North American adult literacy programs and Latin American immigrants: how critical pedagogy can help nonprofit literacy programming in the United States

References

• Auerbach , E. 1996 . Adult ESL/literacy from the community – To the community: A guidebook for participatory literacy training , Mahwah , NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates .
   Google Scholar
• Batalova , J. and Fix , M. 2008 . Uneven progress: The employment pathways of skilled immigrants in the United States , Washington , DC : Migration Policy Institute .
   Google Scholar
• Batalova , J. and Fix , M. 2010 . A profile of limited English proficient adult immigrants . Peabody Journal of Education , 85 : 511 – 534 .
   Google Scholar
• Beder , H. and Valentine , T. 1987 . Iowa's ESL students: A descriptive profile , Des Moines , IA : Iowa State Department of Education .
   Google Scholar
• Beder , H.W. and Valentine , T. 1990 . Motivational profiles of adult basic education students . Adult Education Quarterly , 40 ( 2 ) : 78 – 94 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Belzer , A. 2006 . Less may be more: Rethinking adult literacy volunteer tutor training . Journal of Literacy Research , 38 ( 2 ) : 111 – 140 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bonissone , P.R. 2003 . Teacher change and professional conversations: A case study of an ESL instructor's changing beliefs and practices regarding literacy learning and instruction (Doctoral dissertation). Available from Dissertations and Theses database. (UMI No. 3070683.)
   Google Scholar
• Borawski , C. 2009 . Beyond the book: Literacy in the digital age . Children & Libraries: The Journal of the Association for Library Service to Children , 7 ( 3 ) : 53 – 54 .
   Google Scholar
• Bradley , J.C. 1998 . Preparing volunteers to teach adult ESL literacy: A case study (Doctoral dissertation). Available from Dissertations and Theses database. (UMI No. 9837909.)
   Google Scholar
• Brookfield , S.D. 1986 . Understanding and facilitating adult learning: A comprehensive analysis of principles and effective practices , San Francisco , CA : Jossey-Bass .
   Google Scholar
• Carpenter , S.F.R. 2005 . “Ingles es loco:” Teaching English to Latinos who don't speak English and who have varying levels of literacy in Spanish (Doctoral dissertation). Available from Dissertations and Theses database. (UMI No. 3154597.)
   Google Scholar
• Chase , Z. and Laufenberg , D. 2011 . Digital literacies: Embracing the squishiness of digital literacy . Journal of Adolescent & Adult Literacy , 54 ( 7 ) : 535 – 537 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chenoweth , J. 2006 . A more perfect union: A national citizenship plan , Richmond : The Literacy Institute at Virginia Commonwealth University .
   Google Scholar
• Chung , L.M. 2006 . Second language learning as empowerment: Adult Latino immigrants as students, teachers, and problem solvers (Doctoral dissertation). Available from Dissertations and Theses database. (UMI No. 3211928.)
   Google Scholar
• Crabtree , J. , Nathan , M. and Roberts , S. 2003 . MobileUK: Mobile phones and everyday life , London : The Work Foundation .
   Google Scholar
• Crandall , J. 1993 . “ Introduction ” . In Approaches to adult ESL literacy instruction , Edited by: Crandall , J. and Peyton , J.K. 1 – 14 . McHenry , IL : Center for Applied Linguistics .
   Google Scholar
• Crandall , J. and Peyton , J.K. , eds. 1993 . Approaches to adult ESL literacy instruction , McHenry , IL : Center for Applied Linguistics .
   Google Scholar
• Enjolras , B. 2009 . A governance-structure approach to voluntary organizations . Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly , 38 : 761 – 783 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eshiet , O. 2010 . Perceived influence of mobile phone text messaging on the literacy level of semi-literates in Nigeria . International Journal of Technology, Knowledge & Society , 6 ( 4 ) : 67 – 78 .
   Google Scholar
• Ferguson , P. 1998 . “ The politics of adult ESL literacy: Becoming politically visible ” . In Adult ESL: Politics, pedagogy, and participation in classroom and community programs , Edited by: Smoke , T. 3 – 16 . Mahwah , NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates .
   Google Scholar
• Freire , P. 1985 . The politics of education: Culture, power, and liberation , South Hadley , MA : Bergin & Garvey .
   Google Scholar
• Freire , P. 1993 . Pedagogy of the oppressed , New York , NY : Continuum .
   Google Scholar
• Freire , P. and Macedo , D.P. 1987 . Literacy: Reading the word and the world , South Hadley , MA : Bergin & Garvey .
   Google Scholar
• Gault , T.R. 2003 . Adult Hispanic immigrants’ attitudes towards ESL classes . Review of Applied Linguistics , 139 : 101 – 128 .
   Google Scholar
• Gilbertson , S.R. 2000 . Just enough: A description of instruction at a volunteer-based adult English as a second language program (Doctoral dissertation). Available from Dissertations and Theses database. (UMI No. 9973105.)
   Google Scholar
• Gunn , M. 2003 . Opportunity for literacy? Preliterate learners in the AMEP . Prospect , 18 ( 2 ) : 37 – 53 .
   Google Scholar
• Hornberger , N. and Hardman , J. 1994 . “ Literacy as cultural practice and cognitive skill: Biliteracy in a Cambodian adult ESL class and a Puerto Rican GED Program ” . In Adult biliteracy in the United States (pp. 147–169) , Edited by: Spener , D. Washington , DC : Center for Applied Linguistics and Delta Systems .
   Google Scholar
• Hyman , H.K. 2002 . Foreign-accented adult ESL learners: Perceptions of their accent changes and employability qualifications (Doctoral dissertation). Available from Dissertations and Theses database. (UMI No. 3022150.)
   Google Scholar
• Kerka , S. 1995 . Adult learner retention revisited (Report No. EDO-CE-95-166). Columbus, OH: ERIC Clearinghouse on Adult, Career, and Vocational Education
   Google Scholar
• King , K.P. 2000 . The adult ESL experience: Facilitating perspective transformation in the classroom . Adult Basic Education , 10 ( 2 ) : 69 – 90 .
   Google Scholar
• Knowles , M.S. 1970 . The modern practice of adult education: Andragogy versus pedagogy , New York , NY : Association Press .
   Google Scholar
• Kolb , D.A. 1984 . Experiential learning: Experience as a source of learning and development , Englewood Cliffs , NJ : Prentice Hall .
   Google Scholar
• Kong , L. 2010 . Immigration, racial profiling, and white privilege: Community-based challenges and practices for adult educators . New Direction for Adult & Continuing Education , 125 : 65 – 77 .
   Google Scholar
• Kristjansson , C. 2004 . Whole-person perspectives on learning in community: Meaning and relationships in teaching English as a second language (Doctoral dissertation). Available from Dissertations and Theses database. (UMI No. NQ90209.)
   Google Scholar
• LaBelle , J. 2005 . Experiences of ethnic acceptance and prejudice in English language learning: Immigrants’ critical reflections (Doctoral dissertation). Available from Dissertations and Theses database. (UMI No. 3166801.)
   Google Scholar
• Lave , J. and Wenger , E. 1991 . Situated learning: Legitimate peripheral participation , Cambridge : University of Cambridge Press .
   Google Scholar
• Lukes , M. 2009 . “We thought they had forgotten us:” Research, policy, and practice in the education of Latino immigrant adults . Journal of Latinos & Education , 8 ( 2 ) : 161 – 172 .
   Google Scholar
• Martinez , T.E. and Wang , T. 2006 . Supporting English-language acquisition: Opportunities for foundations to strengthen the social and economic well-being of immigrant families , Baltimore , MD : Annie E. Casey Foundation and Grantmakers Concerned with Immigrants and Refugees .
   Google Scholar
• Mathews-Aydinli , J. 2008 . Overlooked and understudied? A survey of current trends in research on adult English language learners . Adult Education Quarterly , 58 ( 3 ) : 198 – 213 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McLaren , P. 1994 . Life in schools: An introduction to critical pedagogy in the foundations of education , 2nd , New York , NY : Longman .
   Google Scholar
• McVay , R.H. 2004 . Perceived barriers and factors of support for adult Mexican-American ESL students in a community college (Doctoral dissertation). Available from Dissertations and Theses database. (UMI No. 3132177.)
   Google Scholar
• Menard-Warwick , J. 2005 . Intergenerational trajectories and sociopolitical context: Latina immigrants in adult ESL . TESOL Quarterly , 39 ( 2 ) : 165 – 185 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Modiano , N. 1968 . National or mother tongue in beginning reading: A comparative study . Research in the Teaching of English , 2 : 32 – 43 .
   Google Scholar
• Mora , M. 2003 . An overview of the economics of language in the U.S. labor market , Denver, June 2003 : Presentation prepared for the American Economic Association Summer Minority Program, University of Colorado .
   Google Scholar
• Morgan , B. 2004 . Teacher identity as pedagogy: Towards a field-internal conceptualization in bilingual and second language education . International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism , 7 ( 2/3 ) : 172 – 188 .
   Google Scholar
• New London Group . 1996 . A pedagogy of multiliteracies: Designing social futures . Harvard Educational Review , 66 ( 1 ) : 60 – 92 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O'Cadiz , M.P. , Wong , P.L. and Torres , C.A. 1998 . Education and democracy: Paulo Freire, social movements, and educational reform in São Paulo , Boulder , CO : Westview Press .
   Google Scholar
• Pawan , F. and Thomalia , T.G. 2005 . Making the invisible visible: A responsive evaluation study of ESL and Spanish language services for immigrants in a small rural county in Indiana . TESOL Quarterly , 39 ( 4 ) : 683 – 705 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pérez Huber , L. 2010 . Challenging racist nativist framing: Acknowledging the community cultural wealth of undocumented Chicana college students to reframe the immigration debate . Harvard Educational Review , 79 ( 4 ) : 704 – 730 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Poore , M. 2011 . Digital literacy: Human flourishing and collective intelligence in a knowledge society . Australian Journal of Language & Literacy , 34 ( 2 ) : 20 – 26 .
   Google Scholar
• Prins , E. 2009 . Examining interpersonal dynamics among adult learners through the lens of place . International Journal of Lifelong Education , 28 ( 1 ) : 91 – 106 .
   Google Scholar
• Prins , E. , Toso , B.W. and Schafft , K.A. 2009 . “It feels like a little family to me”: Social interaction and support among women in adult education and family literacy . Adult Education Quarterly , 59 ( 4 ) : 335 – 352 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rogers , A. 2000 . Literacy comes second: Working with groups in developing societies . Development in Practice , 10 ( 2 ) : 236 – 240 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Schalge , S.L. and Soga , K. 2008 . “Then I stop coming to school”: Understanding absenteeism in an adult English as a second language program . Adult Basic Education and Literacy Journal , 2 ( 3 ) : 151 – 161 .
   Google Scholar
• Sharples , M. 2002 . Disruptive devices: Mobile technology for conversational learning . International Journal of Continuing Engineering Education and Life Long Learning , 12 ( 5/6 ) : 504 – 520 .
   Google Scholar
• Sharples , M. April 28–30 2005 . “ Learning as conversation: Transforming education in the mobile age ” . In Proceedings of Conference on Seeing, Understanding, Learning in the Mobile Age , April 28–30 , 147 – 152 . Budapest : Institute for Philosophical Research of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences .
   Google Scholar
• Souto-Manning , M. 2010 . Freire, teaching, and learning: Culture circles across contexts , New York , NY : Peter Lang .
   Google Scholar
• Spener , D. 1993 . “ The Freirean approach to adult literacy instruction ” . In Approaches to adult ESL literacy instruction , Edited by: Crandall , J. and Peyton , J.K. 75 – 101 . McHenry , IL : Center for Applied Linguistics .
   Google Scholar
• Teranishi , R.T. , Suárez-Orozco , C. and Suárez-Orozco , M. 2011 . Immigrants in community colleges . The Future of Children , 21 ( 1 ) : 153 – 169 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Terry , M. 2006 . The importance of interpersonal relations in adult literacy programs . Educational Research Quarterly , 30 ( 2 ) : 31 – 44 .
   Google Scholar
• Thomson , M.D. and Hoffman-Goetz , L. 2011 . Cancer information comprehension by English-as-a-second-language immigrant women . Journal of Health Communication , 16 ( 1 ) : 17 – 33 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tracy-Mumford , F. and Baker , T. 1994 . Student retention: Creating student success , Washington , DC : National Adult Education Professional Development Consortium .
   Google Scholar
• Weinstein-Shr , G. 1993 . Overview discussion: Directions in adult ESL literacy – An invitation to dialogue . TESOL Quarterly , 27 ( 3 ) : 517 – 528 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wrigley , H.S. , Chen , J. , White , S. and Soroui , J. 2009 . Assessing the literacy skills of adult immigrants and adult English language learners . New Directions for Adult & Continuing Education , 121 : 5 – 24 .
   Google Scholar
• Wu , Y. and Carter , K. 2000 . Volunteer voices: A model for the professional development of volunteer teachers . Adult Learning , 11 ( 4 ) : 16 – 20 .
   Google Scholar
• Yeh , L.-M. 2005 . Determination of legitimate speakers of English in ESL discourse. Socio-cultural aspects of selected issues: Power, subjectivity, and equality (Doctoral dissertation). Available from Dissertations and Theses database. (UMI No. 3146302.)
   Google Scholar