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Leisure Sciences
An Interdisciplinary Journal
Volume 15, 1993 - Issue 1
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Original Articles

Negotiation of leisure constraints

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Pages 1-11 | Published online: 13 Jul 2009

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Shang-Min Ma, Sheng-Fong Chen & Shang-Chun Ma. (2024) Relationships between social capital, leisure constraints, leisure negotiation, and running club participation. Journal of Leisure Research 55:3, pages 398-419.
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Monika Popp, Jürgen Schmude, Marlena Passauer, Marion Karl & Alexander Bauer. (2024) Why Don’t They Travel? The Role of Constraints and Motivation for Non-Participation in Tourism. Leisure Sciences 46:3, pages 211-236.
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Nikola Todorović, Marija Belij Radin, Marina Vesić & Sanja Pavlović. (2024) Beyond symbolic: the role of tourism ethnocentrism in domestic travel. Current Issues in Tourism 27:6, pages 972-987.
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Monir Shahzeidi, Garrett Stone & Bijen Filiz. (2024) The Influence of Leisure on the Quality of Life of Refugees in Turkey. Leisure Studies 43:2, pages 294-310.
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Julie S. Son, Guangzhou Chen, Toni Liechty, Megan C. Janke, Stephanie T. West, Jen D. Wong & Jill J. Naar. (2024) The Role of Facilitators in the Constraint Negotiation of Leisure-Time Physical Activity. Leisure Sciences 46:2, pages 123-142.
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Kurt C. Mayer. (2024) Attendance motivators and constraints: A Division III fall sports inquiry. Journal for the Study of Sports and Athletes in Education 18:1, pages 1-22.
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Güliz Coşkun. (2024) Leisure constraints among Turkish families: a multi-level approach. Leisure/Loisir 48:1, pages 25-48.
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Anthony D. Pizzo, Sangwon Na, Doohan Kim, Kostas Alexandris & Moonsup Hyun. (2023) Esports gender diversity: A leisure constraints perspective. Journal of Leisure Research 54:5, pages 602-623.
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Jennifer P. Agans, Julie Stafford Son, Sammie Powers, Steven Hanna & Elizabeth H. Weybright. (2023) College Students’ Healthy Leisure: Latent Profile Analyses of Constraints and Negotiation Strategies. Leisure Sciences 0:0, pages 1-22.
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Rei Yamashita, Tae-Ahn Kang & Hirotaka Matsuoka. (2023) Gender differences in statistical interaction effects of perceived well-being and structural constraints on the intention to attend a game. Managing Sport and Leisure 28:5, pages 508-521.
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Gary D. Ellis, Patti A. Freeman, Brian J. Hill & Jingxian Jiang. (2023) Category versus labeled magnitude scale measures of immediate conscious leisure experiences: Engagement, immersion, and absorption. Journal of Leisure Research 0:0, pages 1-22.
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Guanghui Qiao, Songshan (Sam) Huang & Oscar Vorobjovas-Pinta. (2023) Seeking tourism in a social context: an examination of Chinese rural migrant workers’ travel motivations and constraints. Leisure Studies 0:0, pages 1-16.
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Amonté L. Martin, Alison E. Adams & Taylor V. Stein. (2023) Equity, identity, and representation in outdoor recreation: ‘I am not an outdoors person’. Leisure Studies 0:0, pages 1-14.
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Grace Ellen Brannon & Molly Wiant Cummins. (2023) ‘Never time to do anything well’: mothers’ reported constraints during a pandemic. Journal of Family Studies 29:4, pages 1546-1565.
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Ceren Aydın & Çağıl Hale Özel. (2023) Factors determining women's participation in leisure activities in Türkiye. World Leisure Journal 65:3, pages 309-326.
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Noopur Saxena, Aanchal Aggarwal, Nupur Arora & Parul Manchanda. (2023) Investigating senior travel behaviour through motivation opportunities ability approach: conspicuous consumption and technology self-efficacy as moderators. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research 28:7, pages 682-700.
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Kyle Smith, Adam C. Landon & David C. Fulton. (2023) A Self-Determination Approach to Understanding Leisure Identity Salience among Lapsed Hunters. Leisure Sciences 0:0, pages 1-26.
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Jason Page, Brent Hawkins, Jasmine Townsend, Stephen Lewis & James Byrne. (2023) Leisure constraints experienced by people in early recovery from substance use disorders. Journal of Substance Use 28:3, pages 315-319.
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Jaclyn R. Rushing, Ashley D’Antonio & Mark D. Needham. (2022) Spatial Patterns of Constraints to Park Visitation among Urban Populations. Leisure Sciences 44:8, pages 1033-1059.
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S. Valentin, L. A. Pham & E. Macrae. (2022) Enablers and barriers in ultra-running: a comparison of male and female ultra-runners. Sport in Society 25:11, pages 2193-2212.
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Popi Sotiriadou, Andrew Thrush & Brad Hill. (2022) An examination of the changes on facilitators and constraints during lifelong participation in surfing. European Sport Management Quarterly 22:6, pages 747-767.
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Alex T. Silver & Steven E. Mock. (2022) Socioeconomic status and leisure preferences: a test of the omnivore hypothesis with Canadian data. Leisure/Loisir 46:4, pages 477-493.
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Eddie Hill, Marni Goldenberg, Xihe Zhu & Edwin Gómez. (2022) Using Means-End of Recreation Scale (MERS) in outdoor recreation settings: Factorial and structural tenability. Journal of Leisure Research 53:3, pages 492-507.
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Sung-Eun Kang, YooHee Hwang, Choong-Ki Lee & Yae-Na Park. (2022) Roles of travel and leisure in quality of life during the COVID-19 pandemic. Leisure Studies 41:3, pages 326-340.
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Kyle Rich, Matthew Nicholson, Erica Randle, Alex Donaldson, Paul O’Halloran, Kiera Staley, Pam Kappelides, Rayoni Nelson & Regina Belski. (2022) Participant-Centered sport development: A case study using the leisure constraints of women in regional communities. Leisure Sciences 44:3, pages 323-342.
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Eileen E. Avery, Michele D. Baumer, Joan M. Hermsen, Braden T. Leap, Jill R. Lucht, J. Sanford Rikoon & Sonja A. Wilhelm Stanis. (2022) Measuring place of residence across urban and rural spaces: An application to fears associated with outdoor recreation. The Social Science Journal 59:2, pages 208-220.
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Xin (Cathy) Jin, Jigang Bao & Chuanzhong Tang. (2022) Profiling and evaluating Chinese consumers regarding post-COVID-19 travel. Current Issues in Tourism 25:5, pages 745-763.
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K. Alexandris, T. Karagiorgos, A. Ntovoli & S. Zourladani. (2022) Using the Theories of Planned Behaviour and Leisure Constraints to study Fitness Club Members’ behaviour after Covid-19 Lockdown. Leisure Studies 41:2, pages 247-262.
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Yifan Xu, Honglei Zhang, Yuan Tian, Xinying Xia, Xue Chen, Yang Yang & Jie Zhang. (2022) When technology meets heritage: a moderated mediation of immersive technology on the constraint-satisfaction relationship. Current Issues in Tourism 25:4, pages 632-649.
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Pearl M.C Lin, Kang-Lin Peng & Wai-Ching Au. (2022) To return or not to return? Identifying VFR travel constraints during the pandemic. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing 39:1, pages 18-30.
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Lan Xue & Jie Gao. (2022) Negotiating air pollution as a travel constraint: an exploratory study. Journal of Sustainable Tourism 30:1, pages 185-198.
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Hung-Ling (Stella) Liu, Erin S. Lavender-Stott, Christin L. Carotta & Aileen S. Garcia. (2022) Leisure experience and participation and its contribution to stress-related growth amid COVID-19 pandemic. Leisure Studies 41:1, pages 70-84.
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Shintaro Kono, Eiji Ito & Angela Loucks-Atkinson. (2022) Are Leisure Constraints Models Reflective or Formative?: Evidence from Confirmatory Tetrad Analyses. Leisure Sciences 44:1, pages 55-76.
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Rei Yamashita & Kirstin Hallmann. (2021) Interdependencies of structural constraints, attachment and behavioural intentions of sport spectators. Managing Sport and Leisure 26:4, pages 287-300.
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C. R. Jenkin, R.M. Eime, J.G.Z. van Uffelen & H. Westerbeek. (2021) How to re-engage older adults in community sport? Reasons for drop-out and re-engagement. Leisure Studies 40:4, pages 441-453.
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Janet K. L. McKeown & Kyle Rich. (2021) Exploring Work-Life Balance for Recreation and Leisure Professionals Enrolled in an Undergraduate Degree Pathway Program. SCHOLE: A Journal of Leisure Studies and Recreation Education 36:1-2, pages 91-104.
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Tia Rogers-Jarrell, Deanna Vervaecke & Brad A. Meisner. (2021) Intergenerational family leisure in the COVID-19 pandemic: some potentials, pitfalls, and paradoxes. World Leisure Journal 63:3, pages 316-329.
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Lee Phillip McGinnis, James W. Gentry & Trenton M. Haltom. (2021) Gender, Millennials, and leisure constraints: exploring golf’s participation decline. Journal of Policy Research in Tourism, Leisure and Events 13:1, pages 59-76.
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Barry A. Garst, Ryan J. Gagnon & Garrett A. Stone. (2020) “The Credit Card or the Taxi”: A Qualitative Investigation of Parent Involvement in Indoor Competition Climbing. Leisure Sciences 42:5-6, pages 589-608.
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Monika Stodolska, Kimberly J. Shinew & Leslie N. Camarillo. (2020) Constraints on Recreation Among People of Color: Toward a New Constraints Model. Leisure Sciences 42:5-6, pages 533-551.
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Lauren Kuykendall, Ze Zhu & Lydia Craig. (2020) How work constrains leisure: New ideas and directions for interdisciplinary research. Journal of Leisure Research 51:5, pages 635-642.
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Kevin Filo, David Fechner & Yuhei Inoue. (2020) Charity sport event participants and fundraising: An examination of constraints and negotiation strategies. Sport Management Review 23:3, pages 387-400.
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Cindy L. Hartman & Mark J. Bonica. (2019) A transdisciplinary, longitudinal investigation of early careerists’ leisure during the school-to-work transition. Journal of Leisure Research 50:5, pages 438-460.
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António Lopes de Almeida & Elisabeth Kastenholz. (2019) Towards a Theoretical Model of Seasonal Tourist Consumption Behaviour. Tourism Planning & Development 16:5, pages 533-555.
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Kate Evans & Ryan J. Gagnon. (2019) A structural model exploring gender differences in perceived constraints to competition climbing. Annals of Leisure Research 22:4, pages 444-462.
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Francisca Mullens & Ignace Glorieux. (2019) No interest, no time! Gendered constraints to museum visits in Flanders. Loisir et Société / Society and Leisure 42:2, pages 244-265.
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J. Tom Mueller, Adam C. Landon & Alan R. Graefe. (2019) Modeling the role of social identity in constraint negotiation for ultra-endurance gravel cycling. Journal of Leisure Research 50:2, pages 81-106.
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SoJung Lee, James A. Busser & Eunkyoung Park. (2019) The influence of self-expansion on pop-star fans’ leisure constraints, commitment, involvement and future intention. Leisure/Loisir 43:1, pages 79-101.
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Shu Cole, Ye Zhang, Wei Wang & Cheng-ming Hu. (2019) The influence of accessibility and motivation on leisure travel participation of people with disabilities. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing 36:1, pages 119-130.
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Brad A. Meisner, Susan L. Hutchinson, Karen A. Gallant, Heidi Lauckner & Christie L. Stilwell. (2019) Taking ‘Steps to Connect’ to later life: Exploring leisure program participation among older adults in rural communities. Loisir et Société / Society and Leisure 42:1, pages 69-90.
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Junhyoung Kim, Young Ik Suh & Jaehyun Kim. (2019) Identifying leisure constraints associated with acculturation among older Korean immigrants. International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being 14:1.
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Katie Rowe, Emma Sherry & Angela Osborne. (2018) Recruiting and retaining girls in table tennis: Participant and club perspectives. Sport Management Review 21:5, pages 504-518.
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Erin Morris, Carena J. van Riper, Gerard T. Kyle, Kenneth E. Wallen & James Absher. (2018) Accounting for Gender in a Study of the Motivation-Involvement Relationship. Leisure Sciences 40:6, pages 494-507.
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Joel R. Agate, Sarah Taylor Agate, Toni Liechty & Lynda J. Cochran. (2018) ‘Roots and wings’: an exploration of intergenerational play. Journal of Intergenerational Relationships 16:4, pages 395-421.
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Sheng-Fong Chen, Shi-Jer Lou & Shang-Ming Ma. (2018) Role of positive emotions in the constraint process: the case of Taiwanese college students. Leisure Studies 37:5, pages 574-588.
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Eugenia Devile & Elisabeth Kastenholz. (2018) Accessible tourism experiences: the voice of people with visual disabilities. Journal of Policy Research in Tourism, Leisure and Events 10:3, pages 265-285.
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Fuyuan Wang, Zhaoming Deng & James F. Petrick. (2018) Exploring the formation mechanisms of urban residents’ travel behaviour in China: perceptions of travel benefits and travel constraints. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing 35:7, pages 909-921.
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Yael Ron & Galit Nimrod. (2018) Digital Negotiation: Online Leisure in Coping with Gender Stereotypes. Leisure Sciences 40:4, pages 251-266.
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Farhad Moghimehfar, Elizabeth A. Halpenny & Gordon J. Walker. (2018) Front-Country Campers' Constraints, Negotiation, and Pro-Environment Behavioral Intention: An Extension to the Theory of Planned Behavior. Leisure Sciences 40:3, pages 174-193.
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Carla Barbosa & Toni Liechty. (2018) Exploring leisure constraints among lesbian women who attend a straight-friendly church. Journal of Leisure Research 49:2, pages 91-108.
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Garrett A. Stone, Ryan J. Gagnon, Barry A. Garst & Harrison P. Pinckney. (2018) Interpreting perceived constraints to ethnic and racial recreation participation using a recreation systems approach. Loisir et Société / Society and Leisure 41:1, pages 154-170.
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Kate Evans & Denise M. Anderson. (2018) ‘It’s never turned me back’: female mountain guides’ constraint negotiation. Annals of Leisure Research 21:1, pages 9-31.
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Bradley MacCosham. (2017) Negotiating leisure constraints: the case of an amateur musician with epilepsy. Leisure Studies 36:6, pages 825-837.
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Seong Ok Lyu & Jinsoo Hwang. (2017) Saving golf courses from business troubles. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing 34:8, pages 1089-1100.
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Kostas Alexandris, James Du, Daniel Funk & Nicholas D. Theodorakis. (2017) Leisure constraints and the psychological continuum model: a study among recreational mountain skiers. Leisure Studies 36:5, pages 670-683.
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Bradley MacCosham & François Gravelle. (2017) A model for achieving short-term and long-term goals in a leisure career. Loisir et Société / Society and Leisure 40:3, pages 388-400.
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Claudio M. Rocha & Fernando A. Fleury. (2017) Attendance of Brazilian soccer games: the role of constraints and team identification. European Sport Management Quarterly 17:4, pages 485-505.
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Jin Young Chung, Hye-Jin Baik & Choong-Ki Lee. (2017) The role of perceived behavioural control in the constraint-negotiation process: the case of solo travel. Leisure Studies 36:4, pages 481-492.
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Bronwen L. Valtchanov & Diana C. Parry. (2017) “I Like My Peeps”: Diversifying the Net Generation's Digital Leisure. Leisure Sciences 39:4, pages 336-354.
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Evan Webb & George Karlis. (2017) Theoretical developments in leisure studies: A look at perceived freedom and intrinsic motivation. Loisir et Société / Society and Leisure 40:2, pages 268-283.
