O-Glycosylation of glycine-serine linkers in recombinant Fc-fusion proteins

References

• Chamow SM, Ryll T, Lowman HB, Farson D, eds. Therapeutic Fc-fusion proteins. Wiley-Blackwell; 2014. 400 p.
   Google Scholar
• Peppel K, Crawford D, Beutler B. A tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor-IgG heavy chain chimeric protein as a bivalent antagonist of TNF activity. J Exp Med 1991; 174:1483 - 9; http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.174.6.1483; PMID: 1660525
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moreland L, Bate G, Kirkpatrick P. Abatacept. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2006; 5:185 - 6; http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrd1989; PMID: 16557658
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Semeraro F, Morescalchi F, Duse S, Parmeggiani F, Gambicorti E, Costagliola C. Aflibercept in wet AMD: specific role and optimal use. Drug Des Devel Ther 2013; 7:711 - 22; http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/DDDT.S40215; PMID: 23990705
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shimamoto G, Gegg C, Boone T, Quéva C. Peptibodies: A flexible alternative format to antibodies. MAbs 2012; 4:586 - 91; http://dx.doi.org/10.4161/mabs.21024; PMID: 22820181
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huston JS, Levinson D, Mudgett-Hunter M, Tai MS, Novotný J, Margolies MN, Ridge RJ, Bruccoleri RE, Haber E, Crea R, et al. Protein engineering of antibody binding sites: recovery of specific activity in an anti-digoxin single-chain Fv analogue produced in Escherichia coli. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1988; 85:5879 - 83; http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.85.16.5879; PMID: 3045807
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baeuerle PA, Reinhardt C. Bispecific T-cell engaging antibodies for cancer therapy. Cancer Res 2009; 69:4941 - 4; http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-09-0547; PMID: 19509221
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chames P, Baty D. Bispecific antibodies for cancer therapy: the light at the end of the tunnel?. MAbs 2009; 1:539 - 47; http://dx.doi.org/10.4161/mabs.1.6.10015; PMID: 20073127
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kontermann R. Dual targeting strategies with bispecific antibodies. MAbs 2012; 4:182 - 97; http://dx.doi.org/10.4161/mabs.4.2.19000; PMID: 22453100
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Castoldi R, Jucknischke U, Pradel LP, Arnold E, Klein C, Scheiblich S, Niederfellner G, Sustmann C. Molecular characterization of novel trispecific ErbB-cMet-IGF1R antibodies and their antigen-binding properties. Protein Eng Des Sel 2012; 25:551 - 9; http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/protein/gzs048; PMID: 22936109
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jakob CG, Edalji R, Judge RA, Digiammarino E, Li Y, Gu J, Ghayur T. Structure reveals function of the dual variable domain immunoglobulin (DVD-Ig™) molecule. MAbs 2013; 5:358 - 63; http://dx.doi.org/10.4161/mabs.23977; PMID: 23549062
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blanco-Toribio A, Sainz-Pastor N, Álvarez-Cienfuegos A, Merino N, Cuesta AM, Sánchez-Martín D, Bonet J, Santos-Valle P, Sanz L, Oliva B, et al. Generation and characterization of monospecific and bispecific hexavalent trimerbodies. MAbs 2013; 5:70 - 9; http://dx.doi.org/10.4161/mabs.22698; PMID: 23221741
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kanakaraj P, Puffer BA, Yao X-T, Kankanala S, Boyd E, Shah RR, Wang G, Patel D, Krishnamurthy R, Kaithamana S, et al. Simultaneous targeting of TNF and Ang2 with a novel bispecific antibody enhances efficacy in an in vivo model of arthritis. MAbs 2012; 4:600 - 13; http://dx.doi.org/10.4161/mabs.21227; PMID: 22864384
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Michaelson JS, Demarest SJ, Miller B, Amatucci A, Snyder WB, Wu X, Huang F, Phan S, Gao S, Doern A, et al. Anti-tumor activity of stability-engineered IgG-like bispecific antibodies targeting TRAIL-R2 and LTbetaR. MAbs 2009; 1:128 - 41; http://dx.doi.org/10.4161/mabs.1.2.7631; PMID: 20061822
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wen D, Foley SF, Hronowski XL, Gu S, Meier W. Discovery and investigation of O-xylosylation in engineered proteins containing a (GGGGS)n linker. Anal Chem 2013; 85:4805 - 12; http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac400596g; PMID: 23581628
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spencer D, Novarra S, Zhu L, Mugabe S, Thisted T, Baca M, Depaz R, Barton C. O-xylosylation in a recombinant protein is directed at a common motif on glycine-serine linkers. J Pharm Sci 2013; 102:3920 - 4; PMID: 24105735
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spahr C, Kim JJ, Deng S, Kodama P, Xia Z, Tang J, Zhang R, Siu S, Nuanmanee N, Estes B, et al. Recombinant human lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase Fc fusion: analysis of N- and O-linked glycans and identification and elimination of a xylose-based O-linked tetrasaccharide core in the linker region. Protein Sci 2013; 22:1739 - 53; http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pro.2373; PMID: 24115046
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Monigatti F, Hekking B, Steen H. Protein sulfation analysis--A primer. Biochim Biophys Acta 2006; 1764:1904 - 13; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbapap.2006.07.002; PMID: 16952486
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sugahara K, Kitagawa H. Recent advances in the study of the biosynthesis and functions of sulfated glycosaminoglycans. Curr Opin Struct Biol 2000; 10:518 - 27; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0959-440X(00)00125-1; PMID: 11042448
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilson IB. The never-ending story of peptide O-xylosyltransferase. Cell Mol Life Sci 2004; 61:794 - 809; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00018-003-3278-2; PMID: 15095004
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sugahara K, Yamashina I, De Waard P, Van Halbeek H, Vliegenthart JFG. Structural studies on sulfated glycopeptides from the carbohydrate-protein linkage region of chondroitin 4-sulfate proteoglycans of swarm rat chondrosarcoma. Demonstration of the structure Gal(4-O-sulfate)beta 1-3Gal beta 1-4XYL beta 1-O-Ser. J Biol Chem 1988; 263:10168 - 74; PMID: 3134345
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sugahara K, Ohi Y, Harada T, de Waard P, Vliegenthart JFG. Structural studies on sulfated oligosaccharides derived from the carbohydrate-protein linkage region of chondroitin 6-sulfate proteoglycans of shark cartilage. I. Six compounds containing 0 or 1 sulfate and/or phosphate residues. J Biol Chem 1992; 267:6027 - 35; PMID: 1556114
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lauder RM, Huckerby TN, Nieduszynski IA. Increased incidence of unsulphated and 4-sulphated residues in the chondroitin sulphate linkage region observed by high-pH anion-exchange chromatography. Biochem J 2000; 347:339 - 48; http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/0264-6021:3470339; PMID: 10749661
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Beer T, Inui A, Tsuda H, Sugahara K, Vliegenthart JFG. Polydispersity in sulfation profile of oligosaccharide alditols isolated from the protein-linkage region and the repeating disaccharide region of chondroitin 4-sulfate of bovine nasal septal cartilage. Eur J Biochem 1996; 240:789 - 97; http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1432-1033.1996.0789h.x; PMID: 8856085
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tone Y, Pedersen LC, Yamamoto T, Izumikawa T, Kitagawa H, Nishihara J, Tamura J, Negishi M, Sugahara K. 2-o-phosphorylation of xylose and 6-o-sulfation of galactose in the protein linkage region of glycosaminoglycans influence the glucuronyltransferase-I activity involved in the linkage region synthesis. J Biol Chem 2008; 283:16801 - 7; http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M709556200; PMID: 18400750
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koike T, Izumikawa T, Tamura J, Kitagawa H. FAM20B is a kinase that phosphorylates xylose in the glycosaminoglycan-protein linkage region. Biochem J 2009; 421:157 - 62; http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/BJ20090474; PMID: 19473117
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nadanaka S, Zhou S, Kagiyama S, Shoji N, Sugahara K, Sugihara K, Asano M, Kitagawa H. EXTL2, a member of the EXT family of tumor suppressors, controls glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis in a xylose kinase-dependent manner. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:9321 - 33; http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M112.416909; PMID: 23395820
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wakabayashi H, Natsuka S, Mega T, Otsuki N, Isaji M, Naotsuka M, Koyama S, Kanamori T, Sakai K, Hase S. Novel proteoglycan linkage tetrasaccharides of human urinary soluble thrombomodulin, SO4-3GlcAbeta1-3Galbeta1-3(+/-Siaalpha2-6)Galbeta1-4Xyl. J Biol Chem 1999; 274:5436 - 42; http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.274.9.5436; PMID: 10026155
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nadanaka S, Kitagawa H, Sugahara K. Demonstration of immature glycosaminglycan tetrasaccharide sequence GlcAbeta1-3Galbeta1-3Galbeta1-4Xyl on recombinant soluble human a-thrombomodulin. An oligosaccharide structure on a “part-time” proteoglycan. J Biol Chem 1998; 273:33728 - 34; http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.273.50.33728; PMID: 9837960
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Esko JD, Lindahl U. Molecular diversity of heparan sulfate. J Clin Invest 2001; 108:169 - 73; http://dx.doi.org/10.1172/JCI200113530; PMID: 11457867
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar