Chemical composition and antibacterial activity of Dracocephalum kotschyi essential oil obtained by microwave extraction and hydrodistillation

References

• Mozaffarian, V. A Dictionary of Iranian Plants Names; Farhang Moaser Publishers: Tehran, 1998.
   Google Scholar
• Rechinger, H. Labiatae in Flora Iranica; Akademische Druck Verlagsantalt: Graz, Austria, 1986; 218 p.
   Google Scholar
• Mirheydar, H. Maaref Giahi; Daftare Nashre Farhange Eslami: Tehran, 1995; 170 p.
   Google Scholar
• Sobhani, A.M.; Ebrahimi, S.A.; Mahmoudian, M. An in Vitro Evaluation of Human DNA Topoisomerase Iinhibition by Peganum harmala L. Seeds Extract and Its A-Carboline Alkaloids. Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences 2002, 5, 19–23.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sajjadi, S.E.; Atar, A.M.; Yektaian, A. Antihyperlipidemic Effect of Hydroalcoholic Extract, and Polyphenolic Fraction from Dracocephalum kotschyi Boiss. Pharmaceutica Acta Helvetiae 1998, 73, 167–170.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Amirghofran, Z.; Azadbakht, M.; Karimi, M.H. Evaluation of the Immunomodulatory Effects of Five Herbal Plants. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 2000, 72, 167–172.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Golshani, S.; Karamkhani, F.; Monsef-Esfehani, H.R.; Abdollahi, M. Antinociceptive Effects of the Essential Oil of Dracocephalum kotschyi in the Mouse Writhing Test. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2004, 7, 76–79.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jahaniani, F.; Ebrahimi, S.A.; Rahbar-Roshandel, N.; Mahmoudian, M. Xanthomicrol Is the Main Cytotoxic Component of Dracocephalum kotschyii and a Potential Anticancer Agent. Phytochemistry 2005, 66, 1581–1592.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moridi Farimani, M.; Namazi Sarvestani, N.; Ansari, N.; Khodagholi, F. Calycopterin Promotes Survival and Outgrowth of Neuron-Like PC12 Cells by Attenuation of Oxidative and ER-Stress-Induced Apoptosis along with Inflammatory Response. Chemical Research in Toxicology 2011, 24, 2280–2292.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Faham, N.; Javidnia, K.; Bahmani, M.; Amirghofran, Z. Calycopterin, an Immunoinhibitory Compound from the Extract of Dracocephalum kotschyi. Phytotherapy Research 2008, 22, 1154–1158.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sarvestani, N.N.; Khodagholi, F.; Ansari, N.; Farimani, M.M. Involvement of P-Creb and Phase II Detoxifying Enzyme System in Neuroprotection Mediated by the Flavonoid Calycopterin Isolated from Dracocephalum kotschyi. Phytomedicine 2013, 20, 939–946.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Esmaeili, M.A.; Farimani, M.M.; Kiaei, M. Anticancer Effect of Calycopterin via PI3K/Akt and MAPK Signaling Pathways, ROS-Mediated Pathway and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Hepatoblastoma Cancer (Hepg2) Cells. Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry 2014, 397, 17–31.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moghaddam, G.; Ebrahimi, S.A.; Rahbar‐Roshandel, N.; Foroumadi, A. Antiproliferative Activity of Flavonoids: Influence of the Sequential Methoxylation State of the Flavonoid Structure. Phytotherapy Research 2012, 26, 1023–1028.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saeidnia, S.; Gohari, A.R.; Uchiyama, N.; Ito, M.; Honda, G.; Kiuchi, F. Two New Monoterpene Glycosides and Trypanocidal Terpenoids from Dracocephalum kotschyi. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 2004, 52, 1249–1250.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Javidnia, K.; Miri, R.; Kamalinejad, M.; Khoshneviszadeh, M. Constituents of the Volatile Oils of Dracocephalum kotschyi Boiss from Iran. Journal of Essential Oil Research 2006, 18, 342–344.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yaghmai, M.S.; Taffazoli, R. The Essential Oil of Dracocephalum kotschyi Boiss. Flavour and Fragrance Journal 1988, 3, 33–36.
   Google Scholar
• Monsef-Esfahani, H.R.; Karamkhani, F.; Nickavar, B.; Abdi, K.; Faramarzi, M.A. The Volatile Constituents of Dracocephalum kotschyi Oils. Chemistry of Natural Compounds 2007, 43, 40–43.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saeidnia, S.; Gohari, A.R.; Hadjiakhoondi, A.; Shafiee, A. Bioactive Compounds of the Volatile Oil of Dracocephalum kotschyi. Zeitschrift Für Naturforschung C 2007, 62, 793–796.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sadgrove, N.; Jones, G. A Contemporary Introduction to Essential Oils: Chemistry, Bioactivity and Prospects for Australian Agriculture. Agriculture 2015, 5, 48–102.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dhifi, W.; Bellili, S.; Jazi, S.; Bahloul, N.; Mnif, W. Essential Oils’ Chemical Characterization and Investigation of Some Biological Activities: A Critical Review. Medicines 2016, 3, 25–41.
   Google Scholar
• Hussain, A.I.; Chatha, S.A.S.; Kamal, G.M.; Ali, M.A.; Hanif, M.A.; Lazhari, M.I. Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of Essential Oil and Extracts from Ocimum Sanctum. International Journal of Food Properties 2016, 1–13. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10942912.2016.1214145
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ferhat, M.A.; Meklati, B.Y.; Chemat, F. Comparison of Different Isolation Methods of Essential Oil from Citrus Fruits: Cold Pressing, Hydrodistillation and Microwave ‘Dry’distillation. Flavour and Fragrance Journal 2007, 22, 494–504.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kusuma, H.; Putri, D.; Dewi, I.; Mahfud, M. Solvent-Free Microwave Extraction as the Useful Tool for Extraction of Edible Essential Oils. Chemistry and Chemical Technology 2016, 10, 213–218.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Venkatesh, M.S.; Raghavan, G.S. An Overview of Microwave Processing and Dielectric Properties of Agri-Food Materials. Biosystems Engineering 2004, 88, 1–8.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, L.; Sun, D.W. Recent Developments in Numerical Modelling of Heating and Cooling Processes in the Food Industry-A Review. Trends in Food Science & Technology 2003, 14, 408–423.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, L.; Weller, C.L. Recent Advances in Extraction of Nutraceuticals from Plants. Trends in Food Science & Technology 2006, 17, 300–312.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vryzas, Z.; Papadopoulou-Mourkidou, E. Determination of Triazine and Chloroacetanilide Herbicides in Soils by Microwave-Assisted Extraction (MAE) Coupled to Gas Chromatographic Analysis with either GC-NPD or GC-MS. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2002, 50, 5026–5033.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sun, J.; Wang, W.; Yue, Q. Review on Microwave-Matter Interaction Fundamentals and Efficient Microwave-Associated Heating Strategies. Materials 2016, 9, 231–256.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nurdin, R.; Khalid, K.; Talib, Z.A.; Sukari, A.M. Development of Essential Oil Extraction by Microwave Assisted Process from a Local Plant. ECS Journal of Solid State Science and Technology 2006, 14, 107–114.
   Google Scholar
• Stashenko, E.E.; Jaramillo, B.E.; Martı́nez, J.R. Comparison of Different Extraction Methods for the Analysis of Volatile Secondary Metabolites of Lippia alba (Mill.) NE Brown, Grown in Colombia, and Evaluation of Its in Vitro Antioxidant Activity. Journal of Chromatography A 2004, 1025, 93–103.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lo Presti, M.; Ragusa, S.; Trozzi, A.; Dugo, P.; Visinoni, F.; Fazio, A.; Dugo, G.; Mondello, L. A Comparison between Different Techniques for the Isolation of Rosemary Essential Oil. Journal of Separation Science 2005, 28, 273–280.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Golmakani, M.T.; Rezaei, K. Comparison of Microwave-Assisted Hydrodistillation With the Traditional Hydrodistillation Method in the Extraction of Essential Oils from Thymus Vulgaris L. Food Chemistry 2008, 109, 925–930.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Golmakani, M.T.; Rezaei, K. Microwave‐Assisted Hydrodistillation of Essential Oil from Zataria multiflora Boiss. European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology 2008, 110, 448–454.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kahriman, N.; Tosun, G.; İskender, N.Y.; Karaoğlu, Ş.A.; Yayli, N. Antimicrobial Activity and a Comparative Essential Oil Analysis of Centaurea pulcherrima Willd. Var. Pulcherrima Extracted by Hydrodistillation and Microwave Distillation. Natural Product Research 2012, 26, 703–712.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Uysal, B.; Sozmen, F.; Kose, E.O.; Gokhan, D.I.; Oksal, B.S. Solvent-Free Microwave Extraction and Hydrodistillation of Essential Oils from Endemic Origanum husnucanbaseri H. Duman, Aytaç & A. Duran: Comparison of Antibacterial Activity and Contents. Natural Product Research 2010, 24, 1654–1663.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Michel, T.; Destandau, E.; Elfakir, C. Evaluation of a Simple and Promising Method for Extraction of Antioxidants from Sea Buckthorn (Hippophaë rhamnoides L.) Berries: Pressurised Solvent-Free Microwave Assisted Extraction. Food Chemistry 2011, 126, 1380–1386.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lucchesi, M.E.; Chemat, F.; Smadja, J. Solvent-Free Microwave Extraction of Essential Oil from Aromatic Herbs: Comparison with Conventional Hydro-Distillation. Journal of Chromatography A 2004, 1043, 323–327.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lucchesi, M.E.; Smadja, J.; Bradshaw, S.; Louw, W.; Chemat, F. Solvent Free Microwave Extraction of Elletaria cardamomum L.: A Multivariate Study of A New Technique for the Extraction of Essential Oil. Journal of Food Engineering 2007, 79, 1079–1086.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bayramoglu, B.; Sahin, S.; Sumnu, G. Solvent-Free Microwave Extraction of Essential Oil from Oregano. Journal of Food Engineering 2008, 88, 535–540.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Uysal, B.; Gencer, A.; Oksal, B.S. Comparative Antibacterial, Chemical and Morphological Study of Essential Oils of Thymbra spicata Var. Spicata Leaves by Solvent-Free Microwave Extraction and Hydro-Distillation. International Journal of Food Properties 2015, 18, 2349–2359.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Filly, A.; Fernandez, X.; Minuti, M.; Visinoni, F.; Cravotto, G.; Chemat, F. Solvent-Free Microwave Extraction of Essential Oil from Aromatic Herbs: From Laboratory to Pilot and Industrial Scale. Food Chemistry 2014, 150, 193–198.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Adams, R.P. Identification of Essential Oil Components by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry; Allured Publishing Corporation: Carol Stream, 2007.
   Google Scholar
• Jorgensen, J.H.; Turnidge, J.D. Antibacterial Susceptibility Tests: Dilution and Disk Diffusion Methods. In Manual of Clinical Microbiology; Murray, P.R.; Baron, E.J.; Jorgenson, J.H.; Pfaller, M.A.; Yolken, F.C.; Yolken, R.H.; Eds.; American Society for Microbiology: Washington, DC, 2007; 1152–1172.
   Google Scholar
• Tepe, B.; Sokmen, M.; Sokmen, A.; Daferera, D.; Polissiou, M. Antimicrobial and Antioxidative Activity of the Essential Oil and Various Extracts of Cyclotrichium origanifolium (Labill.). Manden. & Scheng. Journal of Food Engineering. 2005, 69, 335–342.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dewick, P.M.;. Medicinal Natural Products: A Biosynthetic Approach; John Wiley & Sons: New Jersey, United States, 2009; 193–198 pp.
   Google Scholar
• Deba, F.; Xuan, T.D.; Yasuda, M.; Tawata, S. Chemical Composition and Antioxidant, Antibacterial and Antifungal Activities of the Essential Oils from Bidens pilosa Linn. Var. Radiata. Food Control 2008, 19, 346–352.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sandri, I.G.; Zacaria, J.; Fracaro, F.; Delamare, A.P.; Echeverrigaray, S. Antimicrobial Activity of the Essential Oils of Brazilian Species of the Genus Cunila against Foodborne Pathogens and Spoiling Bacteria. Food Chemistry 2007, 103, 823–828.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sökmen, A.; Vardar‐Ünlü, G.; Polissiou, M.; Daferera, D.; Sökmen, M.; Dönmez, E. Antimicrobial Activity of Essential Oil and Methanol Extracts of Achillea sintenisii Hub. Mor. (Asteraceae). Phytotherapy Research 2003, 17, 1005–1010.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sodeifian, G.; Sajadian, S.A.; Ardestani, N.S. Extraction of Dracocephalum kotschyi Boiss Using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide: Experimental and Optimization. The Journal of Supercritical Fluids 2016, 107, 137–144.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Golparvar, A.R.; Hadipanah, A.; Gheisari, M.M.; Khaliliazar, R. Chemical Constituents of Essential Oil of Dracocephalum Moldavica L. and Dracocephalum kotschyi Boiss. from Iran. Acta Agriculturae Slovenica 2016, 107, 25–31.
   Google Scholar
• Fattahi, M.; Bonfill, M.; Fattahi, B.; Torras-Claveria, L.; Sefidkon, F.; Cusido, R.M.; Palazon, J. Secondary Metabolites Profiling of Dracocephalum kotschyi Boiss at Three Phenological Stages Using Uni-And Multivariate Methods. Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants 2016, 3, 177–185.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Russo, M.; Serra, D.; Suraci, F.; Postorino, S. Effectiveness of Electronic Nose Systems to Detect Bergamot (Citrus bergamia Risso Et Poiteau) Essential Oil Quality and Genuineness. Journal of Essential Oil Research 2012, 24, 137–151.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar