4,661
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
REVIEW ARTICLE

Plant-based proteins: advanced extraction technologies, interactions, physicochemical and functional properties, food and related applications, and health benefits

, ORCID Icon, , & ORCID Icon

References

  • Abbas, Y., and A. Ahmad. 2018. Impact of processing on nutritional and antinutritional factors of legumes: A review. Annals: Food Science & Technology 19:199–215.
  • Abdelshafy, A. M., E. A. El-Naggar, and M. N. Kenawi. 2022a. Moringa leaves for improving the health benefits of quinoa fermented by probiotics. Food Bioengineering 1 (3–4):264–75. doi: 10.1002/fbe2.12035.
  • Abdelshafy, A. M., E. A. El-Naggar, and M. N. Kenawi. 2022b. Enhancing of nutritional properties of quinoa fermented by probiotics. Discover Food 2 (1):21. doi: 10.1007/s44187-022-00022-8.
  • Abugoch, L. E., N. Romero, C. A. Tapia, J. Silva, and M. Rivera. 2008. Study of Some Physicochemical and Functional Properties of Quinoa (Chenopodium Quinoa Willd) Protein Isolates. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 56 (12):4745–50. doi: 10.1021/jf703689u.
  • Al-Gaby, A. M. A. 1998. Amino acid composition and biological effects of supplementing broad bean and corn proteins with Nigella sativa(black cumin) cake protein. Nahrung / Food 42 (05):290–4. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1521-3803(199810)42:05 < 290::AID-FOOD290 > 3.0.CO;2-Y.
  • Al-Ruwaih, N., J. Ahmed, M. F. Mulla, and Y. A. Arfat. 2019. High-pressure assisted enzymatic proteolysis of kidney beans protein isolates and characterization of hydrolysates by functional, structural, rheological and antioxidant properties. Lwt 100:231–6. doi: 10.1016/j.lwt.2018.10.074.
  • Alu’datt, M. H., T. Rababah, M. N. Alhamad, S. Gammoh, K. Ereifej, S. Kubow, and I. Alli. 2016. Characterization and antioxidant activities of phenolic interactions identified in byproducts of soybean and flaxseed protein isolation. Food Hydrocolloids. 61:119–27. doi: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2016.05.002.
  • Amagliani, L., J. O'Regan, A. L. Kelly, and J. A. O'Mahony. 2017. The composition, extraction, functionality and applications of rice proteins: A review. Trends in Food Science & Technology 64:1–12. doi: 10.1016/j.tifs.2017.01.008.
  • Ampofo, J., and M. Ngadi. 2022. Ultrasound-assisted processing: Science, technology and challenges for the plant-based protein industry. Ultrasonics Sonochemistry 84:105955. doi: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2022.105955.
  • Andersen, P. C., K. Hill, D. W. Gorbet, and B. V. Brodbeck. 1998. Fatty Acid and Amino Acid Profiles of Selected Peanut Cultivars and Breeding Lines. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis 11 (2):100–11. doi: 10.1006/jfca.1998.0565.
  • Arise, A. K., D. O. Opaleke, K. O. Salami, G. V. Awolola, and D. F. Akinboro. 2020. Physico-chemical and sensory properties of a cheese-like product from the blend of soymilk and almond milk. Agrosearch 19 (2):54–63. doi: 10.4314/agrosh.v19i2.5.
  • Aryee, F. N. A., and M. T. Nickerson. 2014. Effect of pH, biopolymer mixing ratio and salts on the formation and stability of electrostatic complexes formed within mixtures of lentil protein isolate and anionic polysaccharides (κ-carrageenan and gellan gum. International Journal of Food Science & Technology 49 (1):65–71. doi: 10.1111/ijfs.12275.
  • Audu, S. S., and M. O. Aremu. 2011. Nutritional composition of raw and processed pinto bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) grown in Nigeria. Journal of Food, Agriculture & Environment 9:72–80. doi: 10.1234/4.2011.2226.
  • Aydar, E. F., Z. Mertdinç, E. Demircan, S. Koca Çetinkaya, and B. Özçelik. 2023. Kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) milk substitute as a novel plant-based drink: Fatty acid profile, antioxidant activity, in-vitro phenolic bio-accessibility and sensory characteristics. Innovative Food Science & Emerging Technologies 83:103254. doi: 10.1016/j.ifset.2022.103254.
  • Baloyi, J. T., J. Taylor, and J. R. N. Taylor. 2023. Bioplastic film making properties of quality protein maize (QPM) zein. Cereal Chemistry 100 (4):805–15. doi: 10.1002/cche.10665.
  • Banach, J. L., J. P. van der Berg, G. Kleter, H. van Bokhorst-van de Veen, S. Bastiaan-Net, L. Pouvreau, and E. D. van Asselt. 2022. Alternative proteins for meat and dairy replacers: Food safety and future trends. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition 1–18. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2089625.
  • Basha, S. M. 1992. Effect of location and season on peanut seed protein and polypeptide composition. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 40 (10):1784–8. doi: 10.1021/jf00022a011.
  • Bedin, S., F. M. Netto, N. Bragagnolo, and O. P. Taranto. 2020. Reduction of the process time in the achieve of rice bran protein through ultrasound-assisted extraction and microwave-assisted extraction. Separation Science and Technology 55 (2):300–12. doi: 10.1080/01496395.2019.1577449.
  • Bian, X., T.-L. Xing, Y. Yang, J. Fan, C.-M. Ma, X.-F. Liu, Y. Wang, Y.-Y. He, L.-D. Wang, B. Wang, et al. 2023. Effect of soy protein isolate on physical properties of quinoa dough and gluten-free bread quality characteristics. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 103 (1):118–24. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.12118.
  • Bohrer, B. M. 2019. An investigation of the formulation and nutritional composition of modern meat analogue products. Food Science and Human Wellness 8 (4):320–9. doi: 10.1016/j.fshw.2019.11.006.
  • Bou, R., P. Navarro-Vozmediano, R. Domínguez, M. López-Gómez, M. Pinent, A. Ribas-Agustí, J. J. Benedito, J. M. Lorenzo, X. Terra, J. V. García-Pérez, et al. 2022. Application of emerging technologies to obtain legume protein isolates with improved techno-functional properties and health effects. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety 21 (3):2200–32. doi: 10.1111/1541-4337.12936.
  • Cabral, E. M., M. M. Poojary, M. N. Lund, J. Curtin, M. Fenelon, and B. K. Tiwari. 2022. Effect of solvent composition on the extraction of proteins from hemp oil processing stream. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 102 (14):6293–8. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.11979.
  • Carranza, T., P. Guerrero, K. d l Caba, and A. Etxabide. 2023. Texture-modified soy protein foods: 3D printing design and red cabbage effect. Food Hydrocolloids. 145:109141. doi: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2023.109141.
  • Cassini, A. S., I. C. Tessaro, L. D. F. Marczak, and C. Pertile. 2010. Ultrafiltration of wastewater from isolated soy protein production: A comparison of three UF membranes. Journal of Cleaner Production 18 (3):260–5. doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2009.10.016.
  • Chang, L., Y. Lan, N. Bandillo, J.-B. Ohm, B. Chen, and J. Rao. 2022. Plant proteins from green pea and chickpea: Extraction, fractionation, structural characterization and functional properties. Food Hydrocolloids. 123:107165. doi: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2021.107165.
  • Chauhan, A., D. C. Saxena, and S. Singh. 2015. Total dietary fibre and antioxidant activity of gluten free cookies made from raw and germinated amaranth (Amaranthus spp.) flour. LWT - Food Science and Technology 63 (2):939–45. doi: 10.1016/j.lwt.2015.03.115.
  • Chen, D., O. G. Jones, and O. H. Campanella. 2023. Plant protein-based fibers: Fabrication, characterization, and potential food applications. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition 63 (20):4554–78. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2021.2004991.
  • Chen, J., T. Mu, D. Goffin, C. Blecker, G. Richard, A. Richel, and E. Haubruge. 2019. Application of soy protein isolate and hydrocolloids based mixtures as promising food material in 3D food printing. Journal of Food Engineering 261:76–86. doi: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2019.03.016.
  • Chen, J., H. Sun, T. Mu, C. Blecker, A. Richel, G. Richard, N. Jacquet, E. Haubruge, and D. Goffin. 2022a. Effect of temperature on rheological, structural, and textural properties of soy protein isolate pastes for 3D food printing. Journal of Food Engineering 323:110917. doi: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2021.110917.
  • Chen, Y., Y. Li, S. Qin, S. Han, and H. Qi. 2022b. Antimicrobial, UV blocking, water-resistant and degradable coatings and packaging films based on wheat gluten and lignocellulose for food preservation. Composites Part B: Engineering 238:109868. doi: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2022.109868.
  • Chen, Y., H. Zhang, R. Liu, L. Mats, H. Zhu, K. P. Pauls, Z. Deng, and R. Tsao. 2019. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory polyphenols and peptides of common bean (Phaseolus vulga L.) milk and yogurt in Caco-2 and HT-29 cell models. Journal of Functional Foods 53:125–35. doi: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.12.013.
  • Coffmann, C. W., and V. V. Garciaj. 2007. Functional properties and amino acid content of a protein isolate from mung bean flour*. International Journal of Food Science & Technology 12 (5):473–84. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.1977.tb00132.x.
  • Corrêa, J. A. F., A. G. Evangelista, T. d M. Nazareth, and F. B. Luciano. 2019. Fundamentals on the molecular mechanism of action of antimicrobial peptides. Materialia 8:100494. doi: 10.1016/j.mtla.2019.100494.
  • Cuq, B., F. Boutrot, A. Redl, and V. Lullien-Pellerin. 2000. Study of the temperature effect on the formation of wheat gluten network: Influence on mechanical properties and protein solubility. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 48 (7):2954–9. doi: 10.1021/jf991339b.
  • D'Alessio, G., F. Flamminii, M. Faieta, R. Prete, A. Di Michele, P. Pittia, and C. D. Di Mattia. 2023. High pressure homogenization to boost the technological functionality of native pea proteins. Current Research in Food Science 6:100499. doi: 10.1016/j.crfs.2023.100499.
  • da Silva, L. R., J. I. Velasco, and F. M. Fakhouri. 2023. Use of rice on the development of plant-based milk with antioxidant properties: From raw material to residue. Lwt 173:114271. doi: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.114271.
  • de Figueiredo, V. R. G., F. Yamashita, A. L. L. Vanzela, E. I. Ida, and L. E. Kurozawa. 2018. Action of multi-enzyme complex on protein extraction to obtain a protein concentrate from okara. Journal of Food Science and Technology 55 (4):1508–17. doi: 10.1007/s13197-018-3067-4.
  • Di Domenico Ziero, H., L. S. Buller, A. Mudhoo, L. Castro Ampese, S. I. Mussatto, and T. Forster Carneiro. 2020. An overview of subcritical and supercritical water treatment of different biomasses for protein and amino acids production and recovery. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering 8 (5):104406. doi: 10.1016/j.jece.2020.104406.
  • Ding, Y., Q. Ban, Y. Wu, Y. Sun, Z. Zhou, Q. Wang, J. Cheng, and H. Xiao. 2023. Effect of high hydrostatic pressure on the edible quality, health and safety attributes of plant-based foods represented by cereals and legumes: A review. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition 63 (20):4636–54. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2021.2005531.
  • Doublier, J. L., C. Garnier, D. Renard, and C. Sanchez. 2000. Protein–polysaccharide interactions. Current Opinion in Colloid & Interface Science 5 (3-4):202–14. doi: 10.1016/S1359-0294(00)00054-6.
  • Du, C., Z. Wang, and Z. Zheng. 2023. The preparation of plant-based milk substitutes with antioxidant properties using soybean protein isolate and curcumin composite nanoparticles. Lwt 182:114780. doi: 10.1016/j.lwt.2023.114780.
  • Eckert, E., J. Han, K. Swallow, Z. Tian, M. Jarpa-Parra, and L. Chen. 2019. Effects of enzymatic hydrolysis and ultrafiltration on physicochemical and functional properties of faba bean protein. Cereal Chemistry 96 (4):725–41. doi: 10.1002/cche.10169.
  • Elsohaimy, S. A., T. M. Refaay, and M. A. M. Zaytoun. 2015. Physicochemical and functional properties of quinoa protein isolate. Annals of Agricultural Sciences 60 (2):297–305. doi: 10.1016/j.aoas.2015.10.007.
  • Fawzi, N. Y., D. Y. Abdelghani, M. A. Abdel-Azim, C. G. Shokier, M. W. Youssef, M. K. Gad El-Rab, A. I. Gad, and K. A. Abou-Taleb. 2022. The ability of probiotic lactic acid bacteria to ferment Egyptian broken rice milk and produce rice-based yoghurt. Annals of Agricultural Sciences 67 (1):107–18. doi: 10.1016/j.aoas.2022.06.004.
  • Feyzi, S., M. Varidi, F. Zare, and M. J. Varidi. 2015. Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum) seed protein isolate: Extraction optimization, amino acid composition, thermo and functional properties. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 95 (15):3165–76. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.7056.
  • Filho, A. M. M., M. R. Pirozi, J. T. D. S. Borges, H. M. Pinheiro Sant’Ana, J. B. P. Chaves, and J. S. D. R. Coimbra. 2017. Quinoa: Nutritional, functional, and antinutritional aspects. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition 57 (8):1618–30. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2014.1001811.
  • Flores-Sosa, Á. R., E. N. Aquino-Bolaños, A. Cardador-Martínez, J. L. Chávez-Servia, A. M. Vera-Guzmán, J. C. Carrillo-Rodríguez, and J. E. A. Jiménez. 2020. Variation in protein and amino acids content among landraces of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture 32:750–60. doi: 10.9755/ejfa.2020.v32.i10.2175.
  • Fu, D., S. Deng, D. J. McClements, L. Zhou, L. Zou, J. Yi, C. Liu, and W. Liu. 2019. Encapsulation of β-carotene in wheat gluten nanoparticle-xanthan gum-stabilized Pickering emulsions: Enhancement of carotenoid stability and bioaccessibility. Food Hydrocolloids. 89:80–9. doi: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2018.10.032.
  • Gentile, L. 2020. Protein–polysaccharide interactions and aggregates in food formulations. Current Opinion in Colloid & Interface Science 48:18–27. doi: 10.1016/j.cocis.2020.03.002.
