Publication Cover
School Leadership & Management
Formerly School Organisation
Volume 33, 2013 - Issue 4
5,011
Views
28
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Distributed leadership: challenging five generally held assumptions

Pages 354-372 | Received 29 Jan 2013, Accepted 06 Jun 2013, Published online: 18 Jul 2013

References

  • Argyris, C., and D. A. Schön. 1978 Organizational Learning: A Theory of Action Perspective. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
  • Atkinson, R. 1998. The Life Story Interview. Qualitative Research Methods Series, 44. London: Sage.
  • Ball, S. J. 2008. The Education Debate. Bristol: Policy Press.
  • Barth, R. S. 2001. “Teacher Leader.” Phi Delta Kappan 82 (6): 443–449.
  • Bell, L. 2007. Perspectives on Educational Management and Leadership. London: Continuum International.
  • Blegen, M. B., and C. Kennedy. 2000. “Principals and Teachers, Leading Together.” NASSP Bulletin 84 (616): 1–6. doi:10.1177/019263650008461602.
  • Burton, N., and M. Brundrett. 2005. Leading the Curriculum in the Primary School. London: Paul Chapman.
  • Burton, N., M. Brundrett, and M. Jones. 2008. Doing Your Education Research Project. London: Sage.
  • Bush, T. 2011. Theories of Educational Leadership and Management. 4th ed. London: Sage.
  • Bush, T., and D. Glover. 2012. “Distributed Leadership In Action: Leading High-performing Leadership Teams in English Schools.” School Leadership & Management 32 (1): 21–36. doi:10.1080/13632434.2011.642354.
  • Charmaz, K. 2006. Constructing Grounded Theory: A Practical Guide Through Qualitative Analysis. London: Sage.
  • Clandinin, D. J., and F. M. Connelly. 2000. Narrative Inquiry: Experience and Story in Qualitative Research. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
  • Cohen, L., L. Manion, and K. Morrison. 2006. Research Methods in Education. 5th ed. Abingdon: Routledge Falmer.
  • Crawford, M. 2005. “Distributed Leadership and Headship: A Paradoxical Relationship?” School Leadership & Management 25 (3): 213–215. doi:10.1080/13634230500116306.
  • Crowther, F. 2009. “Preface.” In Developing Teacher Leaders: How Teacher Leadership Enhances School Success, 2nd ed., edited by F. Crowther, M. Ferguson, and L. Hann, xiv–xxi. London: Sage.
  • Crowther, F., M. Ferguson, and L. Hann. 2009. Developing Teacher Leaders: How Teacher Leadership Enhances School Success. 2nd ed. London: Sage.
  • Day, C. 2009. “Capacity Building Through Layered Leadership: Sustaining the Turnaround.” In Distributed School Leadership: Different Perspectives, edited by A. Harris, 121–137. London: Springer.
  • Day, C., K. Leithwood, P. Sammons, A. Harris, and D. Hopkins. 2007. Leadership and Student Outcomes. DCSF Interim Report. London: Department for Children, Schools and Families.
  • Duignan, P. 2008. “Building Leadership Capacity In Catholic School Communities: Is Distributed Leadership the Answer?” In Catholic Schools: Hope in Uncertain Times, edited by A. Benjamin and D. Riley, 234–247. Melbourne: John Garrett Publishing.
  • Durrant, J., and G. Holden. 2006. Teachers Leading Change: Doing Research for School Improvement. London: Paul Chapman.
  • Frost, D., and J. Durrant. 2002. “Teachers as Leaders: Exploring the Impact of Teacher-led Development Work.” School Leadership & Management 22 (2): 143–161. doi:10.1080/1363243022000007728.
  • Fullan, M., and A. Hargreaves. 1992. What's Worth Fighting For In Your School? Buckingham: Open University Press.
  • Gehrke, N. 1991. Developing Teachers' Leadership Skills. ED330691. Washington, DC: ERIC. www.askeric.org
  • Glaser, B. G., and A. L. Strauss. 1967. The Discovery of Grounded Theory: Strategies for Qualitative Research. Chicago, IL: Aldine.
  • Greenfield, W. D. 1995. “Toward a Theory of School Administration: The Centrality of Leadership.” Educational Administration Quarterly 31 (1): 61–85. doi:10.1177/0013161X95031001005.
  • Gronn, P. 2003. “Leadership: Who Needs it?” School Leadership & Management 23 (3): 267–290. doi:10.1080/1363243032000112784.
  • Gronn, P. 2009a. “From Distributed to Hybrid Leadership Practice.” In Distributed School Leadership: Different Perspectives, edited by A. Harris, 197–217. London: Springer.
  • Gronn, P. 2009b. “Hybrid Leadership.” In Distributed Leadership According to the Evidence, edited by K. Leithwood, B. Mascall, and T. Strauss, 17–40. London: Routledge.
  • Gunter, H. M. 2003. “Teacher Leadership: Prospects and Possibilities.” In Leadership in Education, edited by M. Brundrett, N. Burton, and R. Smith, 118–131. London: Sage.
  • Gunter, H. 2004. “Labels and Labelling in the Field of Educational Leadership.” Discourse: Studies in the Cultural Politics of Education 25 (1): 21–41. doi:10.1080/0159630042000178464.
  • Gunter, H. M. 2005. “Conceptualizing Research in Educational Leadership.” Educational Management, Administration & Leadership 33 (2): 165–180. doi:10.1177/1741143205051051.
  • Gunter, H. M. 2008. “Policy and Workforce Reform in England.” Educational Management, Administration & Leadership 36 (2): 253–270. doi:10.1177/1741143207087776.
  • Gunter, H. M. 2012. Leadership and the Reform of Education. Bristol: Policy Press.
  • Gunter, H., and S. Rayner. 2007. “Modernizing the School Workforce in England: Challenging Transformation and Leadership?” Leadership 3 (1): 47–64. doi:10.1177/1742715007073066.
  • Hallinger, P., and H. H. Heck. 2009. “Distributed Leadership in Schools: Does System Policy Make a Difference?” In Distributed School Leadership: Different Perspectives, edited by A. Harris, 101–117. London: Springer.
  • Hargreaves, A. 1994. Changing Teachers, Changing Times: Teachers' Work and Culture in the Postmodern Age. London: Cassell.
  • Hargreaves, A. 2008. The Fourth Way of Leadership and Change. Scottish International Summer School on Leadership Booklet. Edinburgh: Scottish Government.
  • Harling, P. 1984. “The Organisational Framework for Educational Leadership.” In New Directions in Educational Leadership, edited by P. Harling, 7–19. Lewes: Falmer Press.
  • Harris, A. 2003. “Teacher Leadership As Distributed Leadership: Heresy, Fantasy or Possibility?” School Leadership & Management 23 (3): 313–324. doi:10.1080/1363243032000112801.
  • Harris, A. 2005. Crossing Boundaries and Breaking Barriers: Distributed Leadership in Schools. London: International Network for Educational Transformation (iNet).
  • Harris, A. 2007. Distributed Leadership and School Transformation. Presentation at the 2007 Scottish International Summer School on Leadership. Edinburgh, UK: Scottish Government.
  • Harris, A., ed. 2008. Distributed School Leadership: Developing Tomorrow's Leaders. Abingdon: Routledge.
  • Harris, A. 2009. “Distributed Leadership: What We Know.” In Distributed School Leadership: Different Perspectives, edited by A. Harris, 11–21. London: Springer.
  • Harris, A., K. Leithwood, C. Day, P. Sammons, and D. Hopkins. 2007. “Distributed Leadership and Organisational Change: Reviewing the Evidence.” Journal of Educational Change 8 (4): 337–347. doi:10.1007/s10833-007-9048-4.
  • Harris, A., and D. Muijs. 2003. Teacher Leadership: A Review of Research. Coventry: University of Warwick.
  • Harris, A., and D. Muijs. 2004. Teacher Leadership: Principles and Practice. Nottingham: National College for School Leadership.
  • Harris, A., and J. Spillane. 2008. “Distributed Leadership Through The Looking Glass.” Management in Education 22 (1): 31–34. doi:10.1177/0892020607085623.
  • Katzenmeyer, M., and G. Moller. 2001. Awakening the Sleeping Giant: Helping Teachers Develop as Leaders. Thousand Oaks, CA: Corwin Press.
  • Leithwood, K., A. Harris, and D. Hopkins. 2008. “Seven Strong Claims About Successful School Leadership.” School Leadership & Management 28 (1): 27–42. doi:10.1080/13632430701800060.
  • Leithwood, K., D. Jantzi, and R. Steinbach. 1999. Changing Leadership for Changing Times. Buckingham: Open University Press.
  • Leithwood, K., K. S. Louise, S. Anderson, and K. Wahlstrom. 2004. How Leadership Influences Student Learning: Review of Research. University of Minnesota: Center for Applied Research and Educational Improvement; University of Toronto: Ontario Institute for Studies in Education; and New York: The Wallace Foundation.
  • Leithwood, K., B. Mascall, and T. Strauss. 2009. “What We Have Learned and Where We Go From Here.” In Distributed Leadership According to the Evidence, edited by K. Leithwood, B. Mascall, and T. Strauss, 269–281. London: Routledge.
  • Lord, R. G., and K. J. Maher. 1993. Leadership and Information Processing. London: Routledge.
  • Louis, K. S., D. Mayrowetz, M. Smiley, and J. Murphy. 2009. “The Role of Sensemaking and Trust in Developing Distributed Leadership.” In Distributed School Leadership: Different Perspectives, edited by A. Harris, 157–180. London: Springer.
  • MacBeath, J. 2004. The Leadership File. Glasgow: Learning Files Scotland.
  • MacBeath, J. 2005. “Leadership as Distributed: A Matter of Practice.” School Leadership & Management 25 (4): 349–366. doi:10.1080/13634230500197165.
  • MacBeath, J. 2009. “Distributed Leadership: Paradigms, Policy and Paradox.” In Distributed Leadership According to the Evidence, edited by K. Leithwood, B. Mascall, and T. Strauss, 41–57. London: Routledge.
  • MacBeath, J., P. Gronn, D. Opfer, K. Lowden, C. Forde, M. Cowie, and J. O'Brien. 2009. The Recruitment and Retention of Headteachers in Scotland. Report to the Scottish Government. Edinburgh: Scottish Government.
  • Martin, R. L. 2002. The Responsibility Virus. London: Prentice-Hall.
  • Mascall, B., K. Leithwood, T. Strauss, and R. Sacks. 2009. “The Relationship Between Distributed Leadership and Teachers' Academic Optimism.” In Distributed School Leadership: Different Perspectives, edited by A. Harris, 81–100. London: Springer.
  • Morrison, M. 2003. “What Do We Mean By Educational Research?” In Research Methods in Educational Leadership and Management, edited by M. Coleman and A. R. J. Briggs, 3–27. London: Sage.
  • Muijs, D., and A. Harris, 2003. “Teacher Leadership–Improvement through Empowerment?: An Overview of the Literature.” Educational Management Administration & Leadership 31 (4): 437–448. doi:10.1177/0263211X030314007.
  • Murphy, J. 2005. Connecting Teacher Leadership and School Improvement. Thousand Oaks, CA: Corwin Press.
  • Murphy, J., M. Smylie, D. Mayrowetz, and K. S. Louis. 2009. “The Role of the Principal in Fostering the Development of Distributed Leadership.” School Leadership & Management 29 (2): 181–214. doi:10.1080/13632430902775699.
  • National College for School Leadership. 2004. Distributed Leadership. Nottingham: National College for School Leadership.
  • Ozga, J., and R. Jones. 2006. “Travelling and Embedded Policy: The Case of Knowledge Transfer.” Journal of Education Policy 21 (1): 1–17. doi:10.1080/02680930500391462.
  • Pascal, C., and P. Ribbins. 1998. Understanding Primary Headteachers. London: Cassell.
  • Pellicer, L. O., and L. W. Anderson, 1995. A Handbook for Teacher Leaders. Thousand Oaks, CA: Corwin Press.
  • Rhodes, R. A. W. 1997. Understanding Governance. Buckingham: Open University Press.
  • Rhodes, C., and M. Brundrett. 2006. “The Identification, Development, Succession and Retention of Leadership Talent in Contextually Different Primary Schools: A Case Study Located Within the English West Midlands.” School Leadership & Management 26 (3): 269–287. doi:10.1080/13632430600737124.
  • Rhodes, C., and M. Brundrett. 2008. “What Makes My School a Good Training Ground for Leadership Development?: The Perceptions of Heads, Middle Leaders, and Classroom Teachers from 70 Contextually Different Primary and Secondary Schools in England.” Management in Education 22 (1): 18–23. doi:10.1177/0892020607085629.
  • Ritchie, R., and P. A. Woods. 2007. “Degrees of Distribution: Towards an Understanding of Variations in the Nature of Distributed Leadership in Schools.” School Leadership & Management 27 (4): 363–381. doi:10.1080/13632430701563130.
  • Rost, J. C. 1991. Leadership for the Twenty-First Century. Westport, CO: Praeger.
  • Schön, D. A. 1991. The Reflective Practitioner: How Professionals Think in Action. Surrey: Ashgate.
  • Scottish Executive Education Department. 2005. Ambitious, Excellent Schools: The Standard for Headship. Edinburgh: Scottish Executive.
  • Silverman, D. 2007. A Very Short, Fairly Interesting and Reasonably Cheap Book About Qualitative Research. London: Sage.
  • Slater, L. 2008. “Pathways to Building Leadership Capacity.” Educational Management Administration & Leadership 36 (1): 55–69. doi:10.1177/1741143207084060.
  • Smylie, M. A., S. Conley, and H. M. Marks. 2002. “Exploring New Approaches to Teacher Leadership for School Improvement.” Yearbook of the National Society for the Study of Education 101 (1): 162–188. doi:10.1111/j.1744-7984.2002.tb00008.x.
  • Snell, J., and J. Swanson. 2000. “The Essential Knowledge and Skills of Teacher Leaders: A Search for a Conceptual Framework.” Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association, New Orleans, LA, USA, April.
  • Spillane, J. P. 2005. “Primary School Leadership Practice: How the Subject Matters.” School Leadership & Management 25 (4): 383–397. doi:10.1080/13634230500197231.
  • Spillane, J. P. 2006. Distributed Leadership. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
  • Spillane, J. P., and A. F. Coldren. 2011. Diagnosis and Design for School Improvement. New York: Teachers College Press.
  • Spillane, J. P., and J. B. Diamond, eds. 2007. Distributed Leadership In Practice. London: Teachers College, Columbia University.
  • Stake, R. E. 1995. The Art of Case Study Research. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Stake, R. E. 2000. “The Case Study Method in Social Inquiry.” In Case Study Method, edited by R. Gomm, M. Hammersley, and P. Foster, 19–26. London: Sage.
  • Stenhouse, L. 1978. “Case Study and Case Records: Towards a Contemporary History of Education.” British Educational Research Journal 4 (2): 21–39. doi:10.1080/0141192780040202.
  • Storey, A. 2004. “The Problem of Distributed Leadership in Schools.” School Leadership & Management 24 (3): 249–265. doi:10.1080/1363243042000266918.
  • Timperley, H. S. 2009. “Distributed Leadership to Improve Outcomes for Students.” In Distributed Leadership According to the Evidence, edited by K. Leithwood, B. Mascall, and T. Strauss, 197–222. London: Routledge.
  • Tomlinson, H. 2004. Educational Leadership: Personal Growth for Professional Development. London: Sage.
  • Torrance, D. 2009. “Distributed Leadership In Scottish Schools: Perspectives from Participants Recently Completing the Revised Scottish Qualification For Headship Programme.” Management In Education 23 (2): 63–70. doi:10.1177/0892020609104813.
  • Torrance, D. 2012a. “Distributed Leadership In Scottish Primary Schools: Myth or actualities?” PhD diss., The University of Edinburgh.
  • Torrance, D. 2012b. “Distributed Leadership: Still in the Gift of the Headteacher.” Paper presented at the annual conference of the Scottish Educational Research Association, Ayr, November.
  • Torrance, D. 2013. “The Challenges of Developing Distributed Leadership in Scottish Primary Schools: A Catch 22.” Education 3–13: International Journal of Primary, Elementary and Early Years Education 41 (3): 330–345. doi:10.1080/03004279.2013.791165.
  • Yin, R. K. 2009. Case Study Research Design and Methods. 4th ed. London: Sage.
  • Yukl, G. A. 2002. Leadership in Organisations. 5th ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.