References
- Östlund U, Kidd L, Wengström Y, Rowa-Dewar N. Combining qualitative and quantitative research within mixed method research designs: a methodological review. Int J Nurs Stud 2011;48:369–383
- Wisdom JP, Cavaleri MA, Onwuegbuzie AJ, Green CA. Methodological reporting in qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods health services research articles. Health Serv Res 2012;47:721–745
- Moffatt S, White M, Mackintosh J, Howel D. Using quantitative and qualitative data in health services research – what happens when mixed method findings conflict? BMC Health Serv Res 2006;6:28
- Wagner KD, Davidson PJ, Pollini RA, Strathdee SA, Washburn R, Palinkas LA. Reconciling incongruous qualitative and quantitative findings in mixed methods research: exemplars from research with drug using populations. Int J Drug Policy 2012;23:54–61
- Godette DC, Headen S, Ford CL. Windows of opportunity: fundamental concepts for understanding alcohol-related disparities experienced by young Blacks in the United States. Prev Sci Off J Soc Prev Res 2006;7:377–387
- Elder GH Jr. Time, human agency, and social change: perspectives on the life course. Soc Psychol Q 1994;57:4–15
- Jick TD. Mixing qualitative and quantitative methods: triangulation in action. Adm Sci Q 1979;24:602–611
- Lopez AM, Bourgois P, Wenger LD, Lorvick J, Martinez AN, Kral AH. Interdisciplinary mixed methods research with structurally vulnerable populations: case studies of injection drug users in San Francisco. Int J Drug Policy 2013;24:101–109
- Campbell DT, Fiske DW. Convergent and discriminant validation by the multitrait-multimethod matrix. Psychol Bull 1959;56:81–105
- Palmer RHC, Young SE, Hopfer CJ, Corley RP, Stallings MC, Crowley TJ, et al. Developmental epidemiology of drug use and abuse in adolescence and young adulthood: evidence of generalized risk. Drug Alcohol Depend 2009;102:78–87
- Arreola S, Bluthenthal RN, Wenger L, Chu D, Thing J, Kral AH. Characteristics of people who initiate injection drug use later in life. Drug Alcohol Depend 2014;138:244–250
- Bluthenthal RN, Wenger L, Chu D, Quinn B, Thing J, Kral AH. Factors associated with initiating someone into illicit drug injection. Drug Alcohol Depend 2014;144:186–192
- Teruya C, Hser Y-I. Turning points in the life course: current findings and future directions in drug use research. Curr Drug Abuse Rev 2010;3:189–195
- Shaw VN, Hser Y-I, Anglin MD, Boyle K. Sequences of powder cocaine and crack use among arrestees in Los Angeles County. Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 1999;25:47–66
- Chen C-Y, Storr CL, Anthony JC. Early-onset drug use and risk for drug dependence problems. Addict Behav 2009;34:319–322
- Grant BF, Dawson DA. Age of onset of drug use and its association with DSM-IV drug abuse and dependence: results from the National Longitudinal Alcohol Epidemiologic Survey. J Subst Abuse 1998;10:163–173
- Golub A, Johnson BD, Labouvie E. On correcting biases in self-reports of age at first substance use with repeated cross-section analysis. J Quant Criminol 2000;16:45–68
- Golub A, Labouvie E, Johnson BD. Response reliability and the study of adolescent substance use progression. J Drug Issues 2000;30:103–118
- Johnson RA, Gerstein DR, Rasinski KA. Recall decay and telescoping in self-reports of alcohol and marijuana use: results from the National Household Survey on Drug Abuse [NHSDA]. Proc Am Assoc Pub Opin Res 1997
- Bluthenthal RN, Watters JK. Multimethod research from targeted sampling to HIV risk environments. NIDA Res Monogr 1995;157:212–230
- Watters JK, Biernacki P. Targeted sampling: options for the study of hidden populations. Soc Probl 1989;36:416–430
- Bluthenthal RN, Wenger L, Chu D, Lorvick J, Quinn B, Thing JP, Kral AH. Factors associated with being asked to initiate someone into injection drug use. Drug Alcohol Depend 2015;149:252–258
- Cagle HH, Fisher DG, Senter TP, Thurmond RD, Kastar AJ. Classifying skin lesions of injection drug users: a method for corroborating disease risk. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 2002
- Questionnaire Development System. Bethesda, MD, USA: NOVA Research Company; 2010
- Strauss AL, Corbin JM. Basics of qualitative research: techniques and procedures for developing grounded theory. 2nd ed. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications; 1998. 312 p
- Friedman SR, Mateu-Gelabert P, Sandoval M, Hagan H, Jarlais D. Positive deviance control-case life history: a method to develop grounded hypotheses about successful long-term avoidance of infection. BMC Public Health 2008;8:94
- Timeline Maker Professional. Progeny Software Inc.; 2012
- McGraw KO, Wong SP. Forming inferences about some intraclass correlation coefficients. Psychol Meth 1996;1:30–46
- Stata/IC 12.1. College Station, TX: StataCorp LP; 2013
- Landis JR, Koch GG. The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data. Biometrics 1977;33:159–174
- Morris MD, Brouwer KC, Lozada RM, Gallardo M, Vera A, Strathdee SA. ‘Injection first’: a unique group of injection drug users in Tijuana, Mexico. Am J Addict Am Acad Psychiatr Alcohol Addict 2012;21:23–30
- Shillington AM, Cottler LB, Mager DE, Compton WM 3rd. Self-report stability for substance use over 10 years: data from the St. Louis Epidemiologic Catchment Study. Drug Alcohol Depend 1995;40:103–109
- Walter SD, Eliasziw M, Donner A. Sample size and optimal designs for reliability studies. Stat Med 1998;17:101–110