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James Smith & Stephanie Smith. (2017) The Constraint-Effects-Mitigation Involvement Loyalty Model: An Integrative Review. Leisure Sciences 39:3, pages 244-260.
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Stian Stensland, Øystein Aas & Mehmet Mehmetoglu. (2017) Understanding Constraints and Facilitators to Salmon Angling Participation: Insights from Structural Equation Modeling. Human Dimensions of Wildlife 22:1, pages 1-17.
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Simon Darcy, Daniel Lock & Tracy Taylor. (2017) Enabling Inclusive Sport Participation: Effects of Disability and Support Needs on Constraints to Sport Participation. Leisure Sciences 39:1, pages 20-41.
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Seong Ok Lyu & Hoon Lee. (2016) Latent Demand for Recreation Participation and Leisure Constraints Negotiation Process. Journal of Leisure Research 48:5, pages 431-449.
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Suresh K. Shrestha & Robert C. Burns. (2016) Integrating Constraints to the Theory of Planned Behavior in Predicting Deer Hunting Participation. Human Dimensions of Wildlife 21:5, pages 445-459.
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Kam Hung, Xue Bai & Jiaying Lu. (2016) Understanding Travel Constraints Among the Elderly in Hong Kong: A Comparative Study of the Elderly Living in Private and in Public Housing. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing 33:7, pages 1051-1070.
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Ineke Deelen, Dick Ettema & Martin Dijst. (2016) Too busy or too far away? The importance of subjective constraints and spatial factors for sports frequency. Managing Sport and Leisure 21:4, pages 239-264.
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Matthew Lamont, Millicent Kennelly & Brent D. Moyle. (2015) Toward Conceptual Advancement of Costs and Perseverance within the Serious Leisure Perspective. Journal of Leisure Research 47:5, pages 647-654.
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Young-Sook Lee & Hee-Jung Lee. (2015) Time Constraints Scale in Overseas Tours: A Case from South Korea. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research 20:10, pages 1111-1131.
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Karen J. Williams & Duncan W. Murray. (2015) Negotiating the normative: the other normal for mothers of disabled children. Journal of Family Studies 21:3, pages 324-340.
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Stephen G. Sutton & Chi-Ok Oh. (2015) How Do Recreationists Make Activity Substitution Decisions? A Case of Recreational Fishing. Leisure Sciences 37:4, pages 332-353.
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Bob McKercher & Feier Chen. (2015) Travel as a Life Priority?. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research 20:7, pages 715-729.
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Gerard Kyle & Jinhee Jun. (2015) An Alternate Conceptualization of the Leisure Constraints Measurement Model. Journal of Leisure Research 47:3, pages 337-357.
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Christine E. Wegner, Lynn L. Ridinger, Jeremy S. Jordan & Daniel C. Funk. (2015) Get Serious. Journal of Leisure Research 47:3, pages 305-321.
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Hengyun Li, Ziqiong Zhang & Carey Goh. (2015) Analyzing Non-Participation in Domestic Tourism: a Combined Framework. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing 32:4, pages 454-473.
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Laura Wood & Karen Danylchuk. (2015) The impact of constraints and negotiation strategies on involvement in intramural sport. Managing Sport and Leisure 20:3, pages 157-173.
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Tian Guo & Ingrid Schneider. (2015) Measurement Properties and Cross-Cultural Equivalence of Negotiation with Outdoor Recreation Constraints. Journal of Leisure Research 47:1, pages 125-153.
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Basagaitz Guereño-Omil, Kevin Hannam & Aurkene Alzua-Sorzabal. (2014) Cross-border leisure mobility styles in the Basque Eurocity. Leisure Studies 33:6, pages 547-564.
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Monika Stodolska, Iryna Sharaievska, Scott Tainsky & Allison Ryan. (2014) Minority Youth Participation in an Organized Sport Program. Journal of Leisure Research 46:5, pages 612-634.
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Seong Ok Lyu & Chi-Ok Oh. (2014) Recreationists’ Constraints Negotiation Process for Continual Leisure Engagement. Leisure Sciences 36:5, pages 479-497.
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Bülent Gürbüz & Karla A. Henderson. (2014) Leisure activity preferences and constraints: perspectives from Turkey. World Leisure Journal 56:4, pages 300-316.
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Wee-Kheng Tan & Chia-Yu Kuo. (2014) The effect of aesthetic-image value of travel expert blogs on the intention to travel: an exploratory study. Current Issues in Tourism 17:8, pages 657-665.
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Wee-Kheng Tan & Chia-Yu Kuo. (2014) Prioritization of Facilitation Strategies of Park and Recreation Agencies Through DEMATEL Analysis. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research 19:8, pages 859-875.
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Matthew Lamont, Millicent Kennelly & Brent Moyle. (2014) Costs and Perseverance in Serious Leisure Careers. Leisure Sciences 36:2, pages 144-160.
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Melissa Anderson, Nicola Bolton, Bill Davies & Scott Fleming. (2014) Local implementation of national policy: a case-study critique of the Free Swimming Initiative for the 60 plus population. Managing Leisure 19:2, pages 151-165.
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Soyoung Boo, Cynthia P. Carruthers & James A. Busser. (2014) The Constraints Experienced and Negotiation Strategies Attempted by Nonparticipants of a Festival Event. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing 31:2, pages 269-285.
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Popi Sotiriadou & Pamela Wicker. (2014) Examining the participation patterns of an ageing population with disabilities in Australia. Sport Management Review 17:1, pages 35-48.
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Kristin Ystmark Bjerkan, Marianne Elvsaas Nordtømme & An-Magritt Kummeneje. (2013) Transportation to employment. Scandinavian Journal of Disability Research 15:4, pages 342-360.
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Eric Hungenberg, James Gould & Sean Daly. (2013) An examination of social psychological factors predicting skiers’ skill, participation frequency, and spending behaviors. Journal of Sport & Tourism 18:4, pages 313-336.
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Pak Kwong Chung, Jing Dong Liu & Wing Ping Chen. (2013) Perceived constraints on recreational sport participation: evidence from Chinese university students in Hong Kong. World Leisure Journal 55:4, pages 347-359.
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MarjoleinE. Kloek, Karin Peters & Mette Sijtsma. (2013) How Muslim Women in The Netherlands Negotiate Discrimination During Leisure Activities. Leisure Sciences 35:5, pages 405-421.
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Millicent Kennelly, Brent Moyle & Matthew Lamont. (2013) Constraint Negotiation in Serious Leisure. Journal of Leisure Research 45:4, pages 466-484.
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Choong-Ki Lee, Soo K. Kang & Yong-Ki Lee. (2013) Segmentation of Mega Event Motivation: The Case of Expo 2010 Shanghai China. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research 18:6, pages 637-660.
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Steven E. Mock, A. Wade Wilson, Bryan Smale & Margo Hilbrecht. (2013) The association of physically active leisure with well-being among diverse racial groups. Leisure/Loisir 37:3, pages 287-301.
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Emeka Anaza & Jacqueline McDowell. (2013) An Investigation of Constraints Restricting Urban Nigerian Women from Participating in Recreational Sport Activities. Journal of Leisure Research 45:3, pages 324-344.
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Kostas Alexandris, Charilaos Kouthouris, Daniel Funk & Olga Tziouma. (2013) The use of negotiation strategies among recreational participants with different involvement levels: the case of recreational swimmers. Leisure Studies 32:3, pages 299-317.
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Youn Kyoung Kim & Sung Seek Moon. (2013) Multiple Predictors of Korean Elderly Men's Leisure Participation. Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment 23:4, pages 485-499.
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Seong Ok Lyu, Chi-Ok Oh & Hoon Lee. (2013) The Influence of Extraversion on Leisure Constraints Negotiation Process. Journal of Leisure Research 45:2, pages 233-252.
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Po-Ju Chen, Nan Hua & Youcheng Wang. (2013) Mediating Perceived Travel Constraints: The Role of Destination Image. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing 30:3, pages 201-221.
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RyleeA. Dionigi, Jessica Fraser-Thomas & Jane Logan. (2012) The nature of family influences on sport participation in Masters athletes. Annals of Leisure Research 15:4, pages 366-388.
