5,336
Views
11
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

Project-based learning approach to increase medical student empathy

ORCID Icon
Article: 1742965 | Received 07 Oct 2019, Accepted 25 Feb 2020, Published online: 20 Mar 2020

References

  • Hemmerdinger JM, Stoddart SD, Lilford RJ. A systematic review of tests of empathy in medicine. BMC Med Educ. 2007;7:24.
  • AAMC. Medical school objectives project: AAMC; 1998; [cited 2019 Sept 3]. Available from: https://www.aamc.org/initiatives/msop/
  • Berg K, Blatt B, Lopreiato J, et al. Standardized patient assessment of medical student empathy: ethnicity and gender effects in a multi-institutional study. Acad Med. 2015;90(1):105–6.
  • Spatoula V, Panagopoulou E, Montgomery A. Does empathy change during undergraduate medical education? - A meta-analysis. Med Teach. 2019;41(8):895–904.
  • Neumann M, Edelhäuser F, Tauschel D, et al. Empathy decline and its reasons: a systematic review of studies with medical students and residents. Acad Med. 2011;86(8):996–1009.
  • Batt-Rawden SA, Chisolm MS, Anton B, et al. Teaching empathy to medical students: an updated, systematic review. Acad Med. 2013;88(8):1171–1177.
  • Hutchison M. The empathy project: using a project-based learning assignment to increase first-year college students’ comfort with interdisciplinarity. Interdiscip J Prob Based Learn. 2016;10(1):12.
  • Loyens SMM, Rikers RMJP. Instruction based on inquiry. In: Mayer RE, Alexander PA, editors. Handbook of research on learning and instruction. New York: Routledge; 2011. p. 361–381.
  • Dohrenwend AM. Defining empathy to better teach, measure, and understand its impact. Acad Med. 2018;93(12):1754–1756.
  • Howe D. Empathy: what it is and why it matters. London: Palgrave Macmillan; 2013.
  • Merrill DM. First principles of instruction. Educ Technol Res Dev. 2002;50(3):43–59.
  • Satir V, Banmen J, Gerber J, et al. The Satir model: family therapy and beyond. Los Altos: Science & Behavior Books; 2006.
  • Pounds G, Salter C, Platt MJ, et al. Developing a new empathy-specific admissions test for applicants to medical schools: a discourse-pragmatic approach. Commun Med. 2017;14(2):165–180.
  • Grant MM. Learning, beliefs, and products: students’ perspectives with project-based learning. Interdiscip J Prob Based Learn. 2011;5(2):37–69.
  • Davis MH. A multidimensional approach to individual differences in empathy. JSAS Catalog Sel Doc Psychol. 1980;10:85.
  • Davis MH. Measuring individual differences in empathy: evidence for a multidimensional approach. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1983;44:113–126.
  • Pulos S, Elison J, Lennon R. The hierarchical structure of the interpersonal reactivity index. Soc Behav Pers. 2004;32(4):355–359.
  • Costa P, de Carvalho-filho MA, Schweller M, et al. Measuring medical students’ empathy: exploring the underlying constructs of and associations between two widely used self-report instruments in five countries. Acad Med. 2017;92(6):860–867.
  • Kang I, Kee S, Kim S-E, et al. Reliability and validity of the Korean-version of interpersonal reactivity index. J Korean Neuropsychiatr Assoc. 2009;48:352–358.
  • Kim JE, Lee SJ. Stability of the interpersonal reactivity index in medical school students. J Korean Soc Biol Ther Psychiatry. 2013;19(2):138–145.
  • Hojat M, Mangione S, Nasca TJ, et al. The Jefferson Scale of physician empathy: development and preliminary psychometric data. Educ Psychol Meas. 2001;61(2):349–365.
  • Hojat M, Gonnella JS. What matters more about the interpersonal reactivity index and the Jefferson Scale of empathy? Their underlying constructs or their relationships with pertinent measures of clinical competence and patient outcomes? Acad Med. 2017;92(6):743–745.
  • Sulzer SH, Feinstein NW, Wendland CL. Assessing empathy development in medical education: a systematic review. Med Educ. 2016;50(3):300–310.
  • Terry G, Hayfield N, Clarke V, et al. Thematic analysis. In: Willig C, Rogers WS, editors. The SAGE handbook of qualitative research in psychology. 2nd ed. London: Sage; 2017. p. 17–37.