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Review
Bacterial–viral load and the immune response in stable and exacerbated COPD: significance and therapeutic prospects
Silvestro Ennio D’Anna1 Department of Rehabilitation, Cardiorespiratory Unit, Fondazione Istituto G. Giglio di Cefalù, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
, Bruno Balbi2 Pneumology Unit and Laboratory of Cytoimmunopathology of Heart and Lung, Fondazione Salvatore Maugeri, IRCCS, Veruno (NO) and Cassano delle Murge (BA), University of Palermo, Palermo, ItalyCorrespondence[email protected]
, Francesco Cappello3 Human Anatomy Section, Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neuroscience, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy;4 Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology, Palermo, Italy
, Mauro Carone2 Pneumology Unit and Laboratory of Cytoimmunopathology of Heart and Lung, Fondazione Salvatore Maugeri, IRCCS, Veruno (NO) and Cassano delle Murge (BA), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
& Antonino Di Stefano2 Pneumology Unit and Laboratory of Cytoimmunopathology of Heart and Lung, Fondazione Salvatore Maugeri, IRCCS, Veruno (NO) and Cassano delle Murge (BA), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
Pages 445-453
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Published online: 01 Mar 2016
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