Agglomeration economies and firm performance in Chinese cities: does CEO educational specialization matter

References

• Acs, Z. J., and C. Armington. 2004. “The Impact of Geographic Differences in Human Capital on Service Firm Formation Rates.” Journal of Urban Economics 56 (2): 244–278. doi:10.1016/j.jue.2004.03.008.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Adler, P. S., and S. W. Kwon. 2002. “Social Capital: Prospects for a New Concept.” Academy of Management Review 27 (1): 17–40. doi:10.5465/amr.2002.5922314.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bai, C. E., Q. Liu, J. Lu, F. M. Song, and J. Zhang. 2004. “Corporate Governance and Market Valuation in China.” Journal of Comparative Economics 32 (4): 599–616. doi:10.1016/j.jce.2004.07.002.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barker, V. L., III and G. C. Mueller. 2002. “CEO Characteristics and Firm R&D Spending.” Management Science 48 (6): 782–801. doi:10.1287/mnsc.48.6.782.187.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bathelt, H., and G. Zeng. 2012. “Strong Growth in Weakly-Developed Networks: producer–User Interaction and Knowledge Brokers in the Greater Shanghai Chemical Industry.” Applied Geography 32 (1): 158–170. doi:10.1016/j.apgeog.2010.11.015.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beaudry, C., and A. Schiffauerova. 2009. “Who's Right, Marshall or Jacobs? The Localization versus Urbanization Debate.” Research Policy 38 (2): 318–337. doi:10.1016/j.respol.2008.11.010.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bennis, Warren G., and James. O'Toole. 2005. “How Business Schools Lost Their Way.” Harvard Business Review 83 (5): 96–104.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bertrand, M., and A. Schoar. 2003. “Managing with Style: The Effect of Managers on Firm Policies.” The Quarterly Journal of Economics 118 (4): 1169–1208. doi:10.1162/003355303322552775.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bosetti, V., C. Cattaneo, and E. Verdolini. 2015. “Migration of Skilled Workers and Innovation: A European Perspective.” Journal of International Economics 96 (2): 311–322. doi:10.1016/j.jinteco.2015.04.002.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bun, M. J., and A. E. Makhloufi. 2007. “Dynamic Externalities, Local Industrial Structure and Economic Development: panel Data Evidence for Morocco.” Regional Studies 41 (6): 823–837. doi:10.1080/00343400601142787.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chan, J. 2015. Is China creating a workforce with no soft skills? https://www.britishcouncil.org/voices-magazine/china-creating-workforce-no-soft-skills
   Google Scholar
• Combes, P. P. 2000. “Economic Structure and Local Growth: France, 1984–1993.” Journal of Urban Economics 47 (3): 329–355. doi:10.1006/juec.1999.2143.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crossland, C., J. Zyung, N. J. Hiller, and D. C. Hambrick. 2014. “CEO Career Variety: Effects on Firm-Level Strategic and Social Novelty.” Academy of Management Journal 57 (3): 652–674. doi:10.5465/amj.2012.0469.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Groot, H. L. F. J. Poot, and M. Smit. 2009. “Agglomeration Externalities, Innovation and Regional Growth: Theoretical Perspectives and Meta-Analysis.” In Handbook of Regional Growth and Development Theories, edited by Cappello, R., and P. Nijkamp, Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.
   Google Scholar
• Fu, S., and J. Hong. 2011. “Testing Urbanization Economies in Manufacturing Industries: urban Diversity or Urban Size?” Journal of Regional Science 51 (3): 585–603. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9787.2010.00702.x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Glaeser, E. L., H. D. Kallal, J. A. Scheinkman, and A. Shleifer. 1992. “Growth in Cities.” Journal of Political Economy 100 (6): 1126–1152. doi:10.1086/261856.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grant, R. M. 1996. “Toward a Knowledge‐Based Theory of the Firm.” Strategic Management Journal 17 (S2): 109–122. doi:10.1002/smj.4250171110.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hambrick, D. C., and P. A. Mason. 1984. “Upper Echelons: The Organization as a Reflection of Its Top Managers.” The Academy of Management Review 9 (2): 193–206. doi:10.2307/258434.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hansen, K. T., J. J. Heckman, and K. J. Mullen. 2004. “The Effect of Schooling and Ability on Achievement Test Scores.” Journal of Econometrics 121 (1–2): 39–98. doi:10.1016/j.jeconom.2003.10.011.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Henderson, J. V. 2003. “Marshall's Scale Economies.” Journal of Urban Economics 53 (1): 1–28. doi:10.1016/S0094-1190(02)00505-3.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Henderson, V., A. Kuncoro, and M. Turner. 1995. “Industrial Development in Cities.” Journal of Political Economy 103 (5): 1067–1090. doi:10.1086/262013.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Herrmann, P. 2002. “The Influence of CEO Characteristics on the International Diversification of Manufacturing Firms: An Empirical Study in the United States.” International Journal of Management 19 (2): 279.
   Google Scholar
• Herrmann, P., and D. K. Datta. 2002. “CEO Successor Characteristics and the Choice of Foreign Market Entry Mode: An Empirical Study.” Journal of International Business Studies 33 (3): 551–569. doi:10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8491031.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hitt, M. A., and B. B. Tyler. 1991. “Strategic Decision Models: Integrating Different Perspectives.” Strategic Management Journal 12 (5): 327–351. doi:10.1002/smj.4250120502.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hsu, W. T., H. L. Chen, and C. Y. Cheng. 2013. “Internationalization and Firm Performance of SMEs: The Moderating Effects of CEO Attributes.” Journal of World Business 48 (1): 1–12. doi:10.1016/j.jwb.2012.06.001.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ichniowski, C., K. Shaw, and G. Prennushi. 1997. “The Effects of Human Resource Management Practices on Productivity: A Study of Steel Finishing Lines.” The American Economic Review 87: 291–313.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jenkins, R. L., and R. C. Reizenstein. 1984. “Insights into the MBA: Contents, Output and Relevance.” Selections: The Magazine of the Graduate Management Admission Council 1 (1): 19–24.
   Google Scholar
• Kato, T., and C. Long. 2006. “Executive Turnover and Firm Performance in China.” American Economic Review 96 (2): 363–367. doi:10.1257/000282806777212576.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kogut, B., and U. Zander. 1992. “Knowledge of the Firm, Combinative Capabilities, and the Replication of Technology.” Organization Science 3 (3): 383–397. doi:10.1287/orsc.3.3.383.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kogut, B., and U. Zander. 1996. “What Firms Do? Coordination, Identity, and Learning.” Organization Science 7 (5): 502–518. doi:10.1287/orsc.7.5.502.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, H., L. Meng, Q. Wang, and L. A. Zhou. 2008. “Political Connections, Financing and Firm Performance: Evidence from Chinese Private Firms.” Journal of Development Economics 87 (2): 283–299. doi:10.1016/j.jdeveco.2007.03.001.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lin, C., P. Lin, F. M. Song, and C. Li. 2011. “Managerial Incentives, CEO Characteristics and Corporate Innovation in China’s Private Sector.” Journal of Comparative Economics 39 (2): 176–190. doi:10.1016/j.jce.2009.12.001.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu, Y., Z. Wei, and F. Xie. 2014. “Do Women Directors Improve Firm Performance in China?” Journal of Corporate Finance 28: 169–184. doi:10.1016/j.jcorpfin.2013.11.016.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mameli, F., A. Faggian, and P. McCann. 2014. “The Estimation of Local Employment Growth: Do Sectoral Aggregation and Industry Definition Matter?” Regional Studies 48 (11): 1813–1828. doi:10.1080/00343404.2012.756578.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marrocu, E., R. Paci, and S. Usai. 2013. “Productivity Growth in the Old and New Europe: The Role of Agglomeration Externalities.” Journal of Regional Science 53 (3): 418–442. doi:10.1111/jors.12000.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mccann, B. T., and T. B. Folta. 2011. “Performance Differentials within Geographic Clusters.” Journal of Business Venturing 26 (1): 104–123. doi:10.1016/j.jbusvent.2009.04.004.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Melo, P. C., D. J. Graham, and R. B. Noland. 2009. “A Meta-Analysis of Estimates of Urban Agglomeration Economies.” Regional Science and Urban Economics 39 (3): 332–342. doi:10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2008.12.002.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ottaviano, G. I., and G. Peri. 2006. “The Economic Value of Cultural Diversity: evidence from US Cities.” Journal of Economic Geography 6 (1): 9–44. doi:10.1093/jeg/lbi002.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ottaviano, G. I., G. Peri, and G. C. Wright. 2018. “Immigration, Trade and Productivity in Services: Evidence from UK Firms.” Journal of International Economics 112: 88–108. doi:10.1016/j.jinteco.2018.02.007.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Porter, L. W, and L. E. Mckibbin. 1988. Management Education and Development: Drift or Thrust into the 21st Century?. Hightstown, NJ: McGraw-Hill Book Company.
   Google Scholar
• PUGA, D. 2010. “The Magnitude and Causes of Agglomeration Economies.” Journal of Regional Science 50 (1): 203–219. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9787.2009.00657.x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Redding, S. J. 2010. “The Empirics of New Economic Geography.” Journal of Regional Science 50 (1): 297–311. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9787.2009.00646.x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosenthal, S. S., and W. C. Strange. 2004. “Evidence on the Nature and Sources of Agglomeration Economies.” Handbook of Regional and Urban Economics 4: 2119–2171.
   Google Scholar
• Sahin, M., P. Nijkamp, and R. Stough. 2011. “Impact of Urban Conditions on Firm Performance of Migrant Entrepreneurs: A Comparative Dutch–US Study.” The Annals of Regional Science 46 (3): 661–689. doi:10.1007/s00168-009-0351-2.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Teece, D. J. 2011. “Achieving Integration of the Business School Curriculum Using the Dynamic Capabilities Framework.” Journal of Management Development 30 (5): 499–518. doi:10.1108/02621711111133019.
   Google Scholar
• Thong, J. Y., and C. S. Yap. 1995. “CEO Characteristics, Organizational Characteristics and Information Technology Adoption in Small Businesses.” Omega 23 (4): 429–442. doi:10.1016/0305-0483(95)00017-I.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tihanyi, L., A. E. Ellstrand, C. M. Daily, and D. R. Dalton. 2000. “Composition of the Top Management Team and Firm International Diversification.” Journal of Management 26 (6): 1157–1177. doi:10.1177/014920630002600605.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tyler, B. B., and H. K. Steensma. 1998. “The Effects of Executives' Experiences and Perceptions on Their Assessment of Potential Technological Alliances.” Strategic Management Journal 19 (10): 939–965. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-0266(199810)19:10<939::AID-SMJ978>3.0.CO;2-Z.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wei, Y. D., and I. Liefner. 2012. “Globalization, Industrial Restructuring, and Regional Development in China.” Applied Geography 32 (1): 102–105. doi:10.1016/j.apgeog.2011.02.005.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wei, J., Z. Ouyang, and H. A. Chen. 2018. “CEO Characteristics and Corporate Philanthropic Giving in an Emerging Market: The Case of China.” Journal of Business Research 87: 1–11. doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2018.02.018.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wiersema, M. F., and K. A. Bantel. 1992. “Top Management Team Demography and Corporate Strategic Change.” Academy of Management Journal 35 (1): 91–121.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang, F. F., and A. G. Yeh. 2013. “Spatial Development of Producer Services in the Chinese Urban System.” Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 45 (1): 159–179. doi:10.1068/a45106.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, C. 2019. “The Chinese Mosaic: Cultural Diversity and Creative Cities.” Journal of Regional Science 59 (2): 214–227. doi:10.1111/jors.12416.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar