Motivations and Marketing Drivers of Taiwanese Island Tourists: Comparing Across Penghu, Taiwan and Phuket, Thailand

References

• Alegre , J. and Pou , L. 2006 . The length of stay in the demand for tourism . Tourism Management , 27 ( 6 ) : 1343 – 1355 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alghamdi , A. 2007 . Explicit and implicit motivation towards outbound tourism: A study of Saudi tourists . PhD thesis, University of Glasgow
   Google Scholar
• Anderson , J. C. 1987 . An approach for confirmatory measurement and structural equation modeling of organizational properties . Management Science , 33 ( 4 ) : 525 – 541 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Andreu , L. , Kozak , M. , Avci , L. and Cifter , N. 2005 . Market segmentation by motivations to travel: British tourists visiting Turkey . Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing , 19 ( 1 ) : 1 – 14 .
   Google Scholar
• Assael , H. 1984 . Consumer behavior and marketing action , 2 , Boston : Kent Publishing .
   Google Scholar
• Bagozzi , R. P. , Yi , Y. and Phillips , L. W. 1991 . Assessing construct validity in organizational research . Administrative Science Quarterly , 36 ( 3 ) : 421 – 458 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bentler , P. M. and Wu , E. J. C. 1995 . EQS for Windows User's Guide , Encino, CA : Multivariate Software .
   Google Scholar
• Buckley , R. 2007 . Adventure tourism products: price, duration, size, skill, remoteness . Tourism Management , 28 ( 6 ) : 1428 – 1433 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Byrne , B. M. , Shavelson , R. J. and Muthén , B. 1989 . Testing for the equivalence of factor covariance and mean structures: The issue of partial measurement invariance . Psychological Bulletin , 105 ( 3 ) : 456 – 466 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carr , N. 2002 . A comparative analysis of the behavior of domestic and international young tourist . Tourism Management , 23 ( 3 ) : 321 – 325 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chang , J. , Wang , K. C. , Guo , Y. Z. , Su , C. J. and Yen , S. J. 2007 . Trends in outbound group package tours in china and Taiwan: A marketing mix perspective . Tourism Analysis , 12 ( 4 ) : 257 – 270 .
   Google Scholar
• Cooper , B. and Meiklejohn , D. D. A new approach for travel behavior change in universities . Proceedings of the 26th Australasian Transport Research Forum . October 1–3 , Wellington, New Zealand.
   Google Scholar
• Correia , A. and do Valle , P. O. 2007 . Why people travel to exotic places . International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research , 1 ( 1 ) : 45 – 61 .
   Google Scholar
• Crompton , J. 1979 . Motivations for pleasure vacation . Annals of Tourism Research , 6 ( 4 ) : 408 – 424 .
   Google Scholar
• Dann , G. M. S. 1977 . Anomie, ego-enhancement and tourism . Annals of Tourism Research , 4 ( 4 ) : 184 – 194 .
   Google Scholar
• Decrop , A. 2006 . “ Vacation planning and decision-making processes ” . In Vacation decision making , Cambridge, MA : CABI Publishing . (chapter 5)
   Google Scholar
• Decrop , A. and Snelders , D. 2004 . Planning the summer vacation. An adaptable process . Annals of Tourism Research , 31 ( 4 ) : 1008 – 1030 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fornell , C. and Larcker , D. F. 1981 . Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error . Journal of Marketing Research , 18 ( 1 ) : 39 – 50 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gartner , W. C. 1996 . Tourism development: Principles, processes, and policies , New York : Van Nostrand Reinhold .
   Google Scholar
• Gokovali , U. , Bahar , O. and Kozak , M. 2007 . Determinants of length of stay: A practical use of survival analysis . Tourism Management , 28 ( 3 ) : 736 – 746 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gundawar , P. , Sinha , D. K. and Wable , P. A critical investigation of motivating factors responsible for increase in pleasure tourism at Panchgani and Mahabaleshwar . Proceedings of the conference on tourism in India–Challenges Ahead . 15–17 May 2008, Indian Institute of Management Kozhikode (IIMK)
   Google Scholar
• Gunn , C. A. 1988 . Tourism planning , 2 , New York : Taylor & Francis .
   Google Scholar
• Haeseler, J. K. & Virginai, V. (1989). Length of visitor stay. In S. Bitgood, A. Benefield, & D. Patterson (Eds.), Visitor studies: theory, research, and practice (Vol. 2, pp. 252–259). Jacksonville: Center for Social Design.
   Google Scholar
• Hall , C. M. and Müller , D. K. 2004 . Mobility, tourism and second homes , Edited by: Hall , C. M. and Müller , D. K. Clevedon : Channel View .
   Google Scholar
• Hall , C. M. and Page , S. J. 2006 . The geography of tourism and recreation: environment, place and space , 3 , London : Routledge .
   Google Scholar
• Hampton , M. P. and Christensen , J. 2007 . Competing industries in islands: A new tourism approach . Annals of Tourism Research , 34 ( 4 ) : 998 – 1020 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jang , S. and Cai , L. 2002 . Travel motivations and destination choice: A study of British outbound market . Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing , 13 ( 3 ) : 11 – 133 .
   Google Scholar
• Joreskog , K. G. 1971 . Simultaneous factor analysis in several populations . Psychometrika , 36 ( 4 ) : 409 – 426 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim , N. S. and Chalip , L. 2004 . Why travel to the FIFA World Cup? Effects of motives, background, interest, and constraints . Tourism Management , 25 ( 6 ) : 695 – 707 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim , S. and Lee , C. 2002 . Push and pull relationships . Annals of Tourism Research , 29 ( 1 ) : 257 – 260 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim , S. , Lee , C. and Klenosky , D. B. 2003 . The influence of push and pull factors at Korean national park . Tourism Management , 24 ( 2 ) : 169 – 180 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim , S. H. 2007 . “ The group vacation market (college students): A social psychological approach. Doctoral dissertation ” . Michigan State University, United States
   Google Scholar
• Klenosky , D. B. 2002 . The pull of tourism destinations: A means-end investigation . Journal of Travel Research , 40 ( 4 ) : 385 – 395 .
   Google Scholar
• Kolyesnikova , N. and Dodd , T. H. 2008 . Effects of winery visitor groups size on gratitude and obligation . Journal of Travel Research , 47 ( 1 ) : 104 – 112 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kozak , M. 2002 . Comparative analysis of tourist motivations by nationality and destinations . Tourism Management , 23 ( 3 ) : 221 – 232 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kromrey , J. D. and Foster-Johnson , L. 1998 . Mean centering in moderated multiple regression: Much ado about nothing . Educational and Psychological Measurement , 58 ( 1 ) : 42 – 67 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee , G. , O' Leary , J. T. , Lee , S. H. and Morrison , A. 2002 . Comparison and contrast of push and pull motivational effects on trip behavior: An application of a multinomial logistic regression model . Tourism Analysis , 7 ( 2 ) : 89 – 104 .
   Google Scholar
• Lockhart , D. G. 1997 . “ Islands and tourism: An overview ” . In Island tourism: Trends and prospects , Edited by: Lockhart , D. G. and Drakakis-Smith , D. London : Cassell .
   Google Scholar
• Mannell , R. C. and Iso-Ahola , S. E. 1987 . Psychological nature of leisure and tourism experience . Annals of Tourism Research , 14 ( 3 ) : 314 – 331 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mansfeld , Y. 1992 . From motivation to actual travel . Annals of Tourism Research , 19 ( 3 ) : 399 – 419 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martinez-Garcia , E. and Raya , J. M. 2008 . Length of stay for low-cost tourism . Tourism Management , 29 ( 6 ) : 1064 – 1075 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mok , C. and Iverson , T. J. 2000 . Expenditure-based segmentation: Taiwanese tourists to Guam . Tourism Management , 21 ( 3 ) : 299 – 305 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moutinho , L. 2000 . Strategic management in tourism , New York : CABI .
   Google Scholar
• Nicolau , J. and Más , F. 2005 . The influence of distance and prices on the choice of tourist destinations: The moderating role of motivations . Tourism Management , 27 ( 5 ) : 982 – 996 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• NileGuide (2009). Local info for Phukat. Retrieved July 30, 2010, from http://www.nileguide.com/destination/phuket/overview/local-info
   Google Scholar
• Page , S. J. , Bentley , T. , Meyer , D. and Chalmers , D. 2001 . Scoping the extent of tourist road safety. Motor transport vehicle accidents in New Zealand 1982–1996 . Current Issues in Tourism , 4 ( 6 ) : 503 – 526 .
   Google Scholar
• Pearce , P. L. 1982 . The social psychology of tourism behavior , Oxford : Pergamon Press .
   Google Scholar
• Penghu County Government . 2009 . Tourism statistics. Retrieved March 24, 2009, from http://www.penghu.gov.tw/eng/01intro/03people.asp
   Google Scholar
• Penghu National Scenic Area Administration, Tourism Bureau, MOTC . 2009 . Tourism statistics. Retrieved April 2, 2009, from http://www.penghu-nsa.gov.tw/user/main.aspx
   Google Scholar
• Phuket.net. Phuket Travel & Living Guide. Retrieved July 21, 2009, http://www.phuket.net/visit-phuket/about/events-festivals.htm
   Google Scholar
• Prideaux , B. and Crosswell , M. 2006 . The value of visitor surveys: The case of Norfolk Island . Journal of Vacation Marketing , 12 ( 4 ) : 359 – 370 .
   Google Scholar
• Serrell , B. and Becker , B. 1990 . “ Stuffed birds on sticks: Plans to re-do the animal halls at field museum ” . In Visitor studies: Theory, research and practice, V3 Center for Social Design, p. 263
   Google Scholar
• Shaw , G. and Williams , A. 1994 . Critical issues in tourism: A geographical perspective , Oxford : Blackwell .
   Google Scholar
• Spotts , D. M. and Mahoney , E. M. 1991 . Segmenting visitors to a destination region based on the volume of their expenditures . Journal of Travel Research , 29 : 24 – 31 .
   Google Scholar
• Taiwan Tourism Bureau Ministry . 2006 . Statistics release: visitor statistics . Retrieved June 21, 2007, from http://admin.taiwan.net.tw/english/statistics/release.asp
   Google Scholar
• Tourism Authority of Thailand . 2007 . Tourism statistics . Retrieved April 10, 2009, from http://www2.tat.or.th/stat/web/static_tst.php
   Google Scholar
• Wang , D. C. 2006 . “ Correlation between artificial buying desire and some of its influential variables, different price promotion on nth good and different buying motivation ” . Kaohsiung, , Taiwan : National Sun Yat-Sen University .
   Google Scholar
• Wang , K. C , Hsieh , A. T. and Huan , T. C. 2000 . Critical service features in group package tour: An exploratory research . Tourism Management , 21 ( 2 ) : 177 – 189 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang , K. C. , Hsieh , A. T. , Chou , S. H. and Lin , Y. S. 2007 . GPTCCC: An instrument for measuring group package tour service . Tourism Management , 28 ( 2 ) : 361 – 376 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang , Y. , Rompf , P. , Severt , D. and Peerapatdit , N. 2006 . Examining and identifying the. determinants of travel expenditure patterns . International Journal of Tourism Research , 8 ( 5 ) : 333 – 346 .
   Google Scholar