Effects of turmeric (Curcuma longa) on shelf life extension and biogenic amine control of cuttlefish (Sepia brevimana) during chilled storage

Figures & data

Figure 1. Changes in the overall acceptability score of turmeric-treated and control samples of S. brevimana during ice storage (average ± SD).

Figura 1. Cambios en la aceptabilidad general en las muestras de S. brevimana controles y tratados con extracto de cúrcuma durante el almacenamiento refrigerado (media ± SD).

Table 1. Total volatile base nitrogen (TVB-N), trimethylamine-nitrogen (TMA-N), and free fatty acid (FFA) values of turmeric-treated and control samples of cuttlefish during 18 days of ice storage.

Tabla 1. Nitrógeno básico volatil total (TVB-N), nitrógeno de trimetilamina (TMA-N) y ácidos grasos libres (FFA) en muestras controles y tratadas con extracto de cúrcuma almacenados en refrigeración durante 18 días.

	TVB-N (mg/100 g muscle)		TMA-N (mg/100 g muscle)		FFA (% oleic acid)
Storage days	C	T	C	T	C	T
0	11.0 ± 0.90^a	11.0 ± 0.90^a	0.76 ± 0.12^a	0.76 ± 0.12^a	0.89 ± 0.08^a	0.96 ± 0.00^a
3	20.30 ± 0.61^a	14.33 ± 0.69^a	3.56 ± 0.12^b	1.76 ± 0.24^b	1.73 ± 0.0^b	1.25 ± 0.02^b
6	23.53 ± 1.14^b	17.43 ± 0.49^b	4.2 ± 0.08^a	2.43 ± 0.12^a	1.94 ± 0.05^a	1.94 ± 0.01^a
9	30.4 ± 2.04^a	19.62 ± 0.71^a	6.53 ± 0.12^b	4.63 ± 0.12^b	2.72 ± 0.04^b	2.3 ± 0.08^b
12	32.13 ± 1.14^b	22.76 ± 1.93^b	10.4 ± 0.43^a	7.93 ± 0.12^a	3.99 ± 0.07^a	3.376 ± 0.11^a
15	36.0 ± 1.15^a	29.16 ± 1.02^a	13.13 ± 0.6^b	11.57 ± 0.74^b	5.14 ± 0.14^b	4.73 ± 0.06^b
18	41.33 ± 1.65^b	33.7 ± 1.02^b	16.26 ± 0.89^a	13.58 ± 0.84^a	5.80 ± 0.14^a	5.3 ± 0.08^a

The values are the average of three samples ± standard deviation. For each parameter (C-control and T-turmeric treated) and each storage day, mean values followed by different letters (^a,b) indicate significant (p < 0.05) differences.

Los valores se representan como media de tres muestras ± desviación estándar. Para cada parámetro (C-control y T-tratado) y cada día de almacenamiento, los valores medios seguidos de letras diferentes (^a,b) muestran diferencias estadísticamente significativas (p < 0,05).

Table 2. Peroxide values (PV) and thiobarbituric acid index (TBA) content of turmeric-treated and control samples of cuttlefish during 18 days of ice storage.

Tabla 2. Índice de peróxidos (PV), y prueba del ácido tiobarbitúrico (TBA) en muestras controles y tratadas con extracto de cúrcuma almacenados en refrigeración durante 18 días.

	PV (meq O2/kg lipids)		TBA (mg MAD/kg muscle)
Storage days	C	T	C	T
0	0.56 ± 0.01^a	0.56 ± 0.01^a	0.44 ± 0.01^a	0.44 ± 0.01^a
3	1.79 ± 0.01^b	1.68 ± 0.01^b	0.87 ± 0.01^b	0.68 ± 0.00^b
6	2.62 ± 0.02^a	2.46 ± 0.16^a	1.65 ± 0.01^a	0.96 ± 0.01^a
9	4.99 ± 0.33^b	3.84 ± 0.04^b	2.17 ± 0.01^b	1.53 ± 0.12^b
12	4.63 ± 0.06^a	4.18 ± 0.05^a	2.83 ± 0.03^a	1.79 ± 0.01^a
15	4.25 ± 0.14^b	3.57 ± 0.09^b	2.46 ± 0.02^b	2.16 ± 0.01^b
18	3.68 ± 0.05^a	2.31 ± 0.18^a	2.43 ± 0.16^a	2.59 ± 0.01^a

The values are the average of three samples ± standard deviation, n = 3. For each parameter (C-control and T-turmeric treated) and each storage day, mean values followed by different letters (^a,b) indicate significant (p < 0.05) differences.

Los valores se representan como media de tres muestras ± desviación estándar. Para cada parámetro (C-control y T-tratado) y cada día de almacenamiento, los valores medios seguidos de letras diferentes (^a,b) muestran diferencias estadísticamente significativas (p < 0,05).

Table 3. Bacterial content (log₁₀ CFU/g) of control and turmeric extract-treated samples of S. brevimana during storage at 4°C for 18 days.

Tabla 3. Recuentos bacterianos (log₁₀ CFU/g) de muestras de S. brevimana controles y tratadas con extracto de cúrcuma almacenados a 4°C durante 18 dias.

Days at 4°C	Controls	Treated
Mesophilic bacteria
0	1.77 ± 0.01	1.88 ± 0.15
3	3.51 ± 0.09^a	2.90 ± 0.08^b
6	4.29 ± 0.13^a	3.46 ± 0.20^b
9	5.84 ± 0.06^a	4.84 ± 0.60^b
12	6.89 ± 0.05^a	5.27 ± 0.11^b
15	7.65 ± 0.16^a	6.67 ± 0.16^b
18	8.19 ± 0.17^a	7.14 ± 0.46^b
Psychrophilic bacteria
0	2.66 ± 0.08	2.58 ± 0.18
3	4.40 ± 0.11^a	3.50 ± 0.05^b
6	5.63 ± 0.14^a	4.78 ± 0.08^b
9	6.21 ± 0.01^a	5.48 ± 0.04^b
12	6.72 ± 0.15	6.74 ± 0.13
15	7.58 ± 0.32	7.17 ± 0.03
18	8.28 ± 0.13	8.18 ± 0.03
Enterobacteriaceae
0	1.45 ± 0.16	1.45 ± 0.16
3	3.06 ± 0.06^a	2.52 ± 0.26^b
6	4.72 ± 0.12^a	3.83 ± 0.06^b
9	5.85 ± 0.18^a	4.50 ± 0.23^b
12	6.79 ± 0.11^a	5.53 ± 0.23^b
15	7.30 ± 0.16^a	6.28 ± 0.13^b
18	8.03 ± 0.13^a	7.06 ± 0.06^b
Amine-forming bacteria
0	1.89 ± 0.17	1.91 ± 0.14
3	3.79 ± 0.30^a	2.40 ± 0.09^b
6	4.59 ± 0.21^a	3.65 ± 0.08^b
9	6.04 ± 0.39^a	4.10 ± 0.09^b
12	6.65 ± 0.19^a	4.52 ± 0.20^b
15	7.19 ± 0.08^a	5.74 ± 0.06^b
18	7.84 ± 0.08^a	5.99 ± 0.41^b
Pseudomonas
0	1.40 ± 0.26	1.49 ± 0.27
3	2.62 ± 0.12^a	1.75 ± 0.17^b
6	3.81 ± 0.05^a	1.85 ± 0.08^b
9	4.72 ± 0.19^a	3.06 ± 0.12^b
12	4.91 ± 0.25^a	3.15 ± 0.03^b
15	5.91 ± 0.15^a	3.66 ± 0.15^b
18	6.35 ± 0.22^a	4.46 ± 0.22^b

The values are the average of three samples ± standard deviation, n = 3. (^a–b) Average values followed by different letters shows significant differences (p < 0.05).

Los valores se representan como media de tres muestras ± desviación estándar. Los valores medios seguidos de letras diferentes (^a,b) muestran diferencias estadísticamente significativas (p < 0,05).

Table 4. Content of biogenic amines (mg/100 g) in control and turmeric extract-treated S. brevimana samples for 18 days in chilled storage at 4°C.

Tabla 4. Contenido en aminas biógenas (mg/100 g) en muestras de S. brevimana controles y tratadas con extracto de cúrcuma almacenados a 4°C durante 18 dias. Los valores se representan como media de tres muestras ± desviación estándar.

Storage days	Group	Tryptamine (mg/100 g)	Putrescine (mg/100 g)	Cadaverine (mg/100 g)	Histamine (mg/100 g)	Tyramine (mg/100 g)	Spermine (mg/100 g)
0	C	0.78 ± 0.00^a	0.12 ± 0.08^a	ND	ND	ND	ND
	TE	0.17 ± 0.08^b	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND
3	C	0.79 ± 0.00^a	0.36 ± 0.00^a	ND	ND	ND	ND
	TE	0.29 ± 0.00^b	0.11 ± 0.00^b	ND	ND	ND	ND
6	C	2.34 ± 0.04^a	4.17 ± 0.04^a	ND^a	ND	ND	ND
	TE	1.23 ± 0.04^b	1.60 ± 0.12^b	ND	ND	ND	ND
9	C	1.80 ± 0.00^a	8.99 ± 0.08^a	6.89 ± 0.00^a	ND	ND	ND
	TE	1.67 ± 0.01^b	4.38 ± 0.01^b	3.56 ± 0.02^a	ND	ND	ND
12	C	9.86 ± 0.09^a	9.33 ± 0.01^a	6.99 ± 0.14^a	1.56 ± 0.07^a	3.37 ± 0.02^a	ND
	TE	1.17 ± 0.04^b	6.97 ± 0.09^b	4.88 ± 0.02^b	ND^b	ND^b	ND
15	C	7.91 ± 0.05^a	10.65 ± 0.25^a	7.29 ± 0.15^a	2.15 ± 0.11^a	6.90 ± 0.16^a	ND
	TE	1.99 ± 0.00^b	5.63 ± 0.06^b	4.41 ± 0.09^b	1.16 ± 0.01^b	1.63 ± 0.10^b	ND
18	C	8.10 ± 0.13^a	16.88 ± 0.1^a	7.20 ± 0.24^a	7.08 ± 0.08^a	6.80 ± 0.08^a	7.63 ± 0.01^a
	TE	2.11 ± 0.16^b	7.63 ± 0.03^b	5.34 ± 0.01^b	2.10 ± 0.08^b	3.76 ± 0.03^b	ND^b

Data were expressed as the average value of three samples ± standard deviation. (^a–b) Average values followed by different letters are statistically significant (p <0.05). C: control; ND: not detected (<0.1 mg/100 g); TE: treated with turmeric extract.

Los valores medios seguidos de letras diferentes (^a,b) muestran diferencias estadísticamente significativas. C: control; ND: no detectado (< 0,1 mg/100 g); TE: tratado con extracto de cúrcuma.