202
Views
184
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Remote Sensing Letters

A contextual algorithm for AVHRR fire detection

&
Pages 419-424 | Received 26 May 1995, Accepted 05 Sep 1995, Published online: 27 Apr 2007

Keep up to date with the latest research on this topic with citation updates for this article.

Read on this site (36)

Wei Zhou, Bo-Hui Tang, Zhi-Wei He, Liang Huang & Junyi Chen. (2024) Identification of forest fire points under clear sky conditions with Himawari-8 satellite data. International Journal of Remote Sensing 45:1, pages 214-234.
Read now
Han Zhang, Lin Sun, Chunkai Zheng, Shuai Ge, Jinpeng Chen & Jiayin Li. (2023) A weighted contextual active fire detection algorithm based on Himawari-8 data. International Journal of Remote Sensing 44:7, pages 2400-2427.
Read now
Cunhui Zhang, Jianhua Wan, Mingming Xu, Shanwei Liu & Hui Sheng. (2022) Spatio-temporal fire detection based on brightness temperature change in Himawari-8 images. International Journal of Remote Sensing 43:17, pages 6333-6348.
Read now
Munyaradzi Davis Shekede, Ibahnash Mupandira & Isaiah Gwitira. (2021) Spatio-temporal clustering of active wildfire pixels over a 19-year period in a southern African savanna ecosystem of Zimbabwe. South African Geographical Journal 103:3, pages 283-302.
Read now
Narasimhan K. Larkin, Sean M. Raffuse, ShihMing Huang, Nathan Pavlovic, Peter Lahm & Venkatesh Rao. (2020) The Comprehensive Fire Information Reconciled Emissions (CFIRE) inventory: Wildland fire emissions developed for the 2011 and 2014 U.S. National Emissions Inventory. Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association 70:11, pages 1165-1185.
Read now
Daniel A. Jaffe, Susan M. O’Neill, Narasimhan K. Larkin, Amara L. Holder, David L. Peterson, Jessica E. Halofsky & Ana G. Rappold. (2020) Wildfire and prescribed burning impacts on air quality in the United States. Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association 70:6, pages 583-615.
Read now
S. S. Kumar & D. P. Roy. (2018) Global operational land imager Landsat-8 reflectance-based active fire detection algorithm. International Journal of Digital Earth 11:2, pages 154-178.
Read now
Guang Xu & Xu Zhong. (2017) Real-time wildfire detection and tracking in Australia using geostationary satellite: Himawari-8. Remote Sensing Letters 8:11, pages 1052-1061.
Read now
Yong Huh & JaeKang Lee. (2017) Enhanced contextual forest fire detection with prediction interval analysis of surface temperature using vegetation amount. International Journal of Remote Sensing 38:11, pages 3375-3393.
Read now
Ebenezer Yemi Ogunbadewa. (2015) Identifying active fire in southwestern Nigeria with MODIS data and geographical information systems. Geodesy and Cartography 41:2, pages 81-91.
Read now
Liming He & Zhanqing Li. (2012) Enhancement of a fire detection algorithm by eliminating solar reflection in the mid-IR band: application to AVHRR data. International Journal of Remote Sensing 33:22, pages 7047-7059.
Read now
Ankita Gautam, Rohit Singh Gautam & Navrati Saxena. (2012) An intelligent wavelet transform-based framework to detect subsurface fires with NOAA–AVHRR images. International Journal of Remote Sensing 33:4, pages 1276-1295.
Read now
V.G. Ambrosia, S. Wegener, T. Zajkowski, D.V. Sullivan, S. Buechel, F. Enomoto, B. Lobitz, S. Johan, J. Brass & E. Hinkley. (2011) The Ikhana unmanned airborne system (UAS) western states fire imaging missions: from concept to reality (2006–2010). Geocarto International 26:2, pages 85-101.
Read now
L. Manzo-Delgado, S. Sánchez-Colón & R. Álvarez. (2009) Assessment of seasonal forest fire risk using NOAA-AVHRR: a case study in central Mexico. International Journal of Remote Sensing 30:19, pages 4991-5013.
Read now
Krishna Prasad Vadrevu & K. V.S. Badarinath. (2009) Spatial pattern analysis of fire events in Central India – A case study. Geocarto International 24:2, pages 115-131.
Read now
Krishna Prasad Vadrevu, K.V.S. Badarinath & Anuradha Eaturu. (2008) Spatio-temporal analysis of fire events in India: implications for environmental conservation. Journal of Environmental Planning and Management 51:6, pages 817-832.
Read now
H. Yahia, A. Turiel, N. Chrysoulakis, J. Grazzini, P. Prastacos & I. Herlin. (2008) Application of the multifractal microcanonical formalism to the detection of fire plumes in NOAA–AVHRR data. International Journal of Remote Sensing 29:14, pages 4189-4205.
Read now
KaziA. Kalpoma & Jun‐Ichi Kudoh. (2006) A new algorithm for forest fire detection method with statistical analysis using NOAA AVHRR images. International Journal of Remote Sensing 27:18, pages 3867-3880.
Read now
A. V. Bradley & A. C. Millington. (2006) Spatial and temporal scale issues in determining biomass burning regimes in Bolivia and Peru. International Journal of Remote Sensing 27:11, pages 2221-2253.
Read now
C. Quintano, A. Fernández‐Manso, O. Fernández‐Manso & Y. E. Shimabukuro. (2006) Mapping burned areas in Mediterranean countries using spectral mixture analysis from a uni‐temporal perspective. International Journal of Remote Sensing 27:4, pages 645-662.
Read now
James P Riddering & LLoyd P Queen. (2006) Estimating near-surface air temperature with NOAA AVHRR. Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing 32:1, pages 33-43.
Read now
. (2006) Full Issue in PDF / Numéro complet enform PDF. Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing 32:1, pages ii-CP-3.
Read now
J. Kučera, Y. Yasuoka & D. G. Dye. (2005) Creating a forest fire database for the Far East of Asia using NOAA/AVHRR observation. International Journal of Remote Sensing 26:11, pages 2423-2439.
Read now
L. Manzo-Delgado$suffix/text()$suffix/text(), R. Aguirre-Gómez & R. Álvarez. (2004) Multitemporal analysis of land surface temperature using NOAA-AVHRR: preliminary relationships between climatic anomalies and forest fires . International Journal of Remote Sensing 25:20, pages 4417-4424.
Read now
J. A. Moreno Ruiz$suffix/text()$suffix/text() & M. Cantón Garbín. (2004) Estimating burned area for Tropical Africa for the year 1990 with the NOAA-NASA Pathfinder AVHRR 8 km land dataset . International Journal of Remote Sensing 25:17, pages 3389-3440.
Read now
Nicholas Clinton, Peng Gong & Ruiliang Pu. (2004) Evaluation of Wildfire Mapping with NOAA/AVHRR Data by Land Cover Types and Eco-Regions in California. Geographic Information Sciences 10:1, pages 10-19.
Read now
F. Stolle$suffix/text()$suffix/text(), R. A. Dennis, I. Kurniwan & E. F. Lambin. (2004) Evaluation of remote sensing-based active fire datasets in Indonesia . International Journal of Remote Sensing 25:2, pages 471-479.
Read now
R D Graetz, J -M. Grégoire, J L Lovell, E A King, S K Campbell & A. Tournier. (2003) A contextual approach to the mapping of burned areas in tropical Australian savannas using medium-resolution satellite data. Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing 29:4, pages 499-509.
Read now
Thomas Theis Nielsen, Kjeld Rasmussen, Cheikh Mbow & Assize Touré. (2003) The fire regime of Senegal and its determinants. Geografisk Tidsskrift-Danish Journal of Geography 103:1, pages 43-53.
Read now
Marta Maggi & Daniela Stroppiana. (2002) Advantages and drawbacks of NOAA-AVHRR and SPOT-VGT for burnt area mapping in a tropical savanna ecosystem. Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing 28:2, pages 231-245.
Read now
T. T. Nielsen, C. Mbow & R. Kane. (2002) A statistical methodology for burned area estimation using multitemporal AVHRR data. International Journal of Remote Sensing 23:6, pages 1181-1196.
Read now
T. Phulpin, F. Lavenu, M. F. Bellan, B. Mougenot & F. Blasco. (2002) Using SPOT-4 HRVIR and VEGETATION sensors to assess impact of tropical forest fires in Roraima, Brazil. International Journal of Remote Sensing 23:10, pages 1943-1966.
Read now
Thomas Theis Nielsen & Kjeld Rasmussen. (1997) The Distribution in Time and Space of Savanna Fires in Burkina Faso as Determined from NOAA AVHRR Data. Geografisk Tidsskrift-Danish Journal of Geography 97:1, pages 86-97.
Read now
Hugh Eva & Stephane Flasse. (1996) Contextual and multiple‐threshold algorithms for regional active fire detection with AVHRR data. Remote Sensing Reviews 14:4, pages 333-351.
Read now

Articles from other publishers (148)

Yanmei Xie, Caihong Ma, Yindi Zhao, Dongmei Yan, Bo Cheng, Xiaolin Hou, Hongyu Chen, Bihong Fu & Guangtong Wan. (2024) The Potential of Using SDGSAT-1 TIS Data to Identify Industrial Heat Sources in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei Region. Remote Sensing 16:5, pages 768.
Crossref
Tom J. Schiks, B. Mike Wotton & David L. Martell. (2024) Remote Sensing Active Fire Detection Tools Support Growth Reconstruction for Large Boreal Wildfires. Fire 7:1, pages 26.
Crossref
Louis Giglio, David P. Roy, Michael L. Humber, Evan Ellicott, Maria Zubkova & Christopher O. Justice. 2023. Landscape Fire, Smoke, and Health. Landscape Fire, Smoke, and Health 37 51 .
Sahan Bandara, Satheeskumar Navaratnam & Pathmanathan Rajeev. (2023) Bushfire Management Strategies: Current Practice, Technological Advancement and Challenges. Fire 6:11, pages 421.
Crossref
Bohdan Yailymov, Andrii Shelestov, Hanna Yailymova & Leonid Shumilo. (2023) Google Earth Engine Framework for Satellite Data-Driven Wildfire Monitoring in Ukraine. Fire 6:11, pages 411.
Crossref
Bohdan Yailymov, Hanna Yailymova, Andrii Shelestov & Leonid Shumilo. (2023) Monitoring of Fires Caused by War in Ukraine Based on Satellite Data. Monitoring of Fires Caused by War in Ukraine Based on Satellite Data.
Olga Girina, Alexander Manevich, Evgeny Loupian, Ivan Uvarov, Sergey Korolev, Aleksei Sorokin, Iraida Romanova, Lubov Kramareva & Mikhail Burtsev. (2023) Monitoring the Thermal Activity of Kamchatkan Volcanoes during 2015–2022 Using Remote Sensing. Remote Sensing 15:19, pages 4775.
Crossref
Chuanfeng Liu, Rui Chen & Binbin He. (2023) Integrating Machine Learning and a Spatial Contextual Algorithm to Detect Wildfire from Himawari-8 Data in Southwest China. Forests 14:5, pages 919.
Crossref
Lin Zhang, Mingyang Wang, Yunhong Ding & Xiangfeng Bu. (2023) MS-FRCNN: A Multi-Scale Faster RCNN Model for Small Target Forest Fire Detection. Forests 14:3, pages 616.
Crossref
Da Zhang, Chunlin Huang, Juan Gu, Jinliang Hou, Ying Zhang, Weixiao Han, Peng Dou & Yaya Feng. (2023) Real-Time Wildfire Detection Algorithm Based on VIIRS Fire Product and Himawari-8 Data. Remote Sensing 15:6, pages 1541.
Crossref
Shuai Ge & Jiayin Li. (2023) Improved algorithm for adaptive fire detection using MODIS data. Improved algorithm for adaptive fire detection using MODIS data.
Swagata Payra, Ajay Sharma & Sunita Verma. 2023. Atmospheric Remote Sensing. Atmospheric Remote Sensing 239 260 .
Ezgi TÜKEL & Kaan KALKAN. (2022) Analysis of the Threat of Forest Fires to Ancient Cities by GIS and Remote Sensing Methods. Turkish Journal of Geosciences 3:2, pages 58-63.
Crossref
Farrokh Pourshakouri, Ali A. Darvishsefat, Farhad Samadzadegan, Pedram Attarod & Saeid Amini. (2022) An improved algorithm for small and low-intensity fire detection in the temperate deciduous forests using MODIS data: a preliminary study in the Caspian Forests of Northern Iran. Natural Hazards.
Crossref
Thanh Cong Phan, Nguyen Duc Khang Quach, Thanh Tam Nguyen, Thanh Toan Nguyen, Jun Jo & Quoc Viet Hung Nguyen. (2022) Real-time wildfire detection with semantic explanations. Expert Systems with Applications 201, pages 117007.
Crossref
Zhangyu Dong, Jinqiu Yu, Sen An, Jin Zhang, Jinhui Li & Daoli Xu. (2022) Forest Fire Detection of FY-3D Using Genetic Algorithm and Brightness Temperature Change. Forests 13:6, pages 963.
Crossref
Janine Florath & Sina Keller. (2022) Supervised Machine Learning Approaches on Multispectral Remote Sensing Data for a Combined Detection of Fire and Burned Area. Remote Sensing 14:3, pages 657.
Crossref
Martin J. Wooster, Gareth J. Roberts, Louis Giglio, David P. Roy, Patrick H Freeborn, Luigi Boschetti, Chris Justice, Charles Ichoku, Wilfrid Schroeder, Diane Davies, Alistair M.S. Smith, Alberto Setzer, Ivan Csiszar, Tercia Strydom, Philip Frost, Tianran Zhang, Weidong Xu, Mark C de Jong, Joshua M. Johnston, Luke Ellison, Krishna Vadrevu, Aaron M. Sparks, Hannah Nguyen, Jessica McCarty, Veerachai Tanpipat, Chris Schmidt & Jesus San-Miguel-Ayanz. (2021) Satellite remote sensing of active fires: History and current status, applications and future requirements. Remote Sensing of Environment 267, pages 112694.
Crossref
Soushi Kato, Hiroki Miyamoto, Stefania Amici, Atsushi Oda, Hiroyuki Matsushita & Ryosuke Nakamura. (2021) Automated classification of heat sources detected using SWIR remote sensing. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation 103, pages 102491.
Crossref
Gonzalo Otón, Joshua Lizundia-Loiola, M. Lucrecia Pettinari & Emilio Chuvieco. (2021) Development of a consistent global long-term burned area product (1982–2018) based on AVHRR-LTDR data. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation 103, pages 102473.
Crossref
Thanh Tam Nguyen, Thanh Toan Nguyen, Thanh Cong Phan, Quang Duc Nguyen & Quoc Viet Hung Nguyen. (2021) Realtime Bushfire Detection with Spatial-based Complex Event Processing. Realtime Bushfire Detection with Spatial-based Complex Event Processing.
Zhen Zhang, Leilei Wang, Naiting Xue & Zhiheng Du. (2021) Spatiotemporal Analysis of Active Fires in the Arctic Region during 2001–2019 and a Fire Risk Assessment Model. Fire 4:3, pages 57.
Crossref
Adu Gong, Jing Li & Yanling Chen. (2021) A Spatio-Temporal Brightness Temperature Prediction Method for Forest Fire Detection with MODIS Data: A Case Study in San Diego. Remote Sensing 13:15, pages 2900.
Crossref
Yongxue Liu, Weifeng Zhi, Bihua Xu, Wenxuan Xu & Wei Wu. (2021) Detecting high-temperature anomalies from Sentinel-2 MSI images. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 177, pages 174-193.
Crossref
Chermelle B. Engel, Simon D. Jones & Karin Reinke. (2021) A Seasonal-Window Ensemble-Based Thresholding Technique Used to Detect Active Fires in Geostationary Remotely Sensed Data. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 59:6, pages 4947-4956.
Crossref
Chermelle B. Engel, Simon D. Jones & Karin J. Reinke. (2021) Real-Time Detection of Daytime and Night-Time Fire Hotspots from Geostationary Satellites. Remote Sensing 13:9, pages 1627.
Crossref
Sarah Masoumi, Thomas C. Baum, Amir Ebrahimi, Wayne S. T. Rowe & Kamran Ghorbani. (2021) Reflection Measurement of Fire Over Microwave Band: A Promising Active Method for Forest Fire Detection. IEEE Sensors Journal 21:3, pages 2891-2898.
Crossref
Zhao Deng & Gui Zhang. (2021) An Improved Forest Fire Monitoring Algorithm With Three-Dimensional Otsu. IEEE Access 9, pages 118367-118378.
Crossref
Matheus Gabriel Acorsi, Leandro Maria Gimenez & Maurício Martello. (2020) Assessing the Performance of a Low-Cost Thermal Camera in Proximal and Aerial Conditions. Remote Sensing 12:21, pages 3591.
Crossref
Chen Haidong, Duan Shangqi, Ge Xingke, Huang Shuangde, Wang Tao, Xu Debin & Xu Baoyu. (2020) Multi-temporal remote sensing fire detection based on GBDT in Yunnan area. Multi-temporal remote sensing fire detection based on GBDT in Yunnan area.
L. Shumilo, B. Yailymov & A. Shelestov. (2020) Active Fire Monitoring Service for Ukraine Based on Satellite Data. Active Fire Monitoring Service for Ukraine Based on Satellite Data.
Guoyong Zhang, Bo Li, Jing Luo & Lifu He. (2020) A Self-Adaptive Wildfire Detection Algorithm with Two-Dimensional Otsu Optimization. Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2020, pages 1-12.
Crossref
Gustave Udahemuka, Barend J. van Wyk & Yskandar Hamam. (2020) Characterization of Background Temperature Dynamics of a Multitemporal Satellite Scene through Data Assimilation for Wildfire Detection. Remote Sensing 12:10, pages 1661.
Crossref
Thanh Cong Phan, Thanh Tam Nguyen, Thanh Dat Hoang, Quoc Viet Hung Nguyen & Jun Jo. (2020) Multi-Scale Bushfire Detection From Multi-Modal Streams of Remote Sensing Data. IEEE Access 8, pages 228496-228513.
Crossref
Yu Liang, Lawu Zhou, Jie Chen, Yong Huang, Ruizeng Wei & Enze Zhou. (2020) Monitoring and Risk Assessment of Wildfires in the Corridors of High-Voltage Transmission Lines. IEEE Access 8, pages 170057-170069.
Crossref
Guoyong Zhang, Bo Li, Jing Luo, Xiudong Zhou, Song Xu & Zhouping San. (2019) A Multi-temporal Anomaly Analysis Wildfire Detection Method for Transmission Lines. A Multi-temporal Anomaly Analysis Wildfire Detection Method for Transmission Lines.
Weijie Chen, You Zhou, Jie Chen, Enze Zhou, Wentao Zhou & Sanyi Sui. (2019) Wildfire Monitoring Technology of Transmission Lines Based on Himawari-8 Geostationary Meteorological Satellite. Wildfire Monitoring Technology of Transmission Lines Based on Himawari-8 Geostationary Meteorological Satellite.
Doris Klein, Rudolf Richter, Christian Strobl & Daniel Schlapfer. (2019) Solar Influence on Fire Radiative Power Retrieved With the Bispectral Method. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 57:7, pages 4521-4528.
Crossref
Giovanni Laneve, Giancarlo Santilli & Roberto Luciani. (2019) Improving SEVIRI-Based Hotspots Detection by Using Multiple Simultaneous Observations. IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing 12:7, pages 2349-2356.
Crossref
Emilio Chuvieco, Florent Mouillot, Guido R. van der Werf, Jesús San Miguel, Mihai Tanase, Nikos Koutsias, Mariano García, Marta Yebra, Marc Padilla, Ioannis Gitas, Angelika Heil, Todd J. Hawbaker & Louis Giglio. (2019) Historical background and current developments for mapping burned area from satellite Earth observation. Remote Sensing of Environment 225, pages 45-64.
Crossref
Christopher Elvidge, Mikhail Zhizhin, Kimberly Baugh, Feng Hsu & Tilottama Ghosh. (2019) Extending Nighttime Combustion Source Detection Limits with Short Wavelength VIIRS Data. Remote Sensing 11:4, pages 395.
Crossref
Zixi Xie, Weiguo Song, Rui Ba, Xiaolian Li & Long Xia. (2018) A Spatiotemporal Contextual Model for Forest Fire Detection Using Himawari-8 Satellite Data. Remote Sensing 10:12, pages 1992.
Crossref
Haiping Xia, Yunhao Chen & Jinling Quan. (2018) A simple method based on the thermal anomaly index to detect industrial heat sources. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation 73, pages 627-637.
Crossref
Giovanni Laneve, Giancarlo Santilli & Roberto Luciani. (2018) Improving Seviri Based Hot Spots Detection by Using Multiple Simultaneous Observations. Improving Seviri Based Hot Spots Detection by Using Multiple Simultaneous Observations.
Valeria Di Biase & Giovanni Laneve. (2018) Geostationary Sensor Based Forest Fire Detection and Monitoring: An Improved Version of the SFIDE Algorithm. Remote Sensing 10:5, pages 741.
Crossref
Efthymia Pavlidou, Christoph Hecker, Harald van der Werff & Mark van der Meijde. (2017) Study of Volcanic Activity at Different Time Scales Using Hypertemporal Land Surface Temperature Data. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 122:10, pages 7613-7625.
Crossref
Francesco Marchese, Giuseppe Mazzeo, Carolina Filizzola, Irina Coviello, Alfredo Falconieri, Teodosio Lacava, Rossana Paciello, Nicola Pergola & Valerio Tramutoli. (2017) Issues and Possible Improvements in Winter Fires Detection by Satellite Radiances Analysis: Lesson Learned in Two Regions of Northern Italy. IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing 10:7, pages 3297-3313.
Crossref
Carolina Filizzola, Rosita Corrado, Francesco Marchese, Giuseppe Mazzeo, Rossana Paciello, Nicola Pergola & Valerio Tramutoli. (2017) RST-FIRES, an exportable algorithm for early-fire detection and monitoring: Description, implementation, and field validation in the case of the MSG-SEVIRI sensor. Remote Sensing of Environment 192, pages e2-e25.
Crossref
Simon Plank, Eva-Maria Fuchs & Corinne Frey. (2017) A Fully Automatic Instantaneous Fire Hotspot Detection Processor Based on AVHRR Imagery—A TIMELINE Thematic Processor. Remote Sensing 9:1, pages 30.
Crossref
Takashi MIURA & Masao MORIYAMA. (2017) Development of a SGLI Adaptable Active Fire Detection Algorithm using NIR, SWIR and TIR Observation Channels近赤外・短波長赤外・熱赤外観測チャンネルを利用したSGLI向け森林火災検知アルゴリズムの開発. Journal of the Japan society of photogrammetry and remote sensing 56:6, pages 307-321.
Crossref
Masataka MIZUTANI, Wataru TAKEUCHI & Masao MORIYAMA. (2017) Wildfire detection in Buryat Republic by Advanced Himawari-8 Imager (AHI)ひまわり8号を用いたブリヤート共和国における森林火災検知に関する研究. Journal of the Japan society of photogrammetry and remote sensing 56:5, pages 244-247.
Crossref
Carolina Filizzola, Rosita Corrado, Francesco Marchese, Giuseppe Mazzeo, Rossana Paciello, Nicola Pergola & Valerio Tramutoli. (2016) RST-FIRES, an exportable algorithm for early-fire detection and monitoring: description, implementation, and field validation in the case of the MSG-SEVIRI sensor. Remote Sensing of Environment 186, pages 196-216.
Crossref
Thomas N. Polivka, Jun Wang, Luke T. Ellison, Edward J. Hyer & Charles M. Ichoku. (2016) Improving Nocturnal Fire Detection With the VIIRS Day–Night Band. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 54:9, pages 5503-5519.
Crossref
Peter I. Miller & Andrew J. L. Harris. (2016) Near-real-time service provision during effusive crises at Etna and Stromboli: basis and implementation of satellite-based IR operations. Geological Society, London, Special Publications 426:1, pages 463-488.
Crossref
A. J. L. Harris, S. Carn, J. Dehn, C. Del Negro, M. T. Guđmundsson, B. Cordonnier, T. Barnie, E. Chahi, S. Calvari, T. Catry, T. de Groeve, D. Coppola, A. Davies, M. Favalli, F. Ferrucci, E. Fujita, G. Ganci, F. Garel, P. Huet, J. Kauahikaua, K. Kelfoun, V. Lombardo, G. Macedonio, J. Pacheco, M. Patrick, N. Pergola, M. Ramsey, R. Rongo, F. Sahy, K. Smith, S. Tarquini, T. Thordarson, N. Villeneuve, P. Webley, R. Wright & K. Zakšek. (2016) Conclusion: recommendations and findings of the RED SEED working group. Geological Society, London, Special Publications 426:1, pages 567-648.
Crossref
Victor H. Ramos & Africa I. Flores. 2016. Earth Science Satellite Applications. Earth Science Satellite Applications 3 25 .
Obinna C.D. Anejionu, G. Alan Blackburn & J. Duncan Whyatt. (2015) Detecting gas flares and estimating flaring volumes at individual flow stations using MODIS data. Remote Sensing of Environment 158, pages 81-94.
Crossref
Tasneem Ahmed, Shashi Vardhan Naidu, Dharmendra Singh & Raman Balasubramanian. (2015) An approach to detect hotspots with INSAT-3D data. An approach to detect hotspots with INSAT-3D data.
M. Faruolo, I. Coviello, C. Filizzola, T. Lacava, N. Pergola & V. Tramutoli. (2014) A satellite-based analysis of the Val d'Agri Oil Center (southern Italy) gas flaring emissions. Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 14:10, pages 2783-2793.
Crossref
Ibrahim Sönmez, Ahmet Emre Tekeli, Erdem Erdi, Fatih Demir & Murat Arslan. (2013) Validation of the Meteosat Second Generation (MSG) fire monitoring product using ground observations over Turkey. Arabian Journal of Geosciences 7:8, pages 3389-3398.
Crossref
G. Laneve, M. Jahjah, F. Ferrucci, B. Hirn, F. Battazza, L. Fusilli & R. de Bonis. (2014) SIGRI Project: Products Validation Results. IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing 7:3, pages 895-905.
Crossref
Wilfrid Schroeder, Patricia Oliva, Louis Giglio & Ivan A. Csiszar. (2014) The New VIIRS 375 m active fire detection data product: Algorithm description and initial assessment. Remote Sensing of Environment 143, pages 85-96.
Crossref
Huajun Tang & Zhao-Liang LiHuajun Tang & Zhao-Liang Li. 2014. Quantitative Remote Sensing in Thermal Infrared. Quantitative Remote Sensing in Thermal Infrared 203 256 .
David P. Roy, Luigi Boschetti & Alistair M.S. Smith. 2013. Fire Phenomena and the Earth System. Fire Phenomena and the Earth System 77 93 .
Jeffrey S. Reid, Edward J. Hyer, Randall S. Johnson, Brent N. Holben, Robert J. Yokelson, Jianglong Zhang, James R. Campbell, Sundar A. Christopher, Larry Di Girolamo, Louis Giglio, Robert E. Holz, Courtney Kearney, Jukka Miettinen, Elizabeth A. Reid, F. Joseph Turk, Jun Wang, Peng Xian, Guangyu Zhao, Rajasekhar Balasubramanian, Boon Ning Chew, Serm Janjai, Nofel Lagrosas, Puji Lestari, Neng-Huei Lin, Mastura Mahmud, Anh X. Nguyen, Bethany Norris, Nguyen T.K. Oanh, Min Oo, Santo V. Salinas, E. Judd Welton & Soo Chin Liew. (2013) Observing and understanding the Southeast Asian aerosol system by remote sensing: An initial review and analysis for the Seven Southeast Asian Studies (7SEAS) program. Atmospheric Research 122, pages 403-468.
Crossref
S. Movaghati, F. Samadzadegan & A. Azizi. (2012) An Agent-Based Approach for Regional Forest Fire Detection Using MODIS Data: A Preliminary Study in Iran. Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing 41:1, pages 21-33.
Crossref
David Peterson, Jun Wang, Charles Ichoku, Edward Hyer & Vincent Ambrosia. (2013) A sub-pixel-based calculation of fire radiative power from MODIS observations: 1. Remote Sensing of Environment 129, pages 262-279.
Crossref
David Peterson & Jun Wang. (2013) A sub-pixel-based calculation of fire radiative power from MODIS observations: 2. Sensitivity analysis and potential fire weather application. Remote Sensing of Environment 129, pages 231-249.
Crossref
Martin J. Wooster, Gareth Roberts, Alistair M. S. Smith, Joshua Johnston, Patrick Freeborn, Stefania Amici & Andrew T. Hudak. 2013. Thermal Infrared Remote Sensing. Thermal Infrared Remote Sensing 347 390 .
Yimin Ji & Erich Franz Stocker. 2013. Remote Sensing and Modeling Applications to Wildland Fires. Remote Sensing and Modeling Applications to Wildland Fires 161 180 .
Tiziana Beltramonte, Maurizio Di Bisceglie, Carmela Galdi & Silvia Ullo. (2012) CFAR detection of fire events in non-homogeneous non-Gaussian background. CFAR detection of fire events in non-homogeneous non-Gaussian background.
Charles Ichoku, Ralph Kahn & Mian Chin. (2012) Satellite contributions to the quantitative characterization of biomass burning for climate modeling. Atmospheric Research 111, pages 1-28.
Crossref
Andrea M. Steffke & Andrew J. L. Harris. (2011) A review of algorithms for detecting volcanic hot spots in satellite infrared data. Bulletin of Volcanology 73:9, pages 1109-1137.
Crossref
Qing Li, Qiao Wang, Zhongting Wang, Xiang Zhao, Chunyan Zhou, Lijuan Zhang & Hui Chen. (2011) Research on monitoring of the fire points of straw burning based on HJ-1/IRS and its effects on air quality. Research on monitoring of the fire points of straw burning based on HJ-1/IRS and its effects on air quality.
Meir Israelowitz, Jeong-Ah Kwon, Syed W. H. Rizvi, Christoph Gille & Herb P. von Schroeder. (2011) Mechanism of infrared detection and transduction by beetle Melanophila Acuminata. Journal of Bionic Engineering 8:2, pages 129-139.
Crossref
Nicolaos I. Sifakis, Christos Iossifidis, Charalabos Kontoes & Iphigenia Keramitsoglou. (2011) Wildfire Detection and Tracking over Greece Using MSG‑SEVIRI Satellite Data. Remote Sensing 3:3, pages 524-538.
Crossref
M. Amraoui, C.C. DaCamara & J.M.C. Pereira. (2010) Detection and monitoring of African vegetation fires using MSG-SEVIRI imagery. Remote Sensing of Environment 114:5, pages 1038-1052.
Crossref
Andrew P. Vayda. 2010. Human Ecology. Human Ecology 17 35 .
Wisdom M. Dlamini. (2009) Characterization of the July 2007 Swaziland fire disaster using satellite remote sensing and GIS. Applied Geography 29:3, pages 299-307.
Crossref
Yonggang Qian, Guangjian Yan, Sibo Duan & Xiangsheng Kong. (2009) A Contextual Fire Detection Algorithm for Simulated HJ-1B Imagery. Sensors 9:2, pages 961-979.
Crossref
Florian Goessmann, Stefan W. Maier & Mervyn J. Lynch. 2009. Innovations in Remote Sensing and Photogrammetry. Innovations in Remote Sensing and Photogrammetry 183 189 .
John J. Qu, Wanting Wang, Swarvanu Dasgupta & Xianjun Hao. (2008) Active fire monitoring and fire danger potential detection from space: A review. Frontiers of Earth Science in China 2:4, pages 479-486.
Crossref
R.S. Gautam, D. Singh & A. Mittal. (2008) An Efficient Contextual Algorithm to Detect Subsurface Fires With NOAA/AVHRR Data. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 46:7, pages 2005-2015.
Crossref
Louis Giglio, Ivan Csiszar, Ágoston Restás, Jeffrey T. Morisette, Wilfrid Schroeder, Douglas Morton & Christopher O. Justice. (2008) Active fire detection and characterization with the advanced spaceborne thermal emission and reflection radiometer (ASTER). Remote Sensing of Environment 112:6, pages 3055-3063.
Crossref
Todd J. Hawbaker, Volker C. Radeloff, Alexandra D. Syphard, Zhiliang Zhu & Susan I. Stewart. (2008) Detection rates of the MODIS active fire product in the United States. Remote Sensing of Environment 112:5, pages 2656-2664.
Crossref
Gareth J. Roberts & Martin J. Wooster. (2008) Fire Detection and Fire Characterization Over Africa Using Meteosat SEVIRI. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 46:4, pages 1200-1218.
Crossref
R.S. Gautam, D. Singh, A. Mittal & P. Sajin. (2008) Application of SVM on satellite images to detect hotspots in Jharia coal field region of India. Advances in Space Research 41:11, pages 1784-1792.
Crossref
Andrew Terhorst, Deshendran Moodley, Ingo Simonis, Philip Frost, Graeme McFerren, Stacey Roos & Frans van den Bergh. 2008. GeoSensor Networks. GeoSensor Networks 239 251 .
Emilio Chuvieco. 2008. Earth Observation of Global Change. Earth Observation of Global Change 109 142 .
R. S. Gautam, D. Singh & A. Mittal. (2007) A fuzzy logic approach to detect hotspots with NOAA/AVHRR image using multi-channel information fusion technique. Signal, Image and Video Processing 1:4, pages 347-357.
Crossref
A. Koltunov & S.L. Ustin. (2007) Early fire detection using non-linear multitemporal prediction of thermal imagery. Remote Sensing of Environment 110:1, pages 18-28.
Crossref
Giuseppe Mazzeo, Francesco Marchese, Carolina Filizzola, Nicola Pergola & Valerio Tramutoli. (2007) A Multi-temporal Robust Satellite Technique (RST) for Forest Fire Detection. A Multi-temporal Robust Satellite Technique (RST) for Forest Fire Detection.
Richard Smith, Matthew Adams, Stefan Maier, Ronald Craig, Agnes Kristina & Ian Maling. (2007) Estimating the area of stubble burning from the number of active fires detected by satellite. Remote Sensing of Environment 109:1, pages 95-106.
Crossref
Emilio Chuvieco & Eric S. Kasischke. (2007) Remote sensing information for fire management and fire effects assessment. Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences 112:G1.
Crossref
Andrew P. Vayda. (2006) Causal Explanation of Indonesian Forest Fires: Concepts, Applications, and Research Priorities. Human Ecology 34:5, pages 615-635.
Crossref
G. Laneve, M.M. Castronuovo & E.G. Cadau. (2006) Continuous Monitoring of Forest Fires in the Mediterranean Area Using MSG. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 44:10, pages 2761-2768.
Crossref
G. Laneve, M. Castronuovo & E. Cadau. (2006) Assessment of the Fire Detection Limit using SEVIRI/MSG Sensor. Assessment of the Fire Detection Limit using SEVIRI/MSG Sensor.
C. M. Di Bella, E. G. Jobbágy, J. M. Paruelo & S. Pinnock. (2006) Continental fire density patterns in South America. Global Ecology and Biogeography 15:2, pages 192-199.
Crossref
Peng Gong, Ruiliang Pu, Zhanqing Li, James Scarborough, Nicolas Clinton & Lisa M. Levien. (2006) An Integrated Approach to Wildland Fire Mapping of California, USA Using NOAA/AVHRR Data. Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing 72:2, pages 139-150.
Crossref
Leigh B. Lentile, Zachary A. Holden, Alistair M. S. Smith, Michael J. Falkowski, Andrew T. Hudak, Penelope Morgan, Sarah A. Lewis, Paul E. Gessler & Nate C. Benson. (2006) Remote sensing techniques to assess active fire characteristics and post-fire effects. International Journal of Wildland Fire 15:3, pages 319.
Crossref
B. Zhukov, E. Lorenz, D. Oertel, M. Wooster & G. Roberts. (2006) Spaceborne detection and characterization of fires during the bi-spectral infrared detection (BIRD) experimental small satellite mission (2001–2004). Remote Sensing of Environment 100:1, pages 29-51.
Crossref
E. A. Loupian, A. A. Mazurov, E. V. Flitman, D. V. Ershov, G. N. Korovin, V. P. Novik, N. A. Abushenko, D. A. Altyntsev, V. V. Koshelev, S. A. Tashchilin, A. V. Tatarnikov, I. Csiszar, A. I. Sukhinin, E. I. Ponomarev, S. V. Afonin, V. V. Belov, G. G. Matvienko & T. Loboda. (2006) Satellite Monitoring of Forest Fires in Russia at Federal and Regional Levels. Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change 11:1, pages 113-145.
Crossref
Yimin Ji & Erich Stocker. 2006. Earth Science Satellite Remote Sensing. Earth Science Satellite Remote Sensing 363 391 .
Jesus San-Miguel-Ayanz & Nicolas Ravail. (2005) Active Fire Detection for Fire Emergency Management: Potential and Limitations for the Operational Use of Remote Sensing. Natural Hazards 35:3, pages 361-376.
Crossref
G. Laneve, M.M. Castronuovo & E. Cadau. (2005) Continuous monitoring of forest fires in the Mediterranean area using MSG. Continuous monitoring of forest fires in the Mediterranean area using MSG.
K.A. Kalpoma, Y. Haramoto & Jun-ich Kudoh. (2005) A new approach for more effective fire detection method using NOAA AVHRR images. A new approach for more effective fire detection method using NOAA AVHRR images.
L. Manzo-Delgado, S. Sanchez-Colon & R. Alvarez. (2005) Multitemporal analysis of NDVI and land surface temperature for modeling the probability of forest fire occurrence in central Mexico. Multitemporal analysis of NDVI and land surface temperature for modeling the probability of forest fire occurrence in central Mexico.
F. van den Bergh & P.E. Frost. (2005) A multi temporal approach to fire detection using MSG data. A multi temporal approach to fire detection using MSG data.
Robert Wright, Luke P Flynn, Harold Garbeil, Andrew J.L Harris & Eric Pilger. (2004) MODVOLC: near-real-time thermal monitoring of global volcanism. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 135:1-2, pages 29-49.
Crossref
S. Carboni D. Simonetti. (2004) The world fire web: proposal of a new discriminant function to increase the fire detection accuracy at global level. The world fire web: proposal of a new discriminant function to increase the fire detection accuracy at global level.
R. Pu, P. Gong, Z. Li & J. Scarborough. (2004) A dynamic algorithm for wildfire mapping with NOAA/AVHRR data. International Journal of Wildland Fire 13:3, pages 275.
Crossref
Louis Giglio, Jacques Descloitres, Christopher O. Justice & Yoram J. Kaufman. (2003) An Enhanced Contextual Fire Detection Algorithm for MODIS. Remote Sensing of Environment 87:2-3, pages 273-282.
Crossref
F. Stolle, K.M. Chomitz, E.F. Lambin & T.P. Tomich. (2003) Land use and vegetation fires in Jambi Province, Sumatra, Indonesia. Forest Ecology and Management 179:1-3, pages 277-292.
Crossref
Hugh Eva & Steffen Fritz. (2003) Examining the potential of using remotely sensed fire data to predict areas of rapid forest change in South America. Applied Geography 23:2-3, pages 189-204.
Crossref
Zhanqing Li, R. Fraser, J. Jin, A. A. Abuelgasim, I. Csiszar, P. Gong, R. Pu & W. Hao. (2003) Evaluation of algorithms for fire detection and mapping across North America from satellite. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 108:D2.
Crossref
Ivan Csiszar, Abdelgadir Abuelgasim, Zhanqing Li, Ji‐zhong Jin, Robert Fraser & Wei‐Min Hao. (2003) Interannual changes of active fire detectability in North America from long‐term records of the advanced very high resolution radiometer. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 108:D2.
Crossref
J.-I. Kudoh & K. Hosoi. (2003) Two dimensional Forest Fire Detection method by using NOAA AVHRR images. Two dimensional Forest Fire Detection method by using NOAA AVHRR images.
Y. M. Govaerts, J. M. Pereira, B. Pinty & B. Mota. (2002) Impact of fires on surface albedo dynamics over the African continent. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 107:D22.
Crossref
Christopher Potter, Vanessa Brooks‐Genovese, Steven Klooster & Alicia Torregrosa. (2002) Biomass burning emissions of reactive gases estimated from satellite data analysis and ecosystem modeling for the Brazilian Amazon region. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 107:D20.
Crossref
Robert Wright, Luke Flynn, Harold Garbeil, Andrew Harris & Eric Pilger. (2002) Automated volcanic eruption detection using MODIS. Remote Sensing of Environment 82:1, pages 135-155.
Crossref
M. J. Wooster & N. Strub. (2002) Study of the 1997 Borneo fires: Quantitative analysis using global area coverage (GAC) satellite data. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 16:1.
Crossref
K. Fujiwara & J. Kudoh. (2002) Forest fire detection in 2001 using three-dimensional histogram. Forest fire detection in 2001 using three-dimensional histogram.
K. Fujiwara, K. Kushida, M. Fukuda & J. Kudoh. (2002) Forest fire detection in far east Russian region with NOAA AVHRR images. Forest fire detection in far east Russian region with NOAA AVHRR images.
Pietro Ceccato, Stéphane Flasse, Stefano Tarantola, Stéphane Jacquemoud & Jean-Marie Grégoire. (2001) Detecting vegetation leaf water content using reflectance in the optical domain. Remote Sensing of Environment 77:1, pages 22-33.
Crossref
Christopher Potter, Steven Klooster, Claudio Reis de Carvalho, Vanessa Brooks Genovese, Alicia Torregrosa, Jennifer Dungan, Matthew Bobo & Joseph Coughlan. (2001) Modeling seasonal and interannual variability in ecosystem carbon cycling for the Brazilian Amazon region. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 106:D10, pages 10423-10446.
Crossref
Christopher Potter, Vanessa Brooks Genovese, Steven Klooster, Matthew Bobo & Alicia Torregrosa. (2001) Biomass burning losses of carbon estimated from ecosystem modeling and satellite data analysis for the Brazilian Amazon region. Atmospheric Environment 35:10, pages 1773-1781.
Crossref
M.F. Ugarte, R.I. Zequeira & F. López. (2001) An approach for the compensation of the background variability in fire detection systems. Infrared Physics & Technology 42:1, pages 23-30.
Crossref
C. Taube, L. Collett, R. Hassett, N. Flood & W. Hall. (2001) Ground-cover and fire monitoring in Queensland's arid and semi-arid rangelands. Ground-cover and fire monitoring in Queensland's arid and semi-arid rangelands.
T.T. Nielsen. (2001) The application of absolute reflection thresholds in active fire monitoring. The application of absolute reflection thresholds in active fire monitoring.
K. Fujiwara & J. Kudoh. (2001) Siberian forest fire detection using NOAA AVHRR. Siberian forest fire detection using NOAA AVHRR.
Douglas O. Fuller. (2016) Satellite remote sensing of biomass burning with optical and thermal sensors. Progress in Physical Geography: Earth and Environment 24:4, pages 543-561.
Crossref
Hugh Eva & Eric F. Lambin. (2001) Fires and land‐cover change in the tropics:a remote sensing analysis at the landscape scale. Journal of Biogeography 27:3, pages 765-776.
Crossref
Stephen H Boles & David L Verbyla. (2000) Comparison of Three AVHRR-Based Fire Detection Algorithms for Interior Alaska. Remote Sensing of Environment 72:1, pages 1-16.
Crossref
Edward Dwyer, José M. C. Pereira, Jean‐Marie Grégoire & Carlos C. DaCamara. (2001) Characterization of the spatio‐temporal patterns of global fire activity using satellite imagery for the period April 1992 to March 1993. Journal of Biogeography 27:1, pages 57-69.
Crossref
Donald R. CahoonJr.Jr., Brian J. Stocks, Martin E. Alexander, Bryan A. Baum & Johann G. Goldammer. 2000. Biomass Burning and Its Inter-Relationships with the Climate System. Biomass Burning and Its Inter-Relationships with the Climate System 151 169 .
José M. C. Pereira, Maria J. P. Vasconcelos & Adélia M. Sousa. 2000. Biomass Burning and Its Inter-Relationships with the Climate System. Biomass Burning and Its Inter-Relationships with the Climate System 215 232 .
Daniela Stroppiana, Pietro Alessandro Brivio & Jean-Mare Grégoire. 2000. Biomass Burning and Its Inter-Relationships with the Climate System. Biomass Burning and Its Inter-Relationships with the Climate System 193 213 .
José M. C. Pereira, Bárbara S. Pereira, Paulo Barbosa, Daniela Stroppiana, Maria J. P. Vasconcelos & Jean‐Marie Grégoire. (1999) Satellite monitoring of fire in the EXPRESSO study area during the 1996 dry season experiment: Active fires, burnt area, and atmospheric emissions. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 104:D23, pages 30701-30712.
Crossref
S. Cautenet, D. Poulet, C. Delon, R. Delmas, J.‐M. Grégoire, J. M. Pereira, S. Cherchali, O. Amram & G. Flouzat. (1999) Simulation of carbon monoxide redistribution over central Africa during biomass burning events (Experiment for Regional Sources and Sinks of Oxidants (EXPRESSO)). Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 104:D23, pages 30641-30657.
Crossref
J.‐M. Grégoire, S. Pinnock, E. Dwyer & E. Janodet. (1999) Satellite monitoring of vegetation fires for EXPRESSO: Outline of activity and relative importance of the study area in the global picture of biomass burning. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 104:D23, pages 30691-30699.
Crossref
Paulo Marinho Barbosa, Daniela Stroppiana, Jean‐Marie Grégoire & José Miguel Cardoso Pereira. (1999) An assessment of vegetation fire in Africa (1981–1991): Burned areas, burned biomass, and atmospheric emissions. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 13:4, pages 933-950.
Crossref
Paulo Marinho Barbosa, Jean-Marie Grégoire & José Miguel Cardoso Pereira. (1999) An Algorithm for Extracting Burned Areas from Time Series of AVHRR GAC Data Applied at a Continental Scale. Remote Sensing of Environment 69:3, pages 253-263.
Crossref
L.-K. Soh & C. Tsatsoulis. (1999) Texture analysis of SAR sea ice imagery using gray level co-occurrence matrices. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 37:2, pages 780-795.
Crossref
P.A Brivio, J.M Grégoire, B Cros, C Galy-Lacaux & J.P Lacaux. (1999) A rose analysis method relating air chemistry to fire distribution in tropical Africa. Atmospheric Research 50:2, pages 81-104.
Crossref
Elaine M. Prins, Joleen M. Feltz, W. Paul Menzel & Darold E. Ward. (1998) An overview of GOES‐8 diurnal fire and smoke results for SCAR‐B and 1995 fire season in South America. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 103:D24, pages 31821-31835.
Crossref
Sundar A. Christopher, Joyce Chou, Ronald M. Welch, Donna V. Kliche & Vickie S. Connors. (1998) Satellite investigations of fire, smoke, and carbon monoxide during April 1994 MAPS mission: Case studies over tropical Asia. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 103:D15, pages 19327-19336.
Crossref
Hugh Eva & Eric F. Lambin. (1998) Remote Sensing of Biomass Burning in Tropical Regions. Remote Sensing of Environment 64:3, pages 292-315.
Crossref
S.P. Flasse, P. Ceccato, I.D. Downey, M.A. Raimadoya & P. Navarro. (1997) Remote sensing and GIS tools to support vegetation fire management in developing countries. Remote sensing and GIS tools to support vegetation fire management in developing countries.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.