Harnessing MerTK agonism for targeted therapeutics

References

• Nimmerjahn F, Ravetch JV. Fcgamma receptors as regulators of immune responses. Nat Rev Immunol. 2008;8:34–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morkuniene R, Zvirbliene A, Dalgediene I, Cizas P, Jankeviciute S, Baliutyte G, Jokubka R, Jankunec M, Valincius G, Borutaite V, et al. Antibodies bound to Abeta oligomers potentiate the neurotoxicity of Abeta by activating microglia. J Neurochem. 2013;126:604–15. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/jnc.2013.126.issue-5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bugelski PJ, Achuthanandam R, Capocasale RJ, Treacy G, Bouman-Thio E. Monoclonal antibody-induced cytokine-release syndrome. Expert Rev Clin Immunol. 2009;5:499–521. doi:https://doi.org/10.1586/eci.09.31.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rinne JO, Brooks DJ, Rossor MN, Fox NC, Bullock R, Klunk WE, Mathis CA, Blennow K, Barakos J, Okello AA, et al. 11C-PiB PET assessment of change in fibrillar amyloid-beta load in patients with Alzheimer’s disease treated with bapineuzumab: a phase 2, double-blind, placebo-controlled, ascending-dose study. Lancet Neurol. 2010;9:363–72. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S1474-4422(10)70043-0.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salloway S, Sperling R, Gilman S, Fox NC, Blennow K, Raskind M, Sabbagh M, Honig LS, Doody R, van Dyck CH, et al. A phase 2 multiple ascending dose trial of bapineuzumab in mild to moderate Alzheimer disease. Neurology. 2009;73:2061–70. doi:https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0b013e3181c67808.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lemke G. Biology of the TAM receptors. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2013;5:a009076. doi:https://doi.org/10.1101/cshperspect.a009076.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen PL, Caricchio R, Abraham V, Camenisch TD, Jennette JC, Roubey RA, Earp HS, Matsushima G, Reap EA. Delayed apoptotic cell clearance and lupus-like autoimmunity in mice lacking the c-mer membrane tyrosine kinase. J Exp Med. 2002;196:135–40. doi:https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20012094.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rothlin CV, Ghosh S, Zuniga EI, Oldstone MB, Lemke G. TAM receptors are pleiotropic inhibitors of the innate immune response. Cell. 2007;131:1124–36. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2007.10.034.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee YJ, Han JY, Byun J, Park HJ, Park EM, Chong YH, Cho M-S, Kang JL. Inhibiting Mer receptor tyrosine kinase suppresses STAT1, SOCS1/3, and NF-kappaB activation and enhances inflammatory responses in lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury. J Leukoc Biol. 2012;91:921–32. doi:https://doi.org/10.1189/jlb.0611289.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cai B, Kasikara C, Doran AC, Ramakrishnan R, Birge RB, Tabas I. MerTK signaling in macrophages promotes the synthesis of inflammation resolution mediators by suppressing CaMKII activity. Sci Signal. 2018;11(549).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Adolfsson O, Pihlgren M, Toni N, Varisco Y, Buccarello AL, Antoniello K, Lohmann S, Piorkowska K, Gafner V, Atwal JK, et al. An effector-reduced anti-beta-amyloid (Abeta) antibody with unique abeta binding properties promotes neuroprotection and glial engulfment of Abeta. J Neurosci. 2012;32:9677–89. doi:https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4742-11.2012.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schlothauer T, Herter S, Koller CF, Grau-Richards S, Steinhart V, Spick C, Kubbies M, Klein C, Umaña P, Mössner E, et al. Novel human IgG1 and IgG4 Fc-engineered antibodies with completely abolished immune effector functions. Protein Eng Des Sel. 2016;29:457–66. doi:https://doi.org/10.1093/protein/gzw040.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lo M, Kim HS, Tong RK, Bainbridge TW, Vernes JM, Zhang Y, Lin YL, Chung S, Dennis MS, Zuchero YJY, et al. Effector-attenuating substitutions that maintain antibody stability and reduce toxicity in mice. J Biol Chem. 2017;292:3900–08. doi:https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M116.767749.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Atwell S, Ridgway JB, Wells JA, Carter P. Stable heterodimers from remodeling the domain interface of a homodimer using a phage display library. J Mol Biol. 1997;270:26–35. doi:https://doi.org/10.1006/jmbi.1997.1116.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sun LL, Ellerman D, Mathieu M, Hristopoulos M, Chen X, Li Y, Yan X, Clark R, Reyes A, Stefanich E, et al. Anti-CD20/CD3 T cell-dependent bispecific antibody for the treatment of B cell malignancies. Sci Transl Med. 2015;7:287ra70. doi:https://doi.org/10.1126/scitranslmed.aaa4802.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tao MH, Morrison SL. Studies of aglycosylated chimeric mouse-human IgG. Role of carbohydrate in the structure and effector functions mediated by the human IgG constant region. J Immunol. 1989;143:2595–601.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dransfield I, Zagorska A, Lew ED, Michail K, Lemke G. Mer receptor tyrosine kinase mediates both tethering and phagocytosis of apoptotic cells. Cell Death Dis. 2015;6:e1646. doi:https://doi.org/10.1038/cddis.2015.18.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hezareh M, Hessell AJ, Jensen RC, van de Winkel JG, Parren PW. Effector function activities of a panel of mutants of a broadly neutralizing antibody against human immunodeficiency virus type 1. J Virol. 2001;75:12161–68. doi:https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.75.24.12161-12168.2001.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fuller JP, Stavenhagen JB, Christensen S, Kartberg F, Glennie MJ, Teeling JL. Comparing the efficacy and neuroinflammatory potential of three anti-abeta antibodies. Acta Neuropathol. 2015;130:699–711. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s00401-015-1484-2.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Savage JC, Jay T, Goduni E, Quigley C, Mariani MM, Malm T, Ransohoff RM, Lamb BT, Landreth GE. Nuclear receptors license phagocytosis by trem2+ myeloid cells in mouse models of Alzheimer’s disease. J Neurosci. 2015;35:6532–43. doi:https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4586-14.2015.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fourgeaud L, Traves PG, Tufail Y, Leal-Bailey H, Lew ED, Burrola PG, Callaway P, Zagórska A, Rothlin CV, Nimmerjahn A, et al. TAM receptors regulate multiple features of microglial physiology. Nature. 2016;532:240–44. doi:https://doi.org/10.1038/nature17630.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seeber S, Ros F, Thorey I, Tiefenthaler G, Kaluza K, Lifke V, Fischer JAA, Klostermann S, Endl J, Kopetzki E, et al. A robust high throughput platform to generate functional recombinant monoclonal antibodies using rabbit B cells from peripheral blood. PLoS One. 2014;9:e86184. doi:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0086184.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anderson KR, Haeussler M, Watanabe C, Janakiraman V, Lund J, Modrusan Z, Stinson J, Bei Q, Buechler A, Yu C, et al. CRISPR off-target analysis in genetically engineered rats and mice. Nat Methods. 2018;15:512–14. doi:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41592-018-0011-5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar