Investigative modes in research on data use in education

Figures & data

Figure 1. The 15-year range of included publications on data use, 2000–2014 (N = 129).

Table

Language	Descriptors	Keywords
English	Data use	AND: superintendents, principals, school leaders, teachers, students, primary and secondary school, primary school, secondary school, middle school, grammar school, comprehensive school, organisational development, professional development, government, local authority, regional authority, municipality, school district, district officials, local officials
	Evidence
German	Daten/Daten Nutzung	AND: schulentwicklung, evaluation
		Swiss: Primarstufe: Primarschule Sekundarstufe I: Realschule, Sekundarschule, Bezirksschule, Oberstufenschule
		German: Primarstufe: Grundschule Sekundarstufe I: Hauptschule, Realschule, Gymnasium, Gesamtschule (sowie neu geschaffene Schulformen: Regionalschule, Erweiterte Realschule, Realschule plus, Oberschule, Regelschule, Sekundarschule, Staddeilschule)
		Austrian: Primarstufe: Volksschule Sekundarbildung Unterstufe: Hauptschule, AHS-Unterstufe, Koopera<ve Midelschule, Neue Midelschule
Norwegian	Bruk av elevresultater, karakterer, prøveresultater, nasjonale prøver, elevdata, skoledata, evidens	AND: skoleleder, rektor, lærer, elev, kommune, fylkeskommune, kommunesektor, lokalt myndighetsnivå, lokale myndigheter, ungdomsskole, grunnopplæring, skoleutvikling, organisasjonsutvikling, profesjonsutvikling, kompetanseheving
Swedish	Användning av läranderesultat, elevresultat, studerande framgång, betyg, provresultat, nationella prov, elevdata, skolresultat, bevis	AND: skolledare, rektor, lärare, elev, kommun, landsting, kommunal sektor, kommunal nivå, lokala myndigheter, skola, grundskola och gymnasium, skolutveckling, professionell utveckling, organisationsutveckling, kompetensutveckling, kompetensheving
Danish	Brug af elevresultater; karakterer, afgangsprøver; nationale test; elevdata, skoledata; evidens	AND: skoleleder, lærer, elev, kommune, kommunale sektor, forvaltning, lokale myndigheder, skole, folkeskole, grundskole, skoleudvikling, organisationsudvikling, professionel udvikling; kompetenceudvikling, pædagogisk udvikling

Table

Tool/method	Purpose of use	Data/results/effects
Schulinspektion	Unterrichtsentwicklung	Nutzung
Schulevaluation	Qualitätsentwicklung	Noten
Lehrerevaluation	Organisationsentwicklung	Schülerergebnisse
Schülerbeurteilung	Schulqualität	Indikatoren
Beurteilung	Massnahmen (Umsetzung)	Schulleistung
Bewertung	Qualitätsmanagement	Wirkung
Assessment	Governance/Steuerung/ Handlungskoordination	Wirksamkeit
Bildungsstandards	Bildungspolitik	Evidenz
Controlling		Befunde
Monitoring

Figure A1. Search and screening process of the studies written in English, German and Scandinavian languages (searches in ERIC and in Fachinformationssystem Bildung, Idunn, Norart, Artikelsök, BibliotekDK, DIVA).

Table

Characteristics
1	Source	A: ERIC
		B: Scandinavian database
		C: German database
		D: handsearch
		E: other
2	Publication type	A: peer-reviewed article
		B: book
		C: PhD thesis
3	Name of publication	Title
4	Title article	Title
5	Year	Year
6	Author(s)	Name(s)
7	First author’s country of origin	Affiliation country
8	Language	1: English
		2: Scandinavian
		2N: Norwegian
		2S: Swedish
		2D: Danish
		3: German
Context of the study
9	School level	A: primary
		B: secondary
		BL (lower)
		BU (upper)
		D: whole system
10	Actor focus	1: student
		2: teacher
		3: school leader
		4: local authority (when more than one, list the relevant actors: 1, 2, 3)
Concepts of the study
11	Research question, aim	Extract of text
Methods and quality
12	Type of study	A: theoretical/analytical
		B: empirical
		C: effect/intervention
13	Method	1: observation
		2: interview
		3: document analysis
		4: survey
		5: review
		6: case/quasi-experiment
		(when more than one, list the relevant methods: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6)
14	Data and selection	Extract of text
15	Results	Extract of text