References
- Kaplon H, Reichert J. Antibodies to watch in 2018. mAbs. 2018;10:183–18. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/19420862.2018.1415671.
- Chen W, Murawsky C. Strategies for generating diverse antibody repertoires using transgenic animals expressing human antibodies. Front Immunol. 2018;9:460. doi:https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2018.00460.
- Rossi S, Laurino L, Furlanetto A, Chinellato S, Orvieto E, Canal F, Facchetti F, Tos A. Rabbit monoclonal AntibodiesA comparative study between a novel category of immunoreagents and the corresponding mouse monoclonal antibodies. Am J Clin Pathol. 2005;124:295–302. doi:https://doi.org/10.1309/NR8HN08GDPVEMU08.
- Zhu W, Yu G-L. Rabbit Hybridoma. In: An Z, editors. Therapeutic Monoclonal Antibodies: From Bench to Clinic. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2009. pp. 151–168.
- Knight KL. Restricted VH gene usage and generation of antibody diversity in rabbit. Annu Rev Immunol. 1992;10:593–616. doi:https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.iy.10.040192.003113.
- Lanning D, Zhu X, Zhai S, Knight K. Development of the antibody repertoire in rabbit: gut‐associated lymphoid tissue, microbes, and selection. Immunol Rev. 2000;175:214–28. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-065X.2000.imr017516.x.
- Mage R, Lanning D, Knight K. B cell and antibody repertoire development in rabbits: the requirement of gut-associated lymphoid tissues. Dev Comp Immunol. 2006;30:137–53. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dci.2005.06.017.
- Kodangattil S, Huard C, Ross C, Li J, Gao H, Mascioni A, Hodawadekar S, Naik S, Min-debartolo J, Visintin A, et al. The functional repertoire of rabbit antibodies and antibody discovery via next-generation sequencing. mAbs. 2014;6:628–36. doi:https://doi.org/10.4161/mabs.28059.
- Ros F, Puels J, Reichenberger N, van Schooten W, Buelow R, Platzer J. Sequence analysis of 0.5 Mb of the rabbit germline immunoglobulin heavy chain locus. Gene. 2004;330:49–59. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gene.2003.12.037.
- Sehgal D, Johnson G, Wu T, Mage RG. Generation of the primary antibody repertoire in rabbits: expression of a diverse set of Igk-V genes may compensate for limited combinatorial diversity at the heavy chain locus. Immunogenetics. 1999;50:31–42. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s002510050683.
- Brand V, Lehmann C, Umkehrer C, Bissinger S, Thier M, de Wouters M, Raemsch R, Jucknischke U, Haas A, Breuer S, et al. Impact of selective anti-BMP9 treatment on tumor cells and tumor angiogenesis. Mol Oncol. 2016;10:1603–20. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molonc.2016.10.002.
- Kienast Y, Jucknischke U, Scheiblich S, Thier M, de Wouters M, Haas A, Lehmann C, Brand V, Bernicke D, Honold K, et al. Rapid activation of bone morphogenic protein 9 by receptor-mediated displacement of pro-domains. J Biol Chem. 2016;291:3395–410. doi:https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M115.680009.
- Mage R, Young-Cooper G, Alexander C, Kelus A. Genetics and expression of kappa-type light chains in Basilea rabbits. Immunogenetics. 1984;19:425–34. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00364645.
- Flisikowska T, Thorey I, Offner S, Ros F, Lifke V, Zeitler B, Rottmann O, Vincent A, Zhang L, Jenkins S, et al. Efficient Immunoglobulin gene disruption and targeted replacement in rabbit using zinc finger nucleases. PLoS ONE. 2011;6:e21045. doi:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0021045.
- Seeber S, Ros F, Thorey I, Tiefenthaler G, Kaluza K, Lifke V, Fischer J, Klostermann S, Endl J, Kopetzki E, et al. A robust high throughput platform to generate functional recombinant monoclonal antibodies using rabbit B cells from peripheral blood. PLoS ONE. 2014;9:e86184. doi:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0086184.
- Suzuki I, Pfister L, Glas A, Nottenburg C, Milner EC. Representation of rearranged VH gene segments in the human adult antibody repertoire. J Immunol (Baltimore, Md: 1950). 1995;154:3902–11.
- Parren PWHIW, Carter PJ, Plückthun A. Changes to international nonproprietary names for antibody therapeutics 2017 and beyond: of mice, men and more. MAbs. 2017;9:898–906. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/19420862.2017.1341029.
- Abhinandan KR, Martin A. Analyzing the “Degree of Humanness” of antibody sequences. J Mol Biol. 2007;369:852–62. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmb.2007.02.100.
- Ros F, Reichenberger N, Dragicevic T, Van Schooten WCA, Buelow R, Platzer J. Sequence analysis of 0.4 megabases of the rabbit germline immunoglobulin kappa1 light chain locus. Anim Genet. 2005;36:51–57. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2052.2004.01221.x.
- Bergman Y, Rice D, Grosschedl R, Baltimore D. Two regulatory elements for immunoglobulin kappa light chain gene expression. Proc Nat Acad Sci. 1984;81:7041–45. doi:https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.81.22.7041.
- Proudhon C, Hao B, Raviram R, Chaumeil J, Skok J. Long-range regulation of V(D)J recombination. Adv Immunol. 2015;128:123-182.
- Morvan C, Pinaud E, Decourt C, Cuvillier A, Cogné M. The immunoglobulin heavy-chain locus hs3b and hs4 3′ enhancers are dispensable for VDJ assembly and somatic hypermutation. Blood. 2003;102:1421–27. doi:https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2002-12-3827.
- Ferradini L, Gu H, De Smet A, Rajewsky K, Reynaud CA, Weill JC. Rearrangement-enhancing element upstream of the mouse immunoglobulin kappa chain J cluster. Science (New York, NY). 1996;271:1416–20. doi:https://doi.org/10.1126/science.271.5254.1416.
- Lefranc G, Lefranc MP. Regulation of the immunoglobulin gene transcription. Biochimie. 1990;72:7–17.
- Zou YR, Gu H, Rajewsky K. Generation of a mouse strain that produces immunoglobulin kappa chains with human constant regions. Science (New York, NY). 1993;262:1271–74. doi:https://doi.org/10.1126/science.8235658.
- Brüggemann M, Davies NP, Rosewell IR. Designer mice: the production of human antibody repertoires in transgenic animals. Year Immunol. 1993;7:33–40.
- Kurosawa K, Ohta K. Genetic diversification by somatic gene conversion. Genes-basel. 2011;2:48–58. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/genes2010048.
- Reynaud C-A, Bertocci B, Dahan A, Weill J-C. Formation of the chicken B-cell repertoire: ontogenesis, regulation of ig gene rearrangement, and diversification by gene conversion. Adv Immunol. 1994;57:353–78.
- Torres RM, Flaswinkel H, Reth M, Rajewsky K. Aberrant B cell development and immune response in mice with a compromised BCR complex. Science. 1996;272:1804–08. doi:https://doi.org/10.1126/science.272.5269.1804.
- Cronin FE, Jiang M, Abbas AK, Grupp SA. Role of mu heavy chain in B cell development. I. Blocked B cell maturation but complete allelic exclusion in the absence of Ig alpha/beta. J Immunol (Baltimore, Md : 1950). 1998;161:252–59.
- Pruzina S, Williams G, Kaneva G, Davies S, Martín-López A, Brüggemann M, Vieira S, Jeffs S, Sattentau Q, Neuberger M. Human monoclonal antibodies to HIV-1 gp140 from mice bearing YAC-based human immunoglobulin transloci. Protein Eng Des Sel. 2011;24:791–99. doi:https://doi.org/10.1093/protein/gzr038.
- Reynaud S, Delpy L, Fleury L, Dougier H-L, Sirac C, Cogné M. Interallelic class switch recombination contributes significantly to class switching in mouse B cells. J Immunol. 2005;174:6176–83. doi:https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.174.10.6176.
- Knight KL, Kingzette M, Crane MA, Zhai SK. Transchromosomally derived Ig heavy chains. J Immunol (Baltimore, Md : 1950). 1995;155:684–91.
- Kingzette M, Spieker-Polet H, Yam P-C, Zhai S-K, Knight K. Trans-chromosomal recombination within the Ig heavy chain switch region in B lymphocytes. Proc Nat Acad Sci. 1998;95:11840–45. doi:https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.95.20.11840.
- Ma B, Osborn M, Avis S, Ouisse L-H, Ménoret S, Anegon I, Buelow R, Brüggemann M. Human antibody expression in transgenic rats: comparison of chimeric IgH loci with human VH, D and JH but bearing different rat C-gene regions. J Immunol Methods. 2013;400:78–86. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jim.2013.10.007.
- Osborn M, Ma B, Avis S, Binnie A, Dilley J, Yang X, Lindquist K, Ménoret S, Iscache A-L, Ouisse L-H, et al. High-affinity igg antibodies develop naturally in Ig-knockout rats carrying germline human IgH/Igκ/Igλ loci bearing the rat CH region. J Immunol. 2013;190:1481–90. doi:https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.1203041.
- Dougier H, Reynaud S, Pinaud E, Carrion C, Delpy L, Cogné M. Interallelic class switch recombination can reverse allelic exclusion and allow trans‐complementation of an IgH locus switching defect. Eur J Immunol. 2006;36:2181–91. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/eji.200535529.
- Dunnick W, Collins J, Shi J, Westfield G, Fontaine C, Hakimpour P, Papavasiliou N. Switch recombination and somatic hypermutation are controlled by the heavy chain 3′ enhancer region. J Exp Med. 2009;206:2613–23. doi:https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20091280.
- Shansab M, Eccleston J, Selsing E. Translocation of an antibody transgene requires AID and occurs by interchromosomal switching to all switch regions except the mu switch region. Eur J Immunol. 2011;41:1456–64. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/eji.201041077.
- Newman BA, Young-Cooper CO, Alexander CB, Becker RS, Knight KL, Kelus AS, Meier D, Mage RG. Molecular analysis of recombination sites within the immunoglobulin heavy chain locus of the rabbit. Immunogenetics. 1991;34:101–09.
- Schusser B, Yi H, Collarini E, Izquierdo S, Harriman W, Etches R, Leighton P. Harnessing gene conversion in chicken B cells to create a human antibody sequence repertoire. PLoS ONE. 2013;8:e80108. doi:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0080108.
- Leighton P, Schusser B, Yi H, Glanville J, Harriman W, Diverse A. Repertoire of human immunoglobulin variable genes in a chicken B cell line is generated by both gene conversion and somatic hypermutation. Front Immunol. 2015;6:126.
- Ching K, Collarini E, Abdiche Y, Bedinger D, Pedersen D, Izquierdo S, Harriman R, Zhu L, Etches R, van de Lavoir M-C, et al. Chickens with humanized immunoglobulin genes generate antibodies with high affinity and broad epitope coverage to conserved targets. Mabs. 2017;10:71–80.
- Mage R, Sehgal D, Schiaffella E, Anderson A. Gene-conversion in rabbit B-cell ontogeny and during immune responses in splenic germinal centers. Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 1999;72:7–15. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0165-2427(99)00110-5.
- Schiaffella E, Sehgal D, Anderson AO, Mage RG. Gene conversion and hypermutation during diversification of VH sequences in developing splenic germinal centers of immunized rabbits. J Immunol (Baltimore, Md : 1950). 1999;162:3984–95.
- Mehr R, Edelman H, Sehgal D, Mage R. Analysis of mutational lineage trees from sites of primary and secondary ig gene diversification in rabbits and chickens. J Immunol. 2004;172:4790–96. doi:https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.172.8.4790.
- Rousseeuw P, Hubert M. Robust statistics for outlier detection. Wiley Interdiscip Rev. 2011;1:73–79.
- Li M, Elledge S. Harnessing homologous recombination in vitro to generate recombinant DNA via SLIC. Nat Methods. 2007;4:251–56. doi:https://doi.org/10.1038/nmeth1010.
- Haun RS, Serventi IM, Moss J. Rapid, reliable ligation-independent cloning of PCR products using modified plasmid vectors. BioTechniques. 1992;13:515–18.
- Rousseeuw P. Silhouettes: A graphical aid to the interpretation and validation of cluster analysis. J Comput Appl Math. 1987;20:53–65. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/0377-0427(87)90125-7.