209
Views
12
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Negligible Pharmacokinetic Interaction of Red Ginseng and Antihypertensive Agent Amlodipine in Sprague-Dawley Rats

, , , , , , , & show all

REFERENCES

  • Bu, Q. T., Zhang, W. Y., Chen, Q. C., Zhang, C. Z., Gong, X. J., Liu, W. C., Li, W., and Zheng, Y. N. 2012. Anti-diabetic effect of ginsenoside Rb(3) in alloxan-induced diabetic mice. Med. Chem. 8: 934–941.
  • Coon, J. T., and Ernst, E. 2002. Panax ginseng: A systematic review of adverse effects and drug interactions. Drug Safety 25: 323–344.
  • Choi, J., Kim, T. H., Choi, T. Y., and Lee, M. S. 2013. Ginseng for health care: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials in Korean literature. PLoS One 8: e59978.
  • Dong, H., Bai, L. P., Wong, V. K., Zhou, H., Wang, J. R., Liu, Y., Jiang, Z. H., and Liu, L. 2011. The in vitro structure-related anti-cancer activity of ginsenosides and their derivatives. Molecules 16: 10619–10630.
  • Ekins, S., Ring, B. J., Grace, J., McRobie-Belle, D. J., and Wrighton, S. A. 2000. Present and future in vitro approaches for drug metabolism. J. Pharmacol. Toxicol. Methods 44: 313–324.
  • Fiebach, N. H., Hebert, P. R., Stampfer, M. J., Colditz, G. A., Willett, W. C., Rosner, B., Speizer, F. E., and Hennekens, C. H. 1989. A prospective study of high blood pressure and cardiovascular disease in women. Am. J. Epidemiol. 130: 646–654.
  • Finley, B. L., Unice, K. M., Kerger, B. D., Otani, J. M., Paustenbach, D. J., Galbraith, D. A., and Tvermoes, B. E. 2013. 31-Day study of cobalt(II) chloride ingestion in humans: Pharmacokinetics and clinical effects. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health A 76: 1210–1224.
  • Fleisher, D., Li, C., Zhou, Y., Pao, L. H., and Karim, A. 1999. Drug, meal and formulation interactions influencing drug absorption after oral administration. Clinical implications. Clin. Pharmacokinet. 36: 233–254.
  • Gordon, C. J., Gottipolu, R. R., Kenyon, E. M., Thomas, R., Schladweiler, M. C., Mack, C. M., Shannahan, J. H., Wallenborn, J. G., Nyska, A., MacPhail, R. C., Richards, J. E., Devito, M., and Kodavanti, U. P. 2010. Aging and susceptibility to toluene in rats: A pharmacokinetic, biomarker, and physiological approach. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health A 73: 301–318.
  • He, B., Chen, P., Yang, J., Yun, Y., Zhang, X., Yang, R., and Shen, Z. 2012. Neuroprotective effect of 20(R)-ginsenoside Rg(3) against transient focal cerebral ischemia in rats. Neurosci. Lett. 526:106–111.
  • Hong, S. Y., Kim, J. Y., Ahn, H. Y., Shin, J. H., and Kwon, O. 2012. Panax ginseng extract rich in ginsenoside protopanaxatriol attenuates blood pressure elevation in spontaneously hypertensive rats by affecting the Akt-dependent phosphorylation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase. J. Agric. Food Chem. 60: 3086–3091.
  • Horn, J. R. 2007. Important interaction and their mechanisms. In Basic & clinical pharmacology, 10th ed., ed. B. G. Katzung, 1082–1094. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
  • Hwang, J. T., Lee, M. S., Kim, H. J., Sung, M. J., Kim, H. Y., Kim, M. S., and Kwon, D. Y. 2009. Antiobesity effect of ginsenoside Rg3 involves the AMPK and PPAR-gamma signal pathways. Phytother. Res. 23: 262–266.
  • Jain, R. B. 2013. Effects of smoking and caffeine consumption on polybrominated diphenyl esters (PBDE) and polybrominated biphenyls (PBB). J. Toxicol. Environ. Health A 76: 515–532.
  • Jang, D. J., Lee, M. S., Shin, B. C., Lee, Y. C., and Ernst, E. 2008. Red ginseng for treating erectile dysfunction: A systematic review. Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 66: 444–450.
  • Jiang, X., Williams, K. M., Liauw, W. S., Ammit, A. J., Roufogalis, B. D., Duke, C. C., Day, R. O., and McLachlan, A. J. 2004. Effect of St John’s wort and ginseng on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of warfarin in healthy subjects. Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 57: 592–599.
  • Jin, M. J., Kim, U., Kim, I. S., Kim, Y., Kim, D. H., Han, S. B., Kim, D. H., Kwon, O. S., and Yoo, H. H. 2010. Effects of gut microflora on pharmacokinetics of hesperidine: A study on non-antibiotic and pseudo-germ-free rats. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health A 73: 1441–1450.
  • Joh, E. H., Lee, I. A., Jung, I. H., and Kim, D. H. 2011. Ginsenoside Rb1 and its metabolite compound K inhibit IRAK-1 activation–the key step of inflammation. Biochem. Pharmacol. 82: 278–286.
  • Kang, S. Y., Schini-Kerth, V. B., and Kim, N. D. 1995. Ginsenosides of the protopanaxatriol group cause endothelium-dependent relaxation in the rat aorta. Life Sci. 56: 1577–1586.
  • Katoh, M., Nakajima, M., Shimada, N., Yamazaki, H., and Yokoi, T. 2000. Inhibition of human cytochrome P450 enzymes by 1,4-dihydropyridine calcium antagonists: Prediction of in vivo drug–drug interactions. Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 55: 843–852.
  • Kim, N. D., Kang, S. Y., and Schini, V. B. 1994. Ginsenosides evoke endothelium-dependent vascular relaxation in rat aorta. Gen. Pharmacol. 25:1071–1077.
  • Kim, W. Y., Kim, J. M., Han, S. B., Lee, S. K., Kim, N. D., Park, M. K., Kim, C. K., and Park, J. H. 2000. Steaming of ginseng at high temperature enhances biological activity. J. Nat. Prod. 63: 1702–1704.
  • Kim, H. S., and Lee, B.M. 2001. Protective effects of antioxidant supplementation on plasma lipid peroxidation in smokers. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health A 63: 583–598.
  • Kuramoto, K., Ichikawa, S., Hirai, A., Kanada, S., Nakachi, T., and Ogihara, T. 2003. Azelnidipine and amlodipine: A comparison of their pharmacokinetics and effects on ambulatory blood pressure. Hypertens. Res. 26: 201–208.
  • Lee, H. U., Bae, E. A., Han, M. J., Kim, N. J., and Kim, D. H. 2005. Hepatoprotective effect of ginsenoside Rb1 and compound K on tert-butyl hydroperoxide-induced liver injury. Liver Int. 25: 1069–1073.
  • Lee, S. H., Ahn, Y. M., Ahn, S. Y., Doo, H. K., and Lee, B. C. 2008. Interaction between warfarin and Panax ginseng in ischemic stroke patients. J. Altern. Complement. Med. 14: 715–721.
  • Lee, Y. Y., Park, J. S., Jung, J. S., Kim, D. H., and Kim, H. S. 2013. Anti-Inflammatory effect of ginsenoside Rg5 in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated BV2 microglial cells. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 14: 9820–9833.
  • Liu, Y., Zhang, J. W., Li, W., Ma, H., Sun, J., Deng, M. C., and Yang, L. 2006. Ginsenoside metabolites, rather than naturally occurring ginsenosides, lead to inhibition of human cytochrome P450 enzymes. Toxicol. Sci. 91: 356–364.
  • Loccisano, A. E., Longnecker, M. P., Campbell, J. L., Jr., Andersen, M. E., and Clewell, H. J. 3rd. 2013. Development of PBPK models for PFOA and PFOS for human pregnancy and lactation life stages. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health A 76: 25–57.
  • MacMahon, S., Peto, R., Cutler, J., Collins, R., Sorlie, P., Neaton, J., Abbott, R., Godwin, J., Dyer, A., and Stamler, J. 1990. Blood pressure, stroke, and coronary heart disease. Part 1, Prolonged differences in blood pressure: Prospective observational studies corrected for the regression dilution bias. Lancet 335: 765–774.
  • Ministry of Food and Drug Safety of Korea. 2013. Functional food information. http://www.foodnara.go.kr/hfoodi
  • Mumtaz, M. M., Ray, M., Crowell, S. R., Keys, D., Fisher, J., and Ruiz, P. 2012. Translational research to develop a human PBPK models tool kit-volatile organic compounds (VOCs). J. Toxicol. Environ. Health A 75: 6–24.
  • Nishio, S., Watanabe, H., Kosuge, K., Uchida, S., Hayashi, H., and Ohashi, K. 2005. Interaction between amlodipine and simvastatin in patients with hypercholesterolemia and hypertension. Hypertens. Res. 28: 223–227.
  • Pan, C., Huo, Y., An, X., Singh, G., Chen, M., Yang, Z., Pu, J., and Li, J. 2012. Panax notoginseng and its components decreased hypertension via stimulation of endothelial-dependent vessel dilatation. Vascular Pharmacol. 56: 150–158.
  • Park, K. 2013. Toxicokinetic differences and toxicities of silver nanoparticles and silver ions in rats after single oral administration. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health A 76: 1246–1260.
  • Pirmohamed, M., James, S., Meakin, S., Green, C., Scott, A. K., Walley, T. J., Farrar, K., Park, B. K., and Breckenridge, A. M. 2004. Adverse drug reactions as cause of admission to hospital: Prospective analysis of 18820 patients. Br. Med. J. 329: 15–19.
  • Singh, B. N. 1999. Effects of food on clinical pharmacokinetics. Clin. Pharmacokinet. 37: 213–255.
  • Stamler, J., Stamler, R., and Neaton, J. D. 1993. Blood pressure, systolic and diastolic, and cardiovascular risks. US population data. Arch. Intern. Med. 153: 598–615.
  • Tan, S., Zhou, F., Li, N., Dong, Q., Zhang, X., Ye, X., Guo, J., Chen, B., and Yu, Z. 2013. Anti-fatigue effect of ginsenoside Rb1 on postoperative fatigue syndrome induced by major small intestinal resection in rat. Biol. Pharm. Bull. 3: 1634–1639.
  • Tang, W., Zhang, Y., Gao, J., Ding, X., and Gao, S. 2008. The anti-fatigue effect of 20(R)-ginsenoside Rg3 in mice by intranasally administration. Biol. Pharm. Bull. 31: 2024–2027.
  • Thomas, J. A. 1995. Drug–nutrient interactions. Nutr. Rev. 53: 271–282.
  • U. S. Food and Drug Administration. 2012. Drug interaction studies-Study design, data analysis, implications for dosing, and labeling recommendations. Guidance for industry. http://www.fda.gov/Drugs/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/Guidances/default.htm
  • Wang, J., Qiao, L., Li, S., and Yang, G. 2013. Protective effect of ginsenoside Rb1 against lung injury induced by intestinal ischemia-reperfusion in rats. Molecules 18: 1214–1226.
  • Whelton, P. K., Perneger, T. V., Brancati, F. L., and Klag, M. J. 1992. Epidemiology and prevention of blood pressure-related renal disease. J. Hypertens. Suppl. 10: S77–S84.
  • Yang, L. Q., Wang, B., Gan, H., Fu, S. T., Zhu, X. X., Wu, Z. N., Zhan, D. W., Gu, R. L., Dou, G. F., and Meng, Z. Y. 2012. Enhanced oral bioavailability and anti-tumour effect of paclitaxel by 20(s)-ginsenoside Rg3 in vivo. Biopharm. Drug Dispos. 33: 425–436.
  • Zhu, J., Jiang, Y., Wu, L., Lu, T., Xu, G., and Liu, X. 2012. Suppression of local inflammation contributes to the neuroprotective effect of ginsenoside Rb1 in rats with cerebral ischemia. Neuroscience 202: 342–351.
  • Zhu, M., Chan, K. W., Ng, L. S., Chang, Q., Chang, S., and Li, R. C. 1999. Possible influences of ginseng on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of warfarin in rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 51: 175–180.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.