Morphological Awareness, Phonological Awareness, and Literacy Development in Korean and English: A 2-Year Longitudinal Study

REFERENCES

• Adams , M. J. 1990 . Begining to read: Thinking and learning about print , Cambridge, MA : MIT Press .
   Google Scholar
• Anglin , J. M. 1993 . Vocabulary development: A morphological analysis . Monographs of the Society of Research in Child Development , 58 ( 10, Serial No. 238 )
   Google Scholar
• Baker , F. B. and Kim , S.-H. 2004 . Item response theory , Boca Raton, FL : CRC .
   Google Scholar
• Benjamini , Y. , Krieger , A. M. and Yekutieli , D. 2006 . Adaptive linear step-up procedures that control the false discovery rate . Biometrika , 93 : 491 – 507 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bock , R. D. and Mislevy , R. J. 1982 . Adaptive EAP estimation of ability in a microcomputer environment . Applied Psychological Measurement , 6 : 431 – 444 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bryant , P. and Nunes , T. 2004 . “ Morphology and spelling ” . In Handbook of children's literacy , Edited by: Nunes , T. and Bryant , P. 91 – 118 . London, , UK : Kluwer .
   Google Scholar
• Bryk , A. S. and Raudenbush , S. W. 1992 . Hierarchical linear models , London, UK : Sage .
   Google Scholar
• Casalis , S. and Louis-Alexandre , M. 2000 . Morphological analysis, phonological analysis and learning to read French . Reading and Writing: An Interdisciplinary Journal , 12 : 303 – 335 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chiu , M. M. and McBride-Chang , C. 2006 . Gender, context, and reading: A comparison of students in 43 countries . Scientific Studies of Reading , 10 : 331 – 362 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cho , J.-R. and McBride-Chang , C. 2005a . Correlates of Korean Hangul acquisition among kindergartners and second graders . Scientific Studies of Reading , 9 : 3 – 16 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cho , J.-R. and McBride-Chang , C. 2005b . Levels of phonological awareness in Korean and English: A 1-year longitudinal study . Journal of Educational Psychology , 97 : 564 – 571 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cho , J.-R. , McBride-Chang , C. and Park , S.-G. 2008 . Phonological awareness and morphological awareness: Differential associations to regular and irregular word recognition in early Korean Hangul readers . Reading and Writing: An Interdisciplinary Journal , 21 : 255 – 274 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chow , B. W.-Y. , McBride-Chang , C. and Burgess , S. 2005 . Phonological processing skills and early reading abilities in Hong Kong Chinese kindergarteners learning to read English as a second language . Journal of Educational Psychology , 97 : 81 – 87 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cisero , C. A. and Royer , J. M. 1995 . The development and cross-language transfer of phonological awareness . Contemporary Educational Psychology , 20 : 275 – 303 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Comeau , L. , Cormier , P. , Grandmaison , E. and Lacroix , D. 1999 . A longitudinal study of phonological processing skills in children learning to read in a second language . Journal of Educational Psychology , 91 : 29 – 43 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deacon , S. and Kirby , J. R. 2004 . Morphological awareness: Just “more phonological”? The role of morphological and phonological awareness in reading development . Applied Psycholinguistics , 25 : 223 – 238 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deacon , S. H. , Wade-Woolley , L. and Kirby , J. 2007 . Crossover: The role of morphological awareness in French immersion children's reading . Developmental Psychology , 43 : 732 – 746 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Jong , P.F. and van der Leij , A. 1999 . Specific contributions of phonological abilities to early reading acquisition: Results from a Dutch latent variable longitudinal study . Journal of Educational Psychology , 91 : 450 – 476 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Durgunoglu , A. Y. 2002 . Cross-linguistic transfer in literacy development and implication for language learners . Annals of Dyslexia , 52 : 189 – 204 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Durgunoglu , A. , Nagy , W. and Hancin-Bhatt , B. 1993 . Cross-language transfer of phonological awareness . Journal of Educational Psychology , 85 : 451 – 476 .
   Google Scholar
• Ehri , L. C. , Nunes , S. R. and Willows , D. M. 2001 . Phonological awareness instruction helps children learn to read: Evidence from the National Reading Panel's meta-analysis . Reading Research Quarterly , 36 : 250 – 287 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feldman , L. B. 1995 . Morphological aspects of language processing , Hillsdale, NJ : Erlbaum .
   Google Scholar
• Fitzgerald , J. and Shanahan , T. 2000 . Reading and writing relations and their development . Educational Psychologist , 35 : 39 – 50 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Galambos , S. J. and Goldin-Meadow , S. 1990 . The effects of learning two languages on levels of metalinguistic awareness . Cognition , 34 : 1 – 56 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Georgiou , G. K. , Parrila , R. and Liao , C.-H. 2008 . Rapid naming speed and reading across languages that vary in orthographic consistency . Reading and Writing , 21 : 885 – 903 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Geva , E. 1995 . “ Orthographic and cognitive processing in learning to read English and Hebrew ” . In Scripts and literacy , Edited by: Taylor , I. and Olson , D. R. 81 – 114 . Kluwer : Dordrecht, the Netherlands .
   Google Scholar
• Goldstein , H. 1995 . Multilevel statistical models , Sydney, , Australia : Edward Arnold .
   Google Scholar
• Gottardo , A. , Yan , B. , Siegel , L. S. and Wade-Woolley , L. 2001 . Factors related to English reading performance in children with Chinese as a first language: More evidence of cross-language transfer of phonological processing . Journal of Educational Psychology , 93 : 530 – 542 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Green , L. , McCutchen , D. , Schwiebert , C. , Quinlan , T. , Eva-Wood , A. and Juelis , J. 2003 . Morphological development in children's writing . Journal of Educational psychology , 95 : 752 – 761 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ho , C. S.-H. and Bryant , P. 1997 . Phonological skills are important in learning to read Chinese . Developmental Psychology , 33 : 946 – 951 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jöreskog , K. and Sörbom , D. 2004 . LISREL 8.7 , New York, NY : Scientific Software International .
   Google Scholar
• Kemp , N . 2006 . Children's spelling of base, inflected, and derived words: Links with morphological awareness . Reading and Writing , 19 : 737 – 765 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kennedy , P. 2004 . A guide to econometrics , Cambridge, , UK : Blackwell .
   Google Scholar
• Kim , Y.-S. 2007 . Phonological awareness and literacy skills in Korean: An examination of the unique role of body-coda units . Applied Psycholinguistics , 28 : 69 – 94 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim-Renaud , Y-K . 1997 . The Korean alphabet: Its history and structure , Honolulu, HI : University of Hawaii .
   Google Scholar
• Korean Association of Child Studies & Hansol Education Research Center . 2002 . Child development report 2001 , Seoul, , Korea : Hansol Education .
   Google Scholar
• Krull , J. L. and MacKinnon , D. P. 2001 . Multilevel modeling of individual and group level mediated effects . Multivariate Behavioral Research , 36 : 249 – 277 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ku , Y. M. and Anderson , R. C. 2003 . Development of morphological awareness in Chinese and English . Reading & Writing , 16 : 399 – 422 .
   Google Scholar
• Kuo , L. and Anderson , R. C. 2006 . Morphological awareness and learning to read: A cross-language perspective . Educational Psychologist , 41 : 161 – 180 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kwak , K. J. , Park , H. W. and Kim , C.-T. 2001 . Korean-Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children , Seoul, , Korea : Special Education Publishing .
   Google Scholar
• Landerl , K. and Wimmer , H. 2008 . Development of word reading fluency and spelling in a consistent orthography: An 8-year follow-up . Journal of Educational Psychology , 100 : 150 – 161 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee , S.-S. , Lee , K.-D. , Nam , K.-S. , Chung , C.-S. , Lee , I.-K. and Choi , Y.-C. 1991 . Development of a corpus of contemporary Korean for compiling a lexicographical database , Seoul, , Korea : Korean Dictionary Compilation Board of Yonsei University .
   Google Scholar
• Lim , J.-R. 2002 . The realities of modern Korean vocabulary usage and the properties of its word formation . Korean Language , 30 : 41 – 67 .
   Google Scholar
• Lindsey , K. A. , Manis , F. R. and Bailey , C. E. 2003 . Prediction of first-grade reading in Spanish-speaking English-language learners . Journal of Educational Psychology , 95 : 482 – 494 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Manis , F. R. , Seidenberg , M. S. and Doi , L. M. 1999 . See Dick RAN: Rapid naming and the longitudinal prediction of reading subskills in first and second graders . Scientific Studies of Reading , 3 : 129 – 157 .
   Google Scholar
• McBride-Chang , C. 2004 . Children's literacy development , New York, NY : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• McBride-Chang , C. , Cho , J, R. , Liu , H. , Wagner , R. K. , Shu , H. Zhou , A. 2005 . Changing models across cultures: Associations of phonological awareness and morphological structure awareness to vocabulary and word recognition in second graders from Beijing, Hong Kong, Korea, and United States . Journal of Experimental Child Psychology , 92 : 140 – 160 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McBride-Chang , C. , Shu , H. , Zhou , A. , Wat , C. P. and Wagner , R. K. 2003 . Morphological awareness uniquely predicts young children's Chinese character recognition . Journal of Educational Psychology , 95 : 743 – 751 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ministry of Education and Human Resources . 2003 . Elementary school English 4 teacher's guide , Seoul, , Korea : Daehan Textbook .
   Google Scholar
• Mislevy , R. J. and Bock , R. D. 1990 . Bilog 3 , Mooresville, IN : Scientific Software International .
   Google Scholar
• Nagy , W. , Berlinger , V. and Abbott , R. 2006 . Contributions of morphology beyond phonology to literacy outcomes of upper elementary and middle-school students . Journal of Educational Psychology , 98 : 134 – 147 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nagy , W. , Berlinger , V. , Abbott , R. , Vaughan , K. and Vermeulen , K. 2003 . Relationship of morphology and other language skills to literacy skills in at-risk second-grade readers and at-risk fourth-grade writers . Journal of Educational Psychology , 95 : 730 – 742 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nunes , T. and Hatano , G. 2004 . “ Morphology, reading and spelling: looking across languages ” . In Handbook of children's literacy , Edited by: Nunes , T. and Bryant , P. 651 – 672 . London, , UK : Kluwer .
   Google Scholar
• Savage , R. S. , Frederickson , N. , Goodwin , R. , Patni , U. , Smith , N. and Tuersley , L. 2005 . Relationships among rapid digit naming, phonological processing, motor automaticity, and speech perception in poor, average, and good readers and spellers . Journal of Learning Disabilities , 38 : 12 – 28 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Savage , R. , Pillay , V. and Melidona , S. 2008 . Rapid serial naming is a unique predictor of spelling in children . Journal of Learning Disabilities , 41 : 235 – 250 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shu , H. , McBride-Chang , C. , Wu , S. and Liu , H. 2006 . Journal of Educational Psychology , 98 : 122 – 133 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taylor , I. and Taylor , M. 1995 . Writing and literacy in Chinese, Korean, and Japanese , Amsterdam, , the Netherlands : Benjamins .
   Google Scholar
• Wagner , R. K. and Torgesen , J. 1987 . The nature of phonological processing and its causal role in the acquisition of reading skills . Psychological Bulletin , 101 : 192 – 212 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang , M. , Cheng , C. and Chen , S.-W. 2006 . Contribution of morphological awareness to Chinese-English biliteracy acquisition . Journal of Educational Psychology , 98 : 542 – 553 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang , M. , Park , Y. and Lee , K.-R. 2006 . Korean–English biliteracy acquisition: Cross-language phonological and orthographic transfer . Journal of Educational Psychology , 98 : 148 – 158 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wimmer , H. , Mayringer , H. and Landerl , K. 2000 . The double-deficit hypothesis and difficulties in learning to read a regular orthography . Journal of Educational Psychology , 92 : 668 – 680 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wolf , M. and Bowers , P. G. 1999 . The double-deficit hypotheses for the developmental dyslexias . Journal of Educational Psychology , 91 : 415 – 438 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zho , M.-H. , Lee , J.-M. , Kim , J.-O. , Shin , H.-J. , Yi , K.-O. Do , K.-S. 2003 . Psychology of language , Seoul, , Korea : Hagjisa .
   Google Scholar