A review on extraction technique and immune-boosting properties of Moringa oleifera Lam

Figures & data

Figure 1. The conventional process of extraction.

Figure 2. Maceration flow sheet.

Figure 3. Summary of UAE.

Figure 4. Demonstrate the Summary of MAE.

Table 1. Optimum extraction conditions for total flavonoids in methanolic UAE extracts from moringa leaves.

Factor	Optimum Extraction Conditions
Percentage of methanol (%)	74.5
Temperature (°C)	1.0
Amplitude (%)	20
Cycle ($S^{-1}$)	.60
pH	8
Ratio (mL-0.2 g)	10

Source Yerena-Prieto et al., 2022

Table 2. A comparison of extraction techniques.

Conventional Techniques	Least efficient but highest antioxidant activities of extract.	^[Citation1,Citation4,Citation32]
Ultrasound assisted extraction	Simple and low-cost, faster and better extraction of polyphenols with minimized breakdown of compounds in relation to other techniques.	^[Citation9,Citation18,Citation19]
Microwave assisted extraction	Operate at environment temperature, preserve antioxidant properties of flavonoids.	^[Citation19,Citation22,Citation33]
Supercritical fluid extraction	High efficiency especially for non-polar analytes, not recommended for quantitative isoflavone extraction.	^[Citation1,Citation28,Citation31]

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Data availability statement

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon request.