Phenolic profiles and cellular antioxidant activity of longan pulp of 24 representative Chinese cultivars

References

• Siriwardhana, N.; Kalupahana, N. S.; Cekanova, M.; Lemieux, M.; Greer, B.; Moustaidmoussa, N. Modulation of Adipose Tissue Inflammation by Bioactive Food Compounds. Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry 2013, 24, 613–623. DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2012.12.013.
   Google Scholar
• Wu, Y.-L.; Yi, G.-J.; Zhou, B.-R.; Zeng, J.; Huang, Y.-H. The Advancement of Research on Litchi and Longan Germplasm Resources in China. Scientia Horticulturae 2007, 114, 143–150. DOI: 10.1016/j.scienta.2007.07.016.
   Google Scholar
• Yang, B.; Jiang, Y.; Shi, J.; Chen, F.; Ashraf, M. Extraction and Pharmacological Properties of Bioactive Compounds from Longan (Dimocarpus Longan Lour.) Fruit - A Review. Food Research International 2011, 44, 1837–1842.
   Google Scholar
• Li, L.; Xu, J.; Mu, Y.; Han, L.; Liu, R.; Cai, Y.; Huang, X. Chemical Characterization and Anti-Hyperglycaemic Effects of Polyphenol Enriched Longan (Dimocarpus Longan Lour.) Pericarp Extracts. Journal of Functional Foods 2015, 13, 314–322. DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2015.01.006.
   Google Scholar
• Chung, Y.-C.; Lin, -C.-C.; Chou, -C.-C.; Hsu, C.-P. The Effect of Longan Seed Polyphenols on Colorectal Carcinoma Cells. European Journal of Clinical Investigation 2010, 40, 713–721. DOI: 10.1111/eci.2010.40.issue-8.
   Google Scholar
• He, N.; Wang, Z.; Yang, C.; Lu, Y.; Sun, D.; Wang, Y.; Shao, W.; Li, Q. Isolation and Identification of Polyphenolic Compounds in Longan Pericarp. Separation And Purification Technology 2009, 70, 219–224. DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2009.09.019.
   Google Scholar
• Park, S.-J.; Dong, H.-P.; Dong, H.-K.; Lee, S.; Yoon, B.-H.; Jung, W.-Y.; Lee, K.-T.; Cheong, J.-H.; Ryu, J.-H. The Memory-Enhancing Effects of Euphoria Longan Fruit Extract in Mice. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 2010, 128, 160–165. DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2010.01.001.
   Google Scholar
• Chen, J.-Y.; Xu, Y.-J.; Ge, -Z.-Z.; Zhu, W.; Xu, Z.; Li, C.-M. Structural Elucidation and Antioxidant Activity Evaluation of Key Phenolic Compounds Isolated from Longan (Dimocarpus Longan Lour.) Seeds. Journal of Functional Foods 2015, 17, 872–880. DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2015.06.028.
   Google Scholar
• Rangkadilok, N.; Worasuttayangkurn, L.; Bennett, R. N.; Satayavivad, J. Identification and Quantification of Polyphenolic Compounds in Longan (Euphoria Longana Lam.) Fruit. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2005, 53, 1387–1392. DOI: 10.1021/jf0403484.
   Google Scholar
• Sun, J.; Chu, Y.-F.; Wu, X.; Liu, R.-H. Antioxidant and Antiproliferative Activities of Common Fruits. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2002, 50, 7449–7454. DOI: 10.1021/jf0207530.
   Google Scholar
• Fu, L.; Xu, B.-T.; Xu, X.-R.; Gan, R.-Y.; Zhang, Y.; Xia, E.-Q.; Li, H.-B. Antioxidant Capacities and Total Phenolic Contents of 62 Fruits. Food Chemistry 2011, 129, 345–350. DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.04.079.
   Google Scholar
• Schaich, K.-M.; Tian, X.; Xie, J. Hurdles and Pitfalls in Measuring Antioxidant Efficacy: A Critical Evaluation of ABTS, DPPH, and ORAC Assays. Journal of Functional Foods 2015, 14, 111–125. DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2015.01.043.
   Google Scholar
• Su, D.; Zhang, R.; Hou, F.; Zhang, M.; Guo, J.; Huang, F.; Deng, Y.; Wei, Z. Comparison of the Free and Bound Phenolic Profiles and Cellular Antioxidant Activities of Litchi Pulp Extracts from Different Solvents. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2014, 14, 1–10. DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-9.
   Google Scholar
• Wolfe, K.; Wu, X.; Liu, R. H. Antioxidant Activity of Apple Peels. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2003, 51, 609–614. DOI: 10.1021/jf020782a.
   Google Scholar
• Dewanto, V.; Wu, X.; Liu, R.-H. Processed Sweet Corn Has Higher Antioxidant Activity. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2002, 50, 4959–4964. DOI: 10.1021/jf0255937.
   Google Scholar
• Zhang, R.; Zeng, Q.; Deng, Y.; Zhang, M.; Wei, Z.; Zhang, Y.; Tang, X. Phenolic Profiles and Antioxidant Activity of Litchi Pulp of Different Cultivars Cultivated in Southern China. Food Chemistry 2013, 136, 1169–1176. DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.09.085.
   Google Scholar
• Wolfe, K.-L.; Liu, R.-H. Cellular Antioxidant Activity (CAA) Assay for Assessing Antioxidants, Foods, and Dietary Supplements. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2007, 55, 8896–8907. DOI: 10.1021/jf0715166.
   Google Scholar
• Alothman, M.; Rajeev, B.; Karim, -A.-A. Antioxidant Capacity and Phenolic Content of Selected Tropical Fruits from Malaysia, Extracted with Different Solvents. Food Chemistry 2009, 115, 785–788. DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.12.005.
   Google Scholar
• Septembre-Malaterre, A.; Stanislas, G.; Douraguia, E.; Gonthier, M.-P. Evaluation of Nutritional and Antioxidant Properties of the Tropical Fruits Banana, Litchi, Mango, Papaya, Passion Fruit and Pineapple Cultivated in Réunion French Island. Food Chemistry 2016, 212, 225–233. DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.05.147.
   Google Scholar
• Meyers, K.-J.; Watkins, C.-B.; Pritts, M.-P.; Liu, R.-H. Antioxidant and Antiproliferative Activities of Strawberries. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2003, 51, 6887–6892. DOI: 10.1021/jf034506n.
   Google Scholar
• Shi, J.; Sun, J.; Wei, X.; Shi, J.; Cheng, G.; Zhao, M.; Wang, J.; Yang, B.; Jiang, Y. Identification of (−)-Epicatechin as the Direct Substrate for Polyphenol Oxidase from Longan Fruit Pericarp. LWT - Food Science and Technology 2008, 41, 1742–1747.
   Google Scholar
• Cremonini, E.; Bettaieb, A.; Haj, F.-G.; Fraga, C.-G.; Oteiza, P.-I. (-)-Epicatechin Improves Insulin Sensitivity in High Fat Diet-Fed Mice. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 2016, 599, 13–21. DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2016.03.006.
   Google Scholar
• Singh, A.; Demont, A.; Actisgoretta, L.; Holvoet, S.; Lévêques, A.; Lepage, M.; Nutten, S.; Mercenier, A. Identification of Epicatechin as One of the Key Bioactive Constituents of Polyphenol-Enriched Extracts that Demonstrate an Anti-Allergic Effect in a Murine Model of Food Allergy. British Journal of Nutrition 2014, 112, 358–368. DOI: 10.1017/S0007114514000877.
   Google Scholar
• Cox C-J, Fahd C, Eleanor P, Perkinton M-S, Richardson J-C, Howlett D-R, Lichtenthaler S-F, Francis P-T, Williams R-J. Dietary (-)-Epicatechin as a Potent Inhibitor of βγ-secretase Amyloid Precursor Protein Processing. Neurobiology of Aging 2015, 36, 178–187. DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2014.07.032.
   Google Scholar
• Tsanovasavova, S.; Ribarova, F.; Gerova, M. (+)-Catechin and (-)-Epicatechin in Bulgarian Fruits. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis 2005, 18, 691–698. DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2004.06.008.
   Google Scholar
• Wang, H.; Guo, X.; Hu, X.; Li, T.; Fu, X.; Liu, R.-H. Comparison of Phytochemical Profiles, Antioxidant and Cellular Antioxidant Activities of Different Varieties of Blueberry (Vaccinium Spp.). Food Chemistry 2017, 217, 773–781. DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.09.002.
   Google Scholar
• Murador, D.-C.; Mercadante, A.-Z.; Rosso, -V.-V.-D. Cooking Techniques Improve the Levels of Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Activity in Kale and Red Cabbage. Food Chemistry 2016, 196, 1101–1107. DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.10.037.
   Google Scholar
• Chen, C.; Wang, L.; Wang, R.; Luo, X.; Li, Y.; Li, J.; Li, Y.; Chen, Z. Phenolic Contents, Cellular Antioxidant Activity and Antiproliferative Capacity of Different Varieties of Oats. Food Chemistry 2018, 239, 260–267. DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.06.104.
   Google Scholar
• Mcdowell, A.; Thompson, S.; Stark, M.; Ou, Z.-Q.; Gould, K.-S. Antioxidant Activity of Puha (Sonchus Oleraceus L.) As Assessed by the Cellular Antioxidant Activity (CAA) Assay. Phytotherapy Research 2011, 25, 1876–1882. DOI: 10.1002/ptr.3648.
   Google Scholar
• Wolfe, K. L.; Kang, X.; He, X.; Dong, M.; Zhang, Q.; Liu, R. H. Cellular Antioxidant Activity of Common Fruits. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2008, 56, 8418–8426. DOI: 10.1021/jf801381y.
   Google Scholar