The politics of vaccination: a closer look at the beliefs, social norms, and prevention behaviors related to COVID-19 vaccine uptake within two US political parties

References

• Agarwal, R., Dugas, M., Ramaprasad, J., Luo, J., Li, G., & Gao, G. (2021). Socioeconomic privilege and political ideology are associated with racial disparity in COVID-19 vaccination. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS, 118(33), 1. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2107873118
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beatty, A. L., Peyser, N. D., Butcher, X. E., Cocohoba, J. M., Lin, F., Olgin, J. E., Pletcher, M. J., & Marcus, G. M. (2021). Analysis of COVID-19 vaccine type and adverse effects following vaccination. JAMA Network Open, 4(12), e2140364. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.40364
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berinsky, A. J., Huber, G. A., & Lenz, G. S. (2012). Evaluating online labor markets for experimental research: Amazon.com’s mechanical Turk. Political Analysis, 20(3), 351–368. https://doi.org/10.1093/pan/mpr057
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bruine de Bruin, W., Parker, A. M., Galesic, M., & Vardavas, R. (2019). Reports of social circles’ and own vaccination behavior: A national longitudinal survey. Health Psychology, 38(11), 975–983. https://doi.org/10.1037/hea0000771
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CDC COVID-19 Study Shows mRNA Vaccines Reduce Risk of Infection by 91 Percent for Fully Vaccinated People. (2021). Centers for Disease Control and.
   Google Scholar
• Chandler, J., & Shapiro, D. (2016). Conducting Clinical research using crowdsourced convenience samples. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 12(1), 53–81. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-021815-093623
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chu, H., & Liu, S. (2021). Integrating health behavior theories to predict American’s intention to receive a COVID-19 vaccine. Patient Education and Counseling, 104(8), 1878–1886. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pec.2021.02.031
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coronavirus (COVID-19) Update: FDA Authorizes Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine for Emergency Use in Adolescents in Another Important Action in Fight Against Pandemic. (2021). Centers for disease control and prevention. https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/coronavirus-covid-19-update- fda-authorizes-pfizer-biontech-covid-19-vaccine-emergency-use
   Google Scholar
• COVID Data Tracker. (2022). Centers for Disease control and prevention. https://covid.cdc.gov/covid-data-tracker/#variant-proportions
   Google Scholar
• Créquit, P., Mansouri, G., Benchoufi, M., Vivot, A., & Ravaud, P. (2018). Mapping of crowdsourcing in health: Systematic review. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 20(5), e187. https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.9330
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eden, J., Salas, J., Santos Rutschman, A., Prener, C. G., Niemotka, S. L., & Wiemken, T. L. (2021). Associations of presidential voting preference and gubernatorial control with county-level COVID-19 case and death rates in the continental United States. Public Health (London), 198, 161–163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2021.07.038
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ferdinands, J. M., Thompson, M. G., Blanton, L., Spencer, S., Grant, L., & Fry, A. M. (2021). Does influenza vaccination attenuate the severity of breakthrough infections? A narrative review and recommendations for further research. Vaccine: X, 39(28), 3678–3695. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.05.011
   Google Scholar
• Follmer, D. J., Sperling, R. A., & Suen, H. K. (2017). The role of MTurk in education research: Advantages, issues, and future directions. Educational Researcher, 46(6), 329–334. https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189X17725519
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hart, P. S., Chinn, S., & Soroka, S. (2020). Politicization and polarization in COVID-19 news coverage. Science Communication, 42(5), 679–697. https://doi.org/10.1177/1075547020950735
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huff, C., & Tingley, D. (2015). “Who are these people?” evaluating the demographic characteristics and political preferences of MTurk survey respondents. Research & Politics, 2(3), 205316801560464. https://doi.org/10.1177/2053168015604648
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• IBM Corp. (2020). IBM SPSS Statistics for Macintosh [computer software]. IBM Corp.
   Google Scholar
• Kempthorne, J. C., & Terrizzi, J. A. (2021). The behavioral immune system and conservatism as predictors of disease-avoidant attitudes during the COVID-19 pandemic. Personality and Individual Differences, 178, 110857. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2021.110857
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kerr, J., Panagopoulos, C., & van der Linden, S. (2021). Political polarization on COVID-19 pandemic response in the United States. Personality and Individual Differences, 179, 110892. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2021.110892
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kiviniemi, M. T., Orom, H., Hay, J. L., & Waters, E. A. (2022). Prevention is political: Political party affiliation predicts perceived risk and prevention behaviors for COVID-19. BMC Public Health, 22(1), 298. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-12649-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kreps, S., Prasad, S., Brownstein, J. S., Hswen, Y., Garibaldi, B. T., Zhang, B., & Kriner, D. L. (2020). Factors associated with US adults’ likelihood of accepting COVID-19 vaccination. JAMA Network Open, 3(10), e2025594. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.25594
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Latkin, C. A., Dayton, L., Kaufman, M. R., Schneider, K. E., Strickland, J. C., & Konstantopoulos, A. (2022). Social norms and prevention behaviors in the United States early in the COVID-19 pandemic. Psychology, Health & Medicine, 27(1), 162–177. https://doi.org/10.1080/13548506.2021.2004315
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Latkin, C. A., Dayton, L., Yi, G., Konstantopoulos, A., & Boodram, B. (2021). Trust in a COVID-19 vaccine in the U.S.: A social-ecological perspective. Social Science & Medicine (1982), 270, 113684. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.113684
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Latkin, C., Dayton, L. A., Yi, G., Konstantopoulos, A., Park, J., Maulsby, C., & Kong, X. (2021). COVID-19 vaccine intentions in the United States, a social-ecological framework. Vaccine: X, 39(16), 2288–2294. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.02.058
   Google Scholar
• Mesch, G. S., & Schwirian, K. P. (2015). Social and political determinants of vaccine hesitancy: Lessons learned from the H1N1 pandemic of 2009-2010. American Journal of Infection Control, 43(11), 1161–1165. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2015.06.031
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Montagni, I., Ouazzani-Touhami, K., Mebarki, A., Texier, N., Schück, S., and Tzourio, C. & CONFINS group. (2021). Acceptance of a covid-19 vaccine is associated with ability to detect fake news and health literacy. Journal of Public Health (Oxford, England), 43(4), 695–702. https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdab028
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Muric, G., Wu, Y., & Ferrara, E. (2021). COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy on social media: Building a public twitter data set of antivaccine content, vaccine misinformation, and conspiracies. JMIR Public Health and Surveillance, 7(11), e30642. https://doi.org/10.2196/30642
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Order: Wearing of face masks while on conveyances and at transportation hubs. (2022). Centers For disease control and prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/quarantine/masks/mask-travel-guidance.html
   Google Scholar
• Pleschka, S. (2012). Overview of influenza viruses. In Current topics in microbiology and immunology (pp. 1–20). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/82_2012_272
   Google Scholar
• Pogue, K., Jensen, J. L., Stancil, C. K., Ferguson, D. G., Hughes, S. J., Mello, E. J., Burgess, R., Berges, B. K., Quaye, A., & Poole, B. D. (2020). Influences on attitudes regarding potential COVID-19 vaccination in the United States. Vaccines (Basel), 8(4), 582. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines8040582
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Polack, F. P., Thomas, S. J., Kitchin, N., Absalon, J., Gurtman, A., Lockhart, S., Perez, J. L., Pérez Marc, G., Moreira, E. D., Zerbini, C., Bailey, R., Swanson, K. A., Roychoudhury, S., Koury, K., Li, P., Kalina, W. V., Cooper, D., Frenck, R. W., Hammitt, L. L., Türeci, Ö, … C4591001 Clinical Trial Group. (2020). Safety and efficacy of the BNT162b2 mRNA covid-19 vaccine. The New England Journal of Medicine, 383(27), 2603–2615. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2034577
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Quinn, S. C., Jamison, A. M., An, J., Hancock, G. R., & Freimuth, V. S. (2019). Measuring vaccine hesitancy, confidence, trust and flu vaccine uptake: Results of a national survey of White and African American adults. Vaccine: X, 37(9), 1168–1173. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.01.033
   Google Scholar
• Remarks by President Biden on the COVID-⁠19 Response and the State of Vaccinations. (2021). The White House. https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/speeches- remarks/2021/03/29/remarks-by-president-biden-on-the-covid-19-response-and-the-state- of-vaccinations/
   Google Scholar
• Schmid, P., Rauber, D., Betsch, C., Lidolt, G., Denker, M., & Cowling, B. J. (2017). Barriers of Influenza vaccination Intention and behavior – a systematic review of Influenza vaccine hesitancy, 2005 – 2016. PloS One, 12(1), e0170550. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0170550
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Self, W. H., Tenforde, M. W., Rhoads, J. P., Gaglani, M., Ginde, A. A., Douin, D. J., Olson, S. M., Talbot, H. K., Casey, J. D., Mohr, N. M., Zepeski, A., McNeal, T., Ghamande, S., Gibbs, K. W., Files, D. C., Hager, D. N., Shehu, A., Prekker, M. E., Erickson, H. L., Gong, M. N., … IVY Network. (2021). Comparative effectiveness of Moderna, Pfizer-BioNTech, and Janssen (Johnson & Johnson) vaccines in preventing COVID-19 hospitalizations among adults without immunocompromising conditions — United States, March–August 2021. MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 70(38), 1337–1343. https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7038e1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ten Threats to Global Health in 2019. (2022). World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/news-room/spotlight/ten-threats-to-global-health-in-2019
   Google Scholar
• Willis, D. E., Andersen, J. A., Bryant‐Moore, K., Selig, J. P., Long, C. R., Felix, H. C., Curran, G. M., & McElfish, P. A. (2021). COVID‐19 vaccine hesitancy: Race/ethnicity, trust, and fear. Clinical and Translational Science, 14(6), 2200–2207. https://doi.org/10.1111/cts.13077
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yu, H., Siegel, J. Z., Clithero, J. A., & Crockett, M. J. (2021). How peer influence shapes value computation in moral decision-making. Cognition, 211, 104641. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2021.104641
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar