Effects of pomegranate seed oil and fermented juice polyphenols fraction in different solvents on copper-induced LDL oxidation

ABSTRACT

Effects of pomegranate seed oils extracted with supercritical fluid or cold press methods (SFE-PSO and CP-PSO), unsaponifiable (N), and fermented juice polyphenols (W) fractions of pomegranate as well as olive oil and alpha-tocopherol, as pure or in different solvents were evaluated on preventing copper-induced LDL oxidation. The results showed addition of pure SFE-PSO, CP-PSO, N fractions, and olive oil had no significant effect on LDL oxidation. Also using various solvents did not help in the term of extending the oxidation lag phase. However, adding 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 3 µL of the W solution in EtOH could delay the lag phase 103.5, 145.9, 200, and 199.1 min, respectively. There was no synergistic effect between W and N on inhibiting the oxidation. It can be concluded that polyphenolic fraction of pomegranate juice can act as antiatherogenic supplementation and natural preservative for meat and fatty foods through direct inhibition of LDL oxidation.

RESUMEN

A efectos de prevenir la oxidación de LDL inducida por cobre, el presente estudio se propuso evaluar los efectos que los aceites de semilla de granada extraídos con fluido supercrítico o métodos de presión en frío (SFE-PSO y CP-PSO), y las fracciones polifenólicas de jugo de granada fermentado e insaponificable (N), así como el aceite de oliva y el alfa-tocoferol, tienen en estado puro o en distintos solventes. Los resultados mostraron que la adición de fracciones SFE-PSO, CP-PSO, N puras y aceite de oliva no produjo ningún efecto significativo en la oxidación de LDL. Por otra parte, el uso de varios solventes no contribuyó a extender la fase de latencia de la oxidación. Sin embargo, al agregar 0.5, 1, 1.5 y 3 µl de la solución W en EtOH se pudo retrasar la fase de latencia 103.5, 145.9, 200 y 199.1 minutos, respectivamente. No se produjo ningún efecto sinérgico entre W y N en la inhibición de oxidación. Por lo tanto, se concluye que la fracción polifenólica del jugo de granada puede actuar como suplemento antiaterogénico y conservador natural de carnes y alimentos grasos mediante la inhibición directa de la oxidación de LDL.

KEYWORDS:

• Pomegranate seed oil
• punica granatum
• antioxidant
• LDL
• lipid oxidation
• functional food

PALABRAS CLAVE:

• Aceite de semilla de granada
• punica granatum
• antioxidante
• LDL
• oxidación de lípidos
• alimento funcional

Acknowledgments

We would like to thank Dr. Ephraim Lansky from Rimonest Ltd (Haifa, Israel) for providing the test substances.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Additional information

Funding

This study did not get special support grant and was conducted in fulfilment of the requirements for the MD degree of J. Faisi at Friedrich-Alexander University, Erlangen–Nürnberg, Germany.