  • Graça, J., C. A. Godinho, and M. Truninger. 2019. Reducing meat consumption and following plant-based diets: Current evidence and future directions to inform integrated transitions. Trends in Food Science & Technology 91:380–90. doi: 10.1016/j.tifs.2019.07.046.
  • Günal-Köroğlu, D., J. M. Lorenzo, and E. Capanoglu. 2023. Plant-Based Protein-Phenolic Interactions: Effect on different matrices and in vitro gastrointestinal digestion. Food Research International (Ottawa, Ont.) 173 (Pt 1):113269. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113269.
  • Guzmán-Lorite, M., M. L. Marina, and M. C. García. 2022. Successive extraction using natural deep eutectic solvents and pressurized liquids for a greener and holistic recovery of proteins from pomegranate seeds. Food Research International (Ottawa, Ont.) 161:111862. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111862.
  • Guzmán‐Maldonado, S. H., J. Acosta-Gallegos, and O. Paredes‐López. 2000. Protein and mineral content of a novel collection of wild and weedy common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L). Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 80 (13):1874–81. doi: 10.1002/1097-0010(200010)80:13 < 1874::AID-JSFA722 > 3.0.CO;2-X.
  • Hadidi, M., F. Aghababaei, and D. J. McClements. 2023. Enhanced alkaline extraction techniques for isolating and modifying plant-based proteins. Food Hydrocolloids. 145:109132. doi: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2023.109132.
  • Hadidi, M., J. C. Orellana Palacios, D. J. McClements, M. Mahfouzi, and A. Moreno. 2023. Alfalfa as a sustainable source of plant-based food proteins. Trends in Food Science & Technology 135:202–14. doi: 10.1016/j.tifs.2023.03.023.
  • Halim, J. K., G. H. Wangrimen, and A. Fitriani. 2022. Production of coconut milk cheese and its organoleptic characteristics. Journal of Agri-Food Science and Technology 3 (1):1–9. doi: 10.12928/jafost.v3i1.6219.
  • Hendawey, M. H., and A. M. A. Younes. 2013. Biochemical evaluation of some faba bean cultivars under rainfed conditions at El-Sheikh Zuwayid. Annals of Agricultural Sciences 58 (2):183–93. doi: 10.1016/j.aoas.2013.07.010.
  • Hernández-Corroto, E., M. Plaza, M. L. Marina, and M. C. García. 2020. Sustainable extraction of proteins and bioactive substances from pomegranate peel (Punica granatum L.) using pressurized liquids and deep eutectic solvents. Innovative Food Science & Emerging Technologies 60:102314. doi: 10.1016/j.ifset.2020.102314.
  • Hertzler, S. R., J. C. Lieblein-Boff, M. Weiler, and C. Allgeier. 2020. Plant Proteins: Assessing Their Nutritional Quality and Effects on Health and Physical Function. Nutrients 12 (12):3704. doi: 10.3390/nu12123704.
  • Huang, K., Y. Liu, Y. Zhang, H. Cao, D-k Luo, C. Yi, and X. Guan. 2022. Formulation of plant-based yoghurt from soybean and quinoa and evaluation of physicochemical, rheological, sensory and functional properties. Food Bioscience 49:101831. doi: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101831.
  • Ianovici, I., Y. Zagury, I. Redenski, N. Lavon, and S. Levenberg. 2022. 3D-printable plant protein-enriched scaffolds for cultivated meat development. Biomaterials 284:121487. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121487.
  • Ibrahem, E. S., and G. H. Mohamed. 2021. Effect of different preparatory processes on improving the nutritional value of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa, Willd) and studying its effect on obese Anemic rats. Egyptian Journal of Nutrition and Health 16 (2):71–94. doi: 10.21608/ejnh.2021.239553.
  • Iqbal, A., N. Ateeq, I. A. Khalil, S. Perveen, and S. Saleemullah. 2006. Physicochemical characteristics and amino acid profile of chickpea cultivars grown in Pakistan. Journal of Foodservice 17 (2):94–101. doi: 10.1111/j.1745-4506.2006.00024.x.
  • Jan, N., S. Z. Hussain, B. Naseer, and T. A. Bhat. 2023. Amaranth and quinoa as potential nutraceuticals: A review of anti-nutritional factors, health benefits and their applications in food, medicinal and cosmetic sectors. Food Chemistry: X 18:100687. doi: 10.1016/j.fochx.2023.100687.
  • Jiang, J., L. Shi, Z. Ren, and W. Weng. 2023. Preparation and characterization of soy protein isolate films by pretreatment with cysteine. Food Chemistry: X 18:100735. doi: 10.1016/j.fochx.2023.100735.
  • Jiménez-Rosado, M., L. S. Zarate-Ramírez, A. Romero, C. Bengoechea, P. Partal, and A. Guerrero. 2019. Bioplastics based on wheat gluten processed by extrusion. Journal of Cleaner Production 239:117994. doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.117994.
  • Joshi, S., S. Shah, and K. Kalantar-Zadeh. 2019. Adequacy of Plant-Based Proteins in Chronic Kidney Disease. Journal of Renal Nutrition: The Official Journal of the Council on Renal Nutrition of the National Kidney Foundation 29 (2):112–7. doi: 10.1053/j.jrn.2018.06.006.
  • Juliano, B. O., A. A. Antonio, and B. V. Esmama. 1973. Effects of protein content on the distribution and properties of rice protein. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 24 (3):295–306. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.2740240306.
  • Kalman, D. S. 2014. Amino acid composition of an organic brown rice protein concentrate and isolate compared to soy and whey concentrates and isolates. Foods (Basel, Switzerland) 3 (3):394–402. doi: 10.3390/foods3030394.
  • Kannan, A., N. Hettiarachchy, M. G. Johnson, and R. Nannapaneni. 2008. Human Colon and Liver Cancer Cell Proliferation Inhibition by Peptide Hydrolysates Derived from Heat-Stabilized Defatted Rice Bran. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 56 (24):11643–7. doi: 10.1021/jf802558v.
  • Kobbi, S., R. Balti, A. Bougatef, G. Le Flem, L. Firdaous, M. Bigan, G. Chataigné, S. Chaabouni, P. Dhulster, and N. Nedjar. 2015. Antibacterial activity of novel peptides isolated from protein hydrolysates of RuBisCO purified from green juice alfalfa. Journal of Functional Foods 18:703–13. doi: 10.1016/j.jff.2015.09.007.
  • Koysuren, B., M. H. Oztop, and B. G. Mazi. 2021. Sesame seed as an alternative plant protein source: A comprehensive physicochemical characterisation study for alkaline, salt and enzyme-assisted extracted samples. International Journal of Food Science & Technology 56 (11):5471–84. doi: 10.1111/ijfs.15229.
  • Kritikos, S., K. Papanikolaou, D. Draganidis, A. Poulios, K. Georgakouli, P. Tsimeas, T. Tzatzakis, D. Batsilas, A. Batrakoulis, C. K. Deli, et al. 2021. Effect of whey vs. soy protein supplementation on recovery kinetics following speed endurance training in competitive male soccer players: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 18 (1):23. doi: 10.1186/s12970-021-00420-w.
  • Kumar, M., M. Tomar, J. Potkule, R. Verma, S. Punia, A. Mahapatra, T. Belwal, A. Dahuja, S. Joshi, M. K. Berwal, et al. 2021. Advances in the plant protein extraction: Mechanism and recommendations. Food Hydrocolloids. 115:106595. doi: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2021.106595.
  • Kumar, Manoj, Maharishi Tomar, Sneh Punia, Jyoti Dhakane-Lad, Sangram Dhumal, Sushil Changan, Marisennayya Senapathy, Mukesh K. Berwal, Vellaikumar Sampathrajan, Ali A. S. Sayed, Deepak Chandran, R. Pandiselvam, Nadeem Rais, Dipendra Kumar Mahato, Shashikant Shiddappa Udikeri, Varsha Satankar, T. Anitha, Reetu, Radha, Surinder Singh, Ryszard Amarowicz, and John F. Kennedy. 2022a. “Plant-based proteins and their multifaceted industrial applications.” LWT - Food Science and Technology 154:112620. doi: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.112620.
  • Kumar, S. R., M. B. Sadiq, and A. K. Anal. 2022b. Comparative study of physicochemical and functional properties of soaked, germinated and pressure cooked Faba bean. Journal of Food Science and Technology 59 (1):257–67. doi: 10.1007/s13197-021-05010-x.
  • Langyan, S., R. Bhardwaj, J. Kumari, S. R. Jacob, I. Singh Bisht, S. R. Pandravada, A. Singh, P. B. Singh, Z. A. Dar, A. Kumar, et al. 2022. Nutritional Diversity in Native Germplasm of Maize Collected From Three Different Fragile Ecosystems of India. Frontiers in Nutrition 9:812599. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.812599.
  • Lath, A., A. R. Santal, N. Kaur, P. Kumari, and N. P. Singh. 2023. Anti-cancer peptides: Their current trends in the development of peptide-based therapy and anti-tumor drugs. Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering Reviews 39 (1):45–84. doi: 10.1080/02648725.2022.2082157.
  • Lee, J. H., C. E. Hwang, E. J. Cho, Y. H. Song, S. C. Kim, and K. M. Cho. 2018. Improvement of nutritional components and in vitro antioxidative properties of soy-powder yogurts using Lactobacillus plantarum. Journal of Food and Drug Analysis 26 (3):1054–65. doi: 10.1016/j.jfda.2017.12.003.
  • Li, C., J. Yang, L. Yao, F. Qin, G. Hou, B. Chen, L. Jin, J. Deng, and Y. Shen. 2020a. Characterisation, physicochemical and functional properties of protein isolates from Amygdalus pedunculata Pall seeds. Food Chemistry 311:125888. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125888.
  • Li, C., L. Chen, D. J. McClements, X. Peng, Z. Xu, M. Meng, H. Ji, C. Qiu, J. Long, and Z. Jin. 2023. Encapsulation of polyphenols in protein-based nanoparticles: Preparation, properties, and applications. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition 1–15. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2237126.
  • Li, T., L. Wang, Z. Chen, D. Sun, and Y. Li. 2019. Electron beam irradiation induced aggregation behaviour, structural and functional properties changes of rice proteins and hydrolysates. Food Hydrocolloids. 97:105192. doi: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2019.105192.
  • Li, Z., S. Chu, P. Wang, S. Gao, S. Li, and X. Yu. 2020b. Effects of irradiation treatment on protein structure and digestion characteristics of seed-watermelon (Citrullus lanatus var.) kernel protein. Food Science and Biotechnology 29 (9):1201–11. doi: 10.1007/s10068-020-00777-9.
  • Li, Z., Y. Fan, and J. Xi. 2019a. Recent advances in high voltage electric discharge extraction of bioactive ingredients from plant materials. Food Chemistry 277:246–60. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.10.119.
  • Liang, H.-N., and C.-H. Tang. 2013. pH-dependent emulsifying properties of pea [Pisum sativum (L.)] proteins. Food Hydrocolloids. 33 (2):309–19. doi: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2013.04.005.
  • Lin, M., S. Hong Tay, H. Yang, B. Yang, and H. Li. 2017. Development of eggless cakes suitable for lacto-vegetarians using isolated pea proteins. Food Hydrocolloids. 69:440–9. doi: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2017.03.014.
  • Liu, C., X. Wang, H. Ma, Z. Zhang, W. Gao, and L. Xiao. 2008. Functional properties of protein isolates from soybeans stored under various conditions. Food Chemistry 111 (1):29–37. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.03.040.
  • Liu, Q., J. Cheng, X. Sun, and M. Guo. 2021. Preparation, characterization, and antioxidant activity of zein nanoparticles stabilized by whey protein nanofibrils. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 167:862–70. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.11.043.
  • Liu, Y., X.-Y. Ma, L.-N. Liu, Y.-P. Xie, Y.-J. Ke, Z.-J. Cai, and G.-J. Wu. 2019. Ultrasonic-assisted extraction and functional properties of wampee seed protein. Food Science and Technology 39 (suppl 1):324–31. doi: 10.1590/fst.03918.
  • Liu, Y., K. Huang, Y. Zhang, H. Cao, D-k Luo, C. Yi, and X. Guan. 2023. Manufacture and characterization of a novel dairy-free quinoa yogurt fermented by modified commercial starter with Weissella confusa. Food Chemistry: X 19:100823. doi: 10.1016/j.fochx.2023.100823.
  • Loushigam, G., and A. Shanmugam. 2023. Modifications to functional and biological properties of proteins of cowpea pulse crop by ultrasound-assisted extraction. Ultrasonics Sonochemistry 97:106448. doi: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106448.
  • Lynch, H. M., M. P. Buman, J. M. Dickinson, L. B. Ransdell, C. S. Johnston, and C. M. Wharton. 2020. No Significant Differences in Muscle Growth and Strength Development When Consuming Soy and Whey Protein Supplements Matched for Leucine Following a 12 Week Resistance Training Program in Men and Women: A Randomized Trial. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17 (11):3871. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17113871.
  • Ma, M., Y. Ren, W. Xie, D. Zhou, S. Tang, M. Kuang, Y. Wang, and S-k Du. 2018. Physicochemical and functional properties of protein isolate obtained from cottonseed meal. Food Chemistry 240:856–62. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.08.030.
  • Mala, T., M. B. Sadiq, and A. K. Anal. 2021. Comparative extraction of bromelain and bioactive peptides from pineapple byproducts by ultrasonic- and microwave-assisted extractions. Journal of Food Process Engineering 44 (6):e13709. doi: 10.1111/jfpe.13709.
  • Malik, M. A., H. K. Sharma, and C. S. Saini. 2016. Effect of removal of phenolic compounds on structural and thermal properties of sunflower protein isolate. Journal of Food Science and Technology 53 (9):3455–64. doi: 10.1007/s13197-016-2320-y.
  • Marc, R. A., V. Mureșan, A. E. Mureșan, C. C. Mureșan, A. E. Tanislav, A. Pușcaș, G. S. Marţiș, and R. A. Ungur. 2022. Spicy and Aromatic Plants for Meat and Meat Analogues Applications. Plants (Basel, Switzerland) 11 (7):960. doi: 10.3390/plants11070960.
  • Mattice, K. D., and A. G. Marangoni. 2020. Physical properties of plant-based cheese products produced with zein. Food Hydrocolloids. 105:105746. doi: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2020.105746.
  • Mbithi-Mwikya, S., W. Ooghe, J. Van Camp, D. Ngundi, and A. Huyghebaert. 2000. Amino acid profiles after sprouting, autoclaving, and lactic acid fermentation of finger millet (Eleusine coracan) and kidney beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 48 (8):3081–5. doi: 10.1021/jf0002140.
  • Messina, M. 2016. Soy and Health Update: Evaluation of the Clinical and Epidemiologic Literature. Nutrients 8 (12):754. doi: 10.3390/nu8120754.
  • Mikhaylin, S. 2023. Chapter ten - Impact of high-voltage electrical treatments on the biofunctional properties of proteins and peptides. In Processing of Food Products and Wastes with High Voltage Electrical Discharges, edited by Eugene Vorobiev, Nadia Boussetta and Nikolai Lebovka, 247–61. Academic Press, London, United Kingdom. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-323-95403-7.00003-9.
  • Mirón, I. J., C. Linares, and J. Díaz. 2023. The influence of climate change on food production and food safety. Environmental Research 216 (Pt 3):114674. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114674.
  • Molina, E., A. Papadopoulou, and D. A. Ledward. 2001. Emulsifying properties of high pressure treated soy protein isolate and 7S and 11S globulins. Food Hydrocolloids. 15 (3):263–9. doi: 10.1016/S0268-005X(01)00023-6.
  • Navarro-Lisboa, R., C. Herrera, R. N. Zúñiga, J. Enrione, F. Guzmán, S. Matiacevich, and C. Astudillo-Castro. 2017. Quinoa proteins (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) fractionated by ultrafiltration using ceramic membranes: The role of pH on physicochemical and conformational properties. Food and Bioproducts Processing 102:20–30. doi: 10.1016/j.fbp.2016.11.005.
  • Nazari, B., M. Amin Mohammadifar, S. Shojaee-Aliabadi, E. Feizollahi, and L. Mirmoghtadaie. 2018. Effect of ultrasound treatments on functional properties and structure of millet protein concentrate. Ultrasonics Sonochemistry 41:382–8. doi: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2017.10.002.
  • Ngui, S. P., C. E. Nyobe, C. B. Bakwo Bassogog, E. Nchuaji Tang, S. R. Minka, and M. A. Mune Mune. 2021. Influence of pH and temperature on the physicochemical and functional properties of Bambara bean protein isolate. Heliyon 7 (8):e07824. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07824.
  • Nitrayová, S., M. Brestenský, J. Heger, P. Patráš, J. Rafay, and A. Sirotkin. 2014. Amino acids and fatty acids profile of chia (Salvia hispanica L.) and flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) seed. Potravinarstvo Slovak Journal of Food Sciences 8 (1):72–6. doi: 10.5219/332.
  • Norouzi, P., M. Mirmohammadi, and M. H. Houshdar Tehrani. 2022. Anticancer peptides mechanisms, simple and complex. Chemico-Biological Interactions 368:110194. doi: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.110194.
  • Obaroakpo, J. U., W. Nan, L. Hao, L. Liu, S. Zhang, J. Lu, X. Pang, and J. Lv. 2020. The hyperglycemic regulatory effect of sprouted quinoa yoghurt in high-fat-diet and streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetic mice via glucose and lipid homeostasis. Food & Function 11 (9):8354–68. doi: 10.1039/D0FO01575J.
  • Olabiran, T. E., O. O. Awolu, and H. N. Ayo-Omogie. 2023. Quality chracterization of functional soy-based yoghurt incorporated with scent leaf (Ocimum gratissimum) essential oil microcapsules. Food Chemistry Advances 3:100336. doi: 10.1016/j.focha.2023.100336.
  • Oubannin, S., L. Bijla, J. Gagour, J. Hajir, N. A. Aabd, E. H. Sakar, M. A. Salama, and S. Gharby. 2022. A comparative evaluation of proximate composition, elemental profiling and oil physicochemical properties of black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) seeds and argan (Argania spinosa L. Skeels) kernels. Chemical Data Collections 41:100920. doi: 10.1016/j.cdc.2022.100920.
  • Palanisamy, B. D., V. Rajendran, S. Sathyaseelan, R. Bhat, and B. P. Venkatesan. 2012. Enhancement of nutritional value of finger millet-based food (Indian dosa) by co-fermentation with horse gram flour. International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition 63 (1):5–15. doi: 10.3109/09637486.2011.591367.
  • Park, J.-S., Y.-R. Jeong, and B.-S. Chun. 2019b. Physiological activities and bioactive compound from laver (Pyropia yezoensis) hydrolysates by using subcritical water hydrolysis. The Journal of Supercritical Fluids 148:130–6. doi: 10.1016/j.supflu.2019.03.004.
  • Patnode, K., Z. Demchuk, S. Johnson, A. Voronov, and B. Rasulev. 2021. Computational Protein–Ligand Docking and Experimental Study of Bioplastic Films from Soybean Protein, Zein, and Natural Modifiers. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering 9 (32):10740–8. doi: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.1c01202.
  • Peng, X., Y. Liao, K. Ren, Y. Liu, M. Wang, A. Yu, T. Tian, P. Liao, Z. Huang, H. Wang, et al. 2022. Fermentation performance, nutrient composition, and flavor volatiles in soy milk after mixed culture fermentation. Process Biochemistry 121:286–97. doi: 10.1016/j.procbio.2022.07.018.
  • Peyrano, F., F. Speroni, and M. V. Avanza. 2016. Physicochemical and functional properties of cowpea protein isolates treated with temperature or high hydrostatic pressure. Innovative Food Science & Emerging Technologies 33:38–46. doi: 10.1016/j.ifset.2015.10.014.
  • Pojić, M., A. Mišan, and B. Tiwari. 2018. Eco-innovative technologies for extraction of proteins for human consumption from renewable protein sources of plant origin. Trends in Food Science & Technology 75:93–104. doi: 10.1016/j.tifs.2018.03.010.
  • Pomeranz, Y., G. S. Robbins, and L. W. Briggle. 1971. Amino acid composition of oat groats. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 19 (3):536–9. doi: 10.1021/jf60175a016.
  • Prandi, B., M. Di Massimo, T. Tedeschi, L. Rodríguez-Turienzo, and Ó. Rodríguez. 2022. Ultrasound and Microwave-assisted Extraction of Proteins from Coffee Green Beans: Effects of Process Variables on the Protein Integrity. Food and Bioprocess Technology 15 (12):2712–22. doi: 10.1007/s11947-022-02907-z.
  • Pu, C., W. Tang, M. Liu, Y. Zhu, and Q. Sun. 2020. Resveratrol-loaded hollow kafirin nanoparticles via gallic acid crosslinking: An evaluation compared with their solid and non-crosslinked counterparts. Food Research International (Ottawa, Ont.) 135:109308. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109308.
  • Qamar, S., Y. J. Manrique, H. Parekh, and J. R. Falconer. 2020. Nuts, cereals, seeds and legumes proteins derived emulsifiers as a source of plant protein beverages: A review. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition 60 (16):2742–62. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2019.1657062.
  • Qiu, Y., D. J. McClements, J. Chen, C. Li, C. Liu, and T. Dai. 2023. Construction of 3D printed meat analogs from plant-based proteins: Improving the printing performance of soy protein- and gluten-based pastes facilitated by rice protein. Food Research International (Ottawa, Ont.) 167:112635. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112635.
  • Rahate, K. A., M. Madhumita, and P. K. Prabhakar. 2021. Nutritional composition, anti-nutritional factors, pretreatments-cum-processing impact and food formulation potential of faba bean (Vicia faba L.): A comprehensive review. Lwt 138:110796. doi: 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.110796.
  • Rashwan, A. K., N. Karim, S. Liu, B. Paul, Y. Xu, and W. Chen. 2024. Physicochemical and antioxidant properties of set-type yogurt supplemented by lyophilized water-soluble Melastoma dodecandrum extract-bearded chitosan-coated nutriosomes. Food Hydrocolloids. 146:109311. doi: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2023.109311.
  • Rashwan, A. K., N. Karim, Y. Xu, H. Cui, J. Fang, K. Cheng, J. Mo, and W. Chen. 2022. Chemical composition, quality attributes and antioxidant activity of stirred-type yogurt enriched with Melastoma dodecandrum Lour fruit powder. Food & Function 13 (3):1579–92. doi: 10.1039/D1FO03448K.
  • Rashwan, A. K., A. I. Osman, and W. Chen. 2023. Natural nutraceuticals for enhancing yogurt properties: A review. Environmental Chemistry Letters 21 (3):1907–31. doi: 10.1007/s10311-023-01588-0.
  • Rashwan, A. K., A. I. Osman, N. Karim, J. Mo, and W. Chen. 2023. Unveiling the Mechanisms of the Development of Blueberries-Based Functional Foods: An Updated and Comprehensive Review. Food Reviews International 1–28. doi: 10.1080/87559129.2023.2245025.
  • Rashwan, A. K., H. A. Yones, N. Karim, E. M. Taha, and W. Chen. 2021. Potential processing technologies for developing sorghum-based food products: An update and comprehensive review. Trends in Food Science & Technology 110:168–82. doi: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.01.087.
  • Rinaldoni, A. N., D. R. Palatnik, N. Zaritzky, and M. E. Campderrós. 2014. Soft cheese-like product development enriched with soy protein concentrates. LWT - Food Science and Technology 55 (1):139–47. doi: 10.1016/j.lwt.2013.09.003.
  • Ruiz de la Bastida, A., S. Langa, Á. Peirotén, R. Fernández-Gonzalez, A. Sánchez-Jiménez, M. Maroto, J. Antonio Curiel, E. Guillamon, J. L. Arqués, A. Gutiérrez-Adán, et al. 2023. Effect of fermented soy beverage in aged female mice model. Food Research International (Ottawa, Ont.) 169:112745. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112745.
  • Sahni, P., S. Sharma, and V. K. R. Surasani. 2020. Influence of processing and pH on amino acid profile, morphology, electrophoretic pattern, bioactive potential and functional characteristics of alfalfa protein isolates. Food Chemistry 333:127503. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127503.
  • Sampson, H. A., S. Aceves, S. Allan Bock, J. James, S. Jones, D. Lang, K. Nadeau, A. Nowak-Wegrzyn, J. Oppenheimer, T. Tamara, et al. 2014. Food allergy: A practice parameter update—2014. The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 134 (5):1016–25.e43. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2014.05.013.
  • Sánchez-Velázquez, O. A., M. L. Manzanilla-Valdez, Y. Wang, M. Mondor, and A. J. Hernández-Álvarez. 2023. Micellar Precipitation and Reverse Micelle Extraction of Plant Proteins. In Green Protein Processing Technologies from Plants: Novel Extraction and Purification Methods for Product Development, edited by Alan Javier Hernández-Álvarez, Martin Mondor and Matthew G. Nosworthy, 237–63. Cham: Springer International Publishing. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-16968-7_10.
  • Sathe, S. K., W. J. Wolf, K. H. Roux, S. S. Teuber, M. Venkatachalam, and K. W. C. Sze-Tao. 2002. Biochemical Characterization of Amandin, the Major Storage Protein in Almond (Prunus dulcis L.). Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 50 (15):4333–41. doi: 10.1021/jf020007v.
  • Schmitt, C., and S. L. Turgeon. 2011. Protein/polysaccharide complexes and coacervates in food systems. Advances in Colloid and Interface Science 167 (1-2):63–70. doi: 10.1016/j.cis.2010.10.001.
  • Sengupta, S., R. Goswami, S. Basu, and J. Bhowal. 2016. Hypolipidemic effects of soy yogurt fortified with antioxidant rich vegetable oil on albino mice fed high cholesterol diet. Materials Today: Proceedings 3 (10):3222–37. doi: 10.1016/j.matpr.2016.10.004.
  • Sha, L., and Y. L. Xiong. 2020. Plant protein-based alternatives of reconstructed meat: Science, technology, and challenges. Trends in Food Science & Technology 102:51–61. doi: 10.1016/j.tifs.2020.05.022.
  • Shaghaghian, S., D. J. McClements, M. Khalesi, M. Garcia-Vaquero, and A. Mirzapour-Kouhdasht. 2022. Digestibility and bioavailability of plant-based proteins intended for use in meat analogues: A review. Trends in Food Science & Technology 129:646–56. doi: 10.1016/j.tifs.2022.11.016.
  • Sharma, P., J. Kaur, G. Sharma, and P. Kashyap. 2022. Plant derived antimicrobial peptides: Mechanism of target, isolation techniques, sources and pharmaceutical applications. Journal of Food Biochemistry 46 (10):e14348. doi: 10.1111/jfbc.14348.
  • Shchekoldina, T., and M. Aider. 2014. Production of low chlorogenic and caffeic acid containing sunflower meal protein isolate and its use in functional wheat bread making. Journal of Food Science and Technology 51 (10):2331–43. doi: 10.1007/s13197-012-0780-2.
  • Shevkani, K., N. Singh, A. Kaur, and J. C. Rana. 2015. Structural and functional characterization of kidney bean and field pea protein isolates: A comparative study. Food Hydrocolloids. 43:679–89. doi: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2014.07.024.
  • Shevkani, K., N. Singh, C. Patil, A. Awasthi, and M. Paul. 2022. Antioxidative and antimicrobial properties of pulse proteins and their applications in gluten-free foods and sports nutrition. International Journal of Food Science & Technology 57 (9):5571–84. doi: 10.1111/ijfs.15666.
  • Shevkani, K., N. Singh, J. Chand Rana, and A. Kaur. 2014. Relationship between physicochemical and functional properties of amaranth (Amaranthus hypochondriacus) protein isolates. International Journal of Food Science & Technology 49 (2):541–50. doi: 10.1111/ijfs.12335.
  • Shi, H., J. Li, E. Xu, H. Yang, D. Liu, and J. Yin. 2023b. Microscale 3D printing of fish analogues using soy protein food ink. Journal of Food Engineering 347:111436. doi: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2023.111436.
  • Shi, L., F. Tianqi, C. Zhang, X. Deng, Y. Zhou, J. Wang, and L. Wang. 2023a. High-protein compound yogurt with quinoa improved clinical features and metabolism of high-fat diet–induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in mice. Journal of Dairy Science 106 (8):5309–27. doi: 10.3168/jds.2022-23045.
  • Sitthiya, K., L. Devkota, M. B. Sadiq, and A. K. Anal. 2018. Extraction and characterization of proteins from banana (Musa Sapientum L) flower and evaluation of antimicrobial activities. Journal of Food Science and Technology 55 (2):658–66. doi: 10.1007/s13197-017-2975-z.
  • Skovbjerg, C. K., J. N. Knudsen, W. Füchtbauer, J. Stougaard, F. L. Stoddard, L. Janss, and S. U. Andersen. 2020. Evaluation of yield, yield stability, and yield–protein relationship in 17 commercial faba bean cultivars. Legume Science 2 (3):e39. doi: 10.1002/leg3.39.
  • Soleymani, F., E. Paquet, H. Viktor, W. Michalowski, and D. Spinello. 2022. Protein–protein interaction prediction with deep learning: A comprehensive review. Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal 20:5316–41. doi: 10.1016/j.csbj.2022.08.070.
  • Sorour, M. A., A. E. Mehanni, E. M. Taha, and A. K. Rashwan. 2017. Changes of total phenolics, tannins, phytate and antioxidant activity of two sorghum cultivars as affected by processing. Journal of Food and Dairy Sciences 8 (7):267–74. doi: 10.21608/jfds.2017.38699.
  • Sujak, A., A. Kotlarz, and W. Strobel. 2006. Compositional and nutritional evaluation of several lupin seeds. Food Chemistry 98 (4):711–9. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2005.06.036.
  • Sun, X., and N. Bandara. 2019. Applications of reverse micelles technique in food science: A comprehensive review. Trends in Food Science & Technology 91:106–15. doi: 10.1016/j.tifs.2019.07.001.
  • Sutter, R., M. Assad-Bustillos, and E. Windhab. 2023. Zein improves desirable melt-stretch properties in plant-based cheeses made from pea protein. Food Hydrocolloids. 144:108981. doi: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2023.108981.
  • Taha, A., F. Casanova, P. Šimonis, V. Stankevič, M. A. E. Gomaa, and A. Stirkė. 2022. Pulsed Electric Field: Fundamentals and Effects on the Structural and Techno-Functional Properties of Dairy and Plant Proteins. Foods (Basel, Switzerland) 11 (11):1556. doi: 10.3390/foods11111556.
  • Tan, M., M. A. Nawaz, and R. Buckow. 2023. Functional and food application of plant proteins – a review. Food Reviews International 39 (5):2428–56. doi: 10.1080/87559129.2021.1955918.
  • Tang, C.-H., and X. Sun. 2010. Physicochemical and structural properties of 8S and/or 11S globulins from mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] with various polypeptide constituents. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 58 (10):6395–402. doi: 10.1021/jf904254f.
  • Tang, C.-H., and X. Sun. 2011. A comparative study of physicochemical and conformational properties in three vicilins from Phaseolus legumes: Implications for the structure–function relationship. Food Hydrocolloids. 25 (3):315–24. doi: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2010.06.009.
  • Taylor, J. R. N., and J. Taylor. 2023. Do kafirin bioplastic materials have unique functional characteristics? Cereal Chemistry 100 (3):539–55. doi: 10.1002/cche.10648.
  • Tsubaki, S., M. Nakauchi, Y. Ozaki, and J-i Azuma. 2009. Microwave heating for solubilization of polysaccharide and polyphenol from soybean residue (Okara). Food Science and Technology Research 15 (3):307–14. doi: 10.3136/fstr.15.307.
  • Varghese, T., and A. Pare. 2019. Effect of microwave assisted extraction on yield and protein characteristics of soymilk. Journal of Food Engineering 262:92–9. doi: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2019.05.020.
  • Veerichetty, V. 2018. Antidiabetic potential of the combination of fermented soy milk and flaxseed milk in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. International Journal of Green Pharmacy (IJGP) 12:S763–S768. doi: 10.22377/ijgp.v1.
  • Venkateswara Rao, M., S. C K, A. Rawson, C. D V, and V. N. 2023. Modifying the plant proteins techno-functionalities by novel physical processing technologies: A review. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition 63 (19):4070–91. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1997907.
  • Vilcacundo, R., B. Miralles, W. Carrillo, and B. Hernández-Ledesma. 2018. In vitro chemopreventive properties of peptides released from quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) protein under simulated gastrointestinal digestion. Food Research International (Ottawa, Ont.) 105:403–11. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2017.11.036.
  • Wahlström, R., K. Rommi, P. Willberg-Keyriläinen, D. Ercili-Cura, U. Holopainen-Mantila, J. Hiltunen, O. Mäkinen, H. Nygren, A. Mikkelson, and L. Kuutti. 2017. High yield protein extraction from Brewer’s spent grain with novel carboxylate salt - urea aqueous deep eutectic solvents. ChemistrySelect 2 (29):9355–63. doi: 10.1002/slct.201701492.
  • Wang, L., Y. Ding, X. Zhang, Y. Li, R. Wang, X. Luo, Y. Li, J. Li, and Z. Chen. 2017a. Effect of electron beam on the functional properties and structure of defatted wheat germ proteins. Journal of Food Engineering 202:9–17. doi: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2017.01.024.
  • Wang, L., X. Zhang, F. Liu, Y. Ding, R. Wang, X. Luo, Y. Li, and Z. Chen. 2017b. Study of the functional properties and anti-oxidant activity of pea protein irradiated by electron beam. Innovative Food Science & Emerging Technologies 41:124–9. doi: 10.1016/j.ifset.2017.01.005.
  • Wang, N., and J. K. Daun. 2006. Effects of variety and crude protein content on nutrients and anti-nutrients in lentils (Lens culinaris. Food Chemistry 95 (3):493–502. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2005.02.001.
  • Wang, S., Y. Lu, X-k Ouyang, and J. Ling. 2020. Fabrication of soy protein isolate/cellulose nanocrystal composite nanoparticles for curcumin delivery. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 165 (Pt A):1468–74. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.10.046.
  • Wang, T., L. Kaur, A. Singh Beniwal, Y. Furuhata, H. Aoyama, and J. Singh. 2023d. Physico-chemical and Textural Properties of 3D Printed Plant-based and Hybrid Soft Meat Analogs. Plant Foods for Human Nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands) 78 (2):375–82. doi: 10.1007/s11130-023-01068-4.
  • Wang, X.-S., C.-H. Tang, X.-Q. Yang, and W.-R. Gao. 2008. Characterization, amino acid composition and in vitro digestibility of hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) proteins. Food Chemistry 107 (1):11–8. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.06.064.
  • Wang, X., X. Kong, C. Zhang, Y. Hua, Y. Chen, and X. Li. 2023c. Comparison of physicochemical properties and volatile flavor compounds of plant-based yoghurt and dairy yoghurt. Food Research International (Ottawa, Ont.) 164:112375. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.112375.
  • Wang, Y., B. Lyu, H. Fu, J. Li, L. Ji, H. Gong, R. Zhang, J. Liu, and H. Yu. 2023b. The development process of plant-based meat alternatives: Raw material formulations and processing strategies. Food Research International (Ottawa, Ont.) 167:112689. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112689.
  • Wang, Y., W. Cai, L. Li, Y. Gao, and K-h Lai. 2023a. Recent advances in the processing and manufacturing of plant-based meat. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 71 (3):1276–90. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c07247.
  • Warnakulasuriya, S. N., and M. T. Nickerson. 2018. Review on plant protein–polysaccharide complex coacervation, and the functionality and applicability of formed complexes. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 98 (15):5559–71. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.9228.
  • Webb, D., Y. Li, and S. Alavi. 2023. Chemical and physicochemical features of common plant proteins and their extrudates for use in plant-based meat. Trends in Food Science & Technology 131:129–38. doi: 10.1016/j.tifs.2022.11.006.
  • Wei, L., W. Zhang, J. Yang, Y. Pan, H. Chen, and Z. Zhang. 2023. The application of deep eutectic solvents systems based on choline chloride in the preparation of biodegradable food packaging films. Trends in Food Science & Technology 139:104124. doi: 10.1016/j.tifs.2023.104124.
  • Wei, Y., Z. Cai, M. Wu, Y. Guo, P. Wang, R. Li, A. Ma, and H. Zhang. 2020. Core-shell pea protein-carboxymethylated corn fiber gum composite nanoparticles as delivery vehicles for curcumin. Carbohydrate Polymers 240:116273. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116273.
  • Yamada, M., S. Morimitsu, E. Hosono, and T. Yamada. 2020. Preparation of bioplastic using soy protein. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 149:1077–83. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.02.025.
  • Yan, X., S. Liang, T. Peng, G. Zhang, Z. Zeng, P. Yu, D. Gong, and S. Deng. 2020. Influence of phenolic compounds on physicochemical and functional properties of protein isolate from Cinnamomum camphora seed kernel. Food Hydrocolloids. 102:105612. doi: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2019.105612.
  • Yang, M., L. Chen, J. Wang, G. Msigwa, A. I. Osman, S. Fawzy, D. W. Rooney, and P.-S. Yap. 2023. Circular economy strategies for combating climate change and other environmental issues. Environmental Chemistry Letters 21 (1):55–80. doi: 10.1007/s10311-022-01499-6.
  • Yao, G., Y. Guo, T. Cheng, Z. Wang, B. Li, C. Xia, J. Jiang, Y. Zhang, Z. Guo, and H. Zhao. 2022. Effect of γ-irradiation on the physicochemical and functional properties of rice protein. Food Science and Technology 42:e12422. doi: 10.1590/fst.12422.
  • Yi, J., Q. He, G. Peng, and Y. Fan. 2022. Improved water solubility, chemical stability, antioxidant and anticancer activity of resveratrol via nanoencapsulation with pea protein nanofibrils. Food Chemistry 377:131942. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131942.
  • Yildiz, G., J. Ding, J. Andrade, N. J. Engeseth, and H. Feng. 2018. Effect of plant protein-polysaccharide complexes produced by mano-thermo-sonication and pH-shifting on the structure and stability of oil-in-water emulsions. Innovative Food Science & Emerging Technologies 47:317–25. doi: 10.1016/j.ifset.2018.03.005.
  • Yong Sik, C., and S. K. Bin. 2000. Effect of γ-Irradiation on the Molecular Properties of Bovine Serum Albumin and β-Lcatoglobulin. BMB Reports 33:133–7. https://kiss.kstudy.com/Detail/Ar?key=427566.
  • Yu, X., O. Bals, N. Grimi, and E. Vorobiev. 2015. A new way for the oil plant biomass valorization: Polyphenols and proteins extraction from rapeseed stems and leaves assisted by pulsed electric fields. Industrial Crops and Products 74:309–18. doi: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2015.03.045.
  • Yuan, De-Bao, Xiao-Quan Yang, Chuan-He Tang, Zhi-Xiong Zheng, Min Wei, Ijaz Ahmad, and Shou-Wei Yin. 2009. “Physicochemical and functional properties of acidic and basic polypeptides of soy glycinin.” Food Research International, 42(5–6):700–706. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2009.02.005.
  • Yuan, X., W. Jiang, D. Zhang, H. Liu, and B. Sun. 2021. Textural, Sensory and Volatile Compounds Analyses in Formulations of Sausages Analogue Elaborated with Edible Mushrooms and Soy Protein Isolate as Meat Substitute. Foods (Basel, Switzerland) 11 (1):52. doi: 10.3390/foods11010052.
  • Zhang, Z., Y. Hu, H. Ji, Q. Lin, X. Li, S. Sang, D. Julian McClements, J. Long Chen, A. Long, X. Jiao, et al. 2023. Physicochemical stability, antioxidant activity, and antimicrobial activity of quercetin-loaded zein nanoparticles coated with dextrin-modified anionic polysaccharides. Food Chemistry 415:135736. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135736.
  • Zhao, S., X. Yuan, L. Yang, M. Zhu, H. Ma, and Y. Zhao. 2023a. The effects of modified quinoa protein emulsion as fat substitutes in frankfurters. Meat Science 202:109215. doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2023.109215.
  • Zhao, Y., R. Tian, Z. Xu, L. Jiang, and X. Sui. 2023b. Recent advances in soy protein extraction technology. Journal of the American Oil Chemists’ Society 100 (3):187–95. doi: 10.1002/aocs.12676.
  • Zhou, J-z., H. Zhang, L. Gao, L. Wang, and H.-F. Qian. 2015. Influence of pH and ionic strength on heat-induced formation and rheological properties of cottonseed protein gels. Food and Bioproducts Processing 96:27–34. doi: 10.1016/j.fbp.2015.06.004.
  • Zhou, M., J. Liu, Y. Zhou, X. Huang, F. Liu, S. Pan, and H. Hu. 2016. Effect of high intensity ultrasound on physicochemical and functional properties of soybean glycinin at different ionic strengths. Innovative Food Science & Emerging Technologies 34:205–13. doi: 10.1016/j.ifset.2016.02.007.
  • Zhou, X., J. Zhao, X. Zhao, R. Sun, C. Sun, D. Hou, X. Zhang, L. Jiang, J. Hou, and Z. Jiang. 2022a. Oil bodies extracted from high-oil soybeans (Glycine max) exhibited higher oxidative and physical stability than oil bodies from high-protein soybeans. Food & Function 13 (6):3271–82. doi: 10.1039/D1FO03934B.
  • Zhou, Y., W. Wu, N. Zhang, O. P. Soladoye, Y. Zhang, and Y. Fu. 2022b. Deep eutectic solvents as new media for green extraction of food proteins: Opportunity and challenges. Food Research International (Ottawa, Ont.) 161:111842. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111842.
  • Zhu, G., X. Zhu, Q. Fan, X. Liu, Y. Shen, and J. Jiang. 2010. Study on Production of Amino Acids from Bean Dregs by Hydrolysis in Sub-critical Water. Chinese Journal of Chemistry 28 (10):2033–8. doi: 10.1002/cjoc.201090339.
  • Zou, Y., L. Wang, P. Li, P. Cai, M. Zhang, Z. Sun, C. Sun, Z. Geng, W. Xu, X. Xu, et al. 2017. Effects of ultrasound assisted extraction on the physiochemical, structural and functional characteristics of duck liver protein isolate. Process Biochemistry 52:174–82. doi: 10.1016/j.procbio.2016.09.027.