Dealing with illiberal and discriminatory aspects of faith in religious education: a case study of Quebec’s Ethics and Religious Culture curriculum

References

• Audet, G. 2008. “La relation enseignant-parents d’un enfant d’une autre culture sous l’angle du rapport à l’altérité” [The Teacher-parent Relation for Children of Another Culture from the Perspective of the Relation of Otherness]. Revue des sciences de l’éducation [Journal of Educational Science] 34 (2): 333–350. doi:10.7202/019684ar.
   Google Scholar
• Balakrishnana, Vishalache. 2016. “Global Perspectives: Malaysia.” In Religion in National Systems of Education: Insider and Outsider Perspectives in Religious Education in England, edited by Brian Gates, 397–404. Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck.
   Google Scholar
• Baril, D. 2016. “Vous avez dit ‘approche culturelle?” [Did You Say ‘Cultural Approach’?]. In La face cachée du cours Éthique et culture religieuse [The Dark Side of the Ethics and Religious Culture Course], edited by D. Baril and N. Baillargeon, 89–120. Montreal: Leméac.
   Google Scholar
• Bialystok, L. 2018. “‘My Child, My Choice’? Mandatory Curriculum, Sex and the Conscience of Parents.” Educational Theory 68 (1): 11–29. doi:10.1111/edth.2018.68.issue-1.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boudreau, S. 2011. “From Confessional to Cultural: Religious Education in the Schools of Québec.” Religion and Education 38 (3): 212–223. doi:10.1080/15507394.2011.609104.
   Google Scholar
• Clarke, P., and R. Trask. 2006. “Teachers’ Freedom of Expression: A Shifting Landscape – Part One – Critical Political Expression to Parents and Others.” Education and Law Journal 22: 304–326.
   Google Scholar
• Conseil du statut de la femme. 2016. Avis sur l’égalité entre les sexes en milieu scolaire [Report on Sexual Equality in Schools]. Québec: Conseil du statut de la femme.
   Google Scholar
• Crook, K., and D. Truscott. 2015. Ethics and Law for Teachers. 2nd ed. Toronto: Nelson College Indigenous.
   Google Scholar
• El-Mabrouk, N., and M. Sirois. 2016. “Stéréotypes sexists et stéréotypes culturels dans les manuels d’ÉCR au primaire” [Sexist and Cultural Stereotypes in Primary-Level ERC Texbooks]. In La face cachée du cours Éthique et culture religieuse [The Dark Side of the Ethics and Religious Culture Course], edited by D. Baril and N. Baillargeon, 121–148. Montreal: Leméac.
   Google Scholar
• Fergusson, René. 2016. “Global Perspectives: South Africa.” In Religion in National Systems of Education: Insider and Outsider Perspectives in Religious Education in England, edited by Brian Gates, 416–423. Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2016.
   Google Scholar
• Folgerø v. Norway. 2007. ECtHR, App. No. 15472/01.
   Google Scholar
• Franken, L. 2018. “Religious Studies and Nonconfessional RE: Countering the Debates.” Religion and Education 45 (2): 155–172. doi:10.1080/15507394.2018.1452519.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gagné, A. 2016. “Prévenir la radicalisation chez les jeunes” [“Preventing Youth Radicalization”]. In La face cachée du cours Éthique et culture religieuse [The Dark Side of the Ethics and Religious Culture Course], edited by D. Baril and N. Baillargeon, 199–216. Montreal: Leméac.
   Google Scholar
• Gagnon, M. 2016. “L’enseignement du programme d’éthique par la pratique du dialogue philosophique” [Teaching Ethics in Schools through the Practice of Philosophical Dialogue]. In La face cachée du cours Éthique et culture religieuse [The Dark Side of the Ethics and Religious Culture Course], edited by D. Baril and N. Baillargeon, 265–288. Montreal: Leméac.
   Google Scholar
• Gates, B. 2016. Religion and Nationhood. Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck.
   Google Scholar
• Gee, K. 2009. “Establishing a Constitutional Standard that Protects Public School Teacher Classroom Expression.” Journal of Law and Education 38 (3): 409–454.
   Google Scholar
• Gravel, S., and S. Lefebvre. 2012. “Impartialité et neutralité autour du programme ÉCR” [Impartiality and Neutrality Around the ERC Curriculum]. In Le programme de l’éthique et culture religieuse [The Ethics and Religious Culture Curriculum], edited by M. Estivalèzes and S. Lefebvre, 191–213. Québec: Presses de l’Université Laval.
   Google Scholar
• Hess, D. E., and P. McAvoy. 2015. The Political Classroom. New York: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Hirsch, S., and D. Jeffrey. Forthcoming. “Approche critique dans le programme québécois d’Éthique et culture religieuse” [The Critical Approach in Quebec’s Ethics and Religious Culture Curriculum]. In Pensées disciplinaires et pensée critique : enjeux de la spécificité et de la transversalité pour l’enseignement et la recherche [Disciplinary and Critical Thinking: The Challenges of Specificity and Globalism in Teaching and Research], edited by M. Gagnon and A. Hansi. Montréal: Groupéditions.
   Google Scholar
• International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, adopted and opened for signature by the General Assembly, on 16 December 1966, GA Res. 2200A (XXI), 1 UN GAOR Supp. (No. 16) at 49, UN Doc. A/6316 (1996).
   Google Scholar
• Kharyati, T., and B. Kutsyuruba. 2018. “Understanding the Impact of Quebec’s Bill 56 on School Administrators’ Work in Maintaining a Positive School Climate.” In Perspectives on Canadian Educational Law and Policy, edited by W. Smale, 289–331. Burlington, Ontario: Word & Deed Publishing.
   Google Scholar
• Kizilabdullah, Sahin, and Yildiz KizilabdullahIn. 2016. “Global Perspectives: Turkey.” In Religion in National Systems of Education: Insider and Outsider Perspectives in Religious Education in England, edited by Brian Gates, 423–430. Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck.
   Google Scholar
• Lavoie, B. 2015. “Dynamiques discordantes dans la régulation de la liberté de religion au Canada” [Discordant Dynamics in the Regulation of Religious Freedom in Canada]. Réguler le religieux [Regulating the Religious] 4 (Hiver): 1–20.
   Google Scholar
• Lebuis, P. 2008. “Enseigner l’ÉCR” [Teaching ERC]. In Les défis de la formation à l’éthique et à la culture religieuse [Challenges for Teacher Preparation in Ethics and Religious Culture], edited by J.-P. Bélandet and P. Lebuis, 109–146. Québec: Presses de l’Université Laval.
   Google Scholar
• Leirvåg v. Norway. 2004. UN Human Rights Committee, CCPR/C/82/D/1155/2003, Communication No. 1155/2003, November 23.
   Google Scholar
• Leroux, G. 2016. Différence et liberté : Enjeux actuels de l’éducation au pluralisme [Difference and Freedom: Current Issues in Education for Pluralism]. Montréal: Boréal.
   Google Scholar
• Lucier, P. 2008. “L’approche culturelle du phénomène religieux” [The Culture Approach to Understanding Religion]. Éthique publique [Public Ethics] 10 (1): 1–13.
   Google Scholar
• MacKay, W. A., L. Sutherland, and K. D. Pochini. 2013. Teachers and the Law. 3rd ed. Toronto: Edmond Montgomery.
   Google Scholar
• Maxwell, B., K. McDonough, and D. Waddington. 2018. “Broaching the Subject: Developing Law-based Principles for Teacher Free Speech in the Classroom.” Teaching and Teacher Education 70: 196–203. doi:10.1016/j.tate.2017.11.020.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moore, D. 2012. “Pour vaincre l’inculture religieuse, l’approche des étudies culturelles” [Defeating Religious Illiteracy: The Cultural Studies Approach]. In Le programme d’éthique et culture religieuse. L’exigeante conciliation entre le soi, l’autre et le nous [The Ethics and Religious Culture Curriculum: A Challenging Reconciliation Between the Self, the Other and Us], edited by M. Estivalèzes and S. Lefebvre, 111–129. Québec: Presses de l’Université Laval.
   Google Scholar
• OSCE/OSIHR. 2007. Toledo Guiding Principles on Teaching about Religions and Beliefs in Public Schools. Warsaw: OSCE Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights.
   Google Scholar
• Poisson, -M.-M. 2016. “Un cours conçu pour preserver des privileges religieux historiques” [A Curriculum Designed to Protect Historical Privileges of Religious Groups]. In La face cachée du cours Éthique et culture religieuse [The Dark Side of the Ethics and Religious Culture Course], edited by D. Baril and N. Baillargeon, 23–46. Montreal: Leméac.
   Google Scholar
• Prothero, S. 2008. Religious Literacy: What Every American Needs to Know—and Doesn’t. New York: Harper Collins Publishers.
   Google Scholar
• Quebec Ministry of Education, Recreation and Sport. 2008. “Ethics and Religious Culture.” In Quebec Education Program: Secondary Education. Québec: Ministry of Education, Recreation and Sport.
   Google Scholar
• Quérin, J. 2016. “Les visées multiculturalistes du cours Éthique et culture religieuse” [The Multiculturalist Aims of the Ethics and Religious Culture Curriculum]. In La face cachée du cours Éthique et culture religieuse [The Dark Side of the Ethics and Religious Culture Course], edited by D. Baril and N. Baillargeon, 47–66. Montreal: Leméac.
   Google Scholar
• Rota, A., and S. Müller. 2017. “L’évolution de l’enseignement religieux dans le canton de Vaud” [The Development of Religious Teaching in the Vaud Canton]. Revue de didactique des sciences des religions [Journal of Teaching about Religions] 4: 29–44.
   Google Scholar
• S.L. v. Commission scolaire des Chênes. 2012. 7 Supreme Court of Canada.
   Google Scholar
• Schröder, Bernd. 2016. “A Perspective from Continental Europe.” In Religion in National Systems of Education: Insider and Outsider Perspectives in Religious Education in England, edited by Brian Gates, 349–368. Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck.
   Google Scholar
• Tan, C. 2012. “‘Our Shared Values’ in Singapore: A Confucian Perspective.” Educational Theory 62 (4): 449–463. doi:10.1111/j.1741-5446.2012.00456.x.
   Google Scholar
• Taylor, C. 1989. Sources of the Self. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
   Google Scholar
• United Nations Human Rights Committee published an interpretation of article 18 known as General Comment No. 22.
   Google Scholar
• Weber, M. [1905] 2002. The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism. New York: Penguin Classics.
   Google Scholar
• Zengin v. Turkey. 2007. ECtHR, App. No. 144/04.
   Google Scholar