A species specific simplex polymerase chain reaction-based approach for detection of goat tallow in heat clarified milk fat (ghee)

References

• Manning, L.; Soon, J.M. Developing Systems to Control Food Adulteration. Food Policy 2014, 49, 23–32.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FSAAI. National Survey in India of Adulteration in Liquid Milk. http://www.fssai.gov.in/Portals/0/Pdf/sampleanalysed.2011(02-01-2012).pdf ( accessed Jan 12, 2016).
   Google Scholar
• Anupama, R.; Sharma, V.; Arora, S.; Lal, D.; Kumar, A.A. Rapid Reversed-Phase Thin Layer Chromatographic Protocol for Detection of Adulteration in Ghee (Clarified Milk Fat) with Vegetable Oils. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2013, 10, 2–6.
   Google Scholar
• Upadhay, N.; Detection of Vegetable Oil and Animal Body Fat in Ghee Using Solvent Fractionation Technique. PhD Thesis submitted to National Dairy Research Institute (Deemed University), Karnal, India. 2014.
   Google Scholar
• Anupama, R.; Sharma, V.; Arora, S.; Lal, D. Comparison of Rapid Reversed Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC) Method with Rapid Reversed Phase Thin Layer Chromatography Method for Detecting Vegetable Oils in Ghee (Clarified Milk Fat). International Journal of Food Properties 2016, 19, 1154–1162.
   Google Scholar
• Kumar, A.; Upadhyay, N.; Padghan, P.V.; Gandhi, K.; Lal, D.; Sharma, V. Detection of Vegetable Oil and Animal Depot Fat Adulteration in Anhydrous Milk Fat (Ghee) Using Fatty Acid Composition. MOJ Food Processing & Technology 2015, 1, 13–19.
   Google Scholar
• Jirankalgikar, N.M.; De, S. Detection of Tallow Adulteration in Cow Ghee Derivative Spectrophotometry. Journal of Natural Science Biology 2014, 5, 317–319.
   Google Scholar
• De, S.; Pankaj, N.; Jirankalgikar, N.M. Development of a Novel High Performance Thin Layer Chromatographicdensitometric Method for the Detection of Tallow Adulteration in Cow Ghee. JPC Journal of Planar Chromatography Modern TLC 2013, 26, 486–490.
   Google Scholar
• Singhal, O.P. Adulterants and Methods for Detection. India Dairyman 1980, 32, 771–774.
   Google Scholar
• Lambelet, P.; Singhal, O.P.; Ganguli, N.C. Detection of Goat Body Fat in Ghee by Differential Thermal Analysis. Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society 1980, 57, 364.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Teletchea, F.; Maudet, C.; Catherine, H. Food and Forensic Molecular Identification: Update and Challenges. Trends in Biotechnology 2005, 7, 359–366.
   Google Scholar
• De, S.; Brahma, B.; Polley, S.; Mukherjee, A.; Banerjee, D.; Gohaina, M.; Singh, K.P.; Singh, R.; Datta, T.K.; Goswami, T.K. Simplex and Duplex PCR Assays for Species Specific Identification of Cattle and Buffalo Milk and Cheese. Food Control 2011, 22, 690–696.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Doosti, A.; Dehkordi, P.G.; Rahimi, E. Molecular Assay to Fraud Identification of Meat Products. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2014, 51, 148–152.
   Google Scholar
• Şakalar, E.; Kaynak, A. Practical Molecular Detection Method of Beef and Pork in Meat and Meat Products by Intercalating Dye Based Duplex Real-Time Polimerase Chain Reaction. International Journal of Food Properties 2016, 19, 31–40.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ali, M.E.; Rashid, N.R.A.; Hamid, S.B.A.; Hossain, S.M.A.; Asing, A.; Hossain, M.A.M.; Zaidul, I.S.M. Development and Validation of Short-Amplicon Length PCR Assay for Macaques Meat Detection under Complex Matrices. International Journal of Food Properties 2017, 20, 231–245.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Akasaki, T.; Yanagimoto, T.; Yamakami, K.; Tomonaga, H.; Sato, S. Species Identification and PCR-RFLP Analysis of Cytochrome B Gene in Cod Fish (Order Gadiformes) Products. Journal of Food Science 2006, 71, 190–195.
   Google Scholar
• De, S. Outlines of Dairy Technology; Oxford University Press: New Delhi, India, 2005; 441–443.
   Google Scholar
• Kumar, S.; Kahlon, T.; Chaudhary, S. A Rapid Screening for Adulterants in Olive Oil Using DNA Barcodes. Food Chemistry 2011, 127, 1335–1341.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sambrook, J.; Russell, D.W. Preparation and Analysis of Eukaryotic DNA. In Molecular Cloning: Alaboratory Manual; 3rd edn.; Cold spring Harbor Press: New York, USA, 1989; 631–632.
   Google Scholar
• Kumar, D.; Singha, S.P.; Singh, R.; Nagappa, S.K. A Highly Specific PCR Assay for Identification of Goat (Capra hircus) Meat. Small Ruminant Research 2011, 97, 76–78.
   Google Scholar
• Moreira, B.G.; You, Y.; Mark, A.B.; Richard, O. Effects of Fluorescent Dyes, Quenchers, and Dangling Ends on DNA Duplex Stability. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communication 2005, 327, 473–484.
   Google Scholar
• Wilson, I.G.;. Inhibition and Facilitation of Nucleic Acid Amplification. Applied Environmental Microbiology 1997, 63, 3741–3751.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nooratiny, I.; Sahilah, A.M.; Alif Alfie, A.R.; MohdFarouk, M.Y. DNA Extraction from Ghee and Beef Species Identification Using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) Assay. International Food Research Journal 2013, 20, 2959–2961.
   Google Scholar
• Maudet, C.; Taberlet, P. Detection of Cows’ Milk in Goats’ Cheeses Inferred from Mitochondrial DNA Polymorphism. Journal of Dairy Research 2001, 68, 229–235.
   Google Scholar
• Costa, J.; Isabel, M.; Joana, S.; Amaral, M.; Beatriz, P.; Oliveira, M.B.P.P. Detection of Genetically Modified Soybean DNA in Refined Vegetable Oils. European Food Research and Technology 2010, 230, 915–923.
   Google Scholar
• Hassan, K.I.; Ali, A.A. Evaluation of PCR Assay for Detection of Species Origin of Milk Powder. Journal of Biology & Life Sciences 2012, 201, 50–53.
   Google Scholar
• Hazra, T.; Sharma, V.; Sharma, R.; Arora, S. Simplex PCR Assay for Detection of Cow Milk Presence in Goat Milk. Indian Journal of Dairy Science 2016, 69, 621–625.
   Google Scholar