of Auckland Mãori Regional Tourism Organization, Auckland.
  • Anonymous. (2010, May 13). Interview with a member from the Mãori Student Association, the University of Auckland, Auckland.
  • Anonymous. (2010, June 30). Interview with member of staff at Auckland University of Technology (AUT), Auckland.
  • Anonymous. (2010, May 18). Interview with member of the UN Forum on Indigenous Issues, Auckland.
  • Anonymous. (2010, May 14). Interview with Professor of Mãori Studies, the University of Auckland, Auckland.
  • Anonymous. (2010, May 17). Interview with schoolteacher, Otara.
  • Anonymous. (2010, May 17). Interview with schoolteacher and head of Mãori department, Otara.
  • Anonymous. (2010, July 22). Interview with social worker, Auckland.
  • Anonymous. (2010, May 7). Interview with student, the University of Auckland, Auckland.
  • Anonymous. (2010, May 13). Interview with student, the University of Auckland, Auckland.
  • Anonymous. (2010, May 26). Interview with student, the University of Auckland, Auckland.
  • Anonymous. (2010, June 28). Interview with student, the University of Auckland, Auckland.
  • Anonymous. (2010, May 13). Interview with student and member of the Mãori Student Association, the University of Auckland, Auckland.
  • Brewin, M. (2010, June 4). Research Programming Leader, The National Institute of Research Excellence for Mãori Development and Advancement, interview with author, Auckland.
  • Chant, L. (2010, May 10). Professor of Mãori Studies, the University of Auckland, interview with author, Auckland.
  • Hohaia, K. (2010, May 10). Auckland youth and Resource Management student, the University of Auckland, interview with author, Auckland.
  • Jones, K. (2010, July 1). Professor in Management, Auckland University of Technology, interview with author, Auckland.
  • Kãtene, R. (2010, May 31). Member of the New Zealand Parliament and Mãori Party, interview with author, Wellington.
  • Naera, A. (2010, June 30). Programme Director Equity, Kaiwhakahaere Kaupapa Mãori, Auckland University of Technology (AUT), interview with author, Auckland.
  • Papa, M. (2010, June 28). South Auckland community member, interview with author, Auckland.
  • Royal, C. (2010, May 11). Director of The National Institute of Research Excellence for Mãori Development and Advancement, interview with author, Auckland.
  • Williams, A. (2010, May 10). Auckland youth and law student at the University of Auckland, interview with author, Auckland.
  • Williams, H. (2010, June 18). Kaumatua and Manukau City Councelor, interview with author, Auckland.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.