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ChristopherL. Kowalski, Oksana Grybovych, Samuel Lankford & Larry Neal. (2012) Examining constraints to leisure and recreation for residents in remote and isolated communities: an analysis of 14 communities in the Northwest Territories of Canada. World Leisure Journal 54:4, pages 322-336.
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Rob Hales & Darryl Low Choy. (2012) ‘Swings and roundabouts’: a case study of trends in outdoor recreation participation in South East Queensland. Annals of Leisure Research 15:2, pages 115-131.
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Daniel C. Funk, Anthony Beaton & Kostas Alexandris. (2012) Sport consumer motivation: Autonomy and control orientations that regulate fan behaviours. Sport Management Review 15:3, pages 355-367.
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Lynn L. Ridinger, Daniel C. Funk, Jeremy S. Jordan & Kyriaki (Kiki) Kaplanidou. (2012) Marathons for the Masses: Exploring the Role of Negotiation-Efficacy and Involvement on Running Commitment. Journal of Leisure Research 44:2, pages 155-178.
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Susan A. Schroeder, David C. Fulton, Jeffrey S. Lawrence & Steven D. Cordts. (2012) An Application and Extension of the Constraints–Effects–Mitigation Model to Minnesota Waterfowl Hunting. Human Dimensions of Wildlife 17:3, pages 174-192.
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Laura Sophia Fendt & Erica Wilson. (2012) ‘I just push through the barriers because I live for surfing’: how women negotiate their constraints to surf tourism. Annals of Leisure Research 15:1, pages 4-18.
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Kam Hung & James F. Petrick. (2012) Comparing Constraints to Cruising Between Cruisers and Non-Cruisers: A Test of the Constraint-Effects-Mitigation Model. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing 29:3, pages 242-262.
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Julie Ernst. (2012) Influences on and Obstacles to K-12 Administrators’ Support for Environment-Based Education. The Journal of Environmental Education 43:2, pages 73-92.
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Byunggook Kim, Jinmoo Heo, Sanghee Chun & Youngkhill Lee. (2011) Construction and initial validation of the leisure facilitator scale. Leisure/Loisir 35:4, pages 391-405.
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Ciná van Zyl. (2011) A model for positioning arts festivals in South Africa. South African Theatre Journal 25:3, pages 181-196.
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Kay Dimmock & Erica Wilson. (2011) “Take a deep breath”: how recreational scuba divers negotiate in-water constraints. Leisure/Loisir 35:3, pages 283-297.
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HannahR. Irving & AudreyR. Giles. (2011) Examining the child’s impacts on single mothers’ leisure. Leisure Studies 30:3, pages 365-373.
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Jinhee Jun & GerardT. Kyle. (2011) Understanding the Role of Identity in the Constraint Negotiation Process. Leisure Sciences 33:4, pages 309-331.
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Daniel C. Funk, Anthony Beaton & Mark Pritchard. (2011) The Stage-Based Development of Physically Active Leisure: A Recreational Golf Context. Journal of Leisure Research 43:2, pages 268-289.
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Jinhee Jun & Gerard T. Kyle. (2011) The Effect of Identity Conflict/Facilitation on the Experience of Constraints to Leisure and Constraint Negotiation. Journal of Leisure Research 43:2, pages 176-204.
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Kostas Alexandris, Daniel C. Funk & Mark Pritchard. (2011) The Impact of Constraints on Motivation, Activity Attachment, and Skier Intentions to Continue. Journal of Leisure Research 43:1, pages 56-79.
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JonathanM. Casper, JasonN. Bocarro, MichaelA. Kanters & MyronF. Floyd. (2011) Measurement Properties of Constraints to Sport Participation: A Psychometric Examination with Adolescents. Leisure Sciences 33:2, pages 127-146.
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David Scott & Andrew J. Mowen. (2010) Alleviating Park Visitation Constraints through Agency Facilitation Strategies. Journal of Leisure Research 42:4, pages 535-550.
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Hun-il Kim & Laurence Chalip. (2010) Capitalizing on a Sport's Association with an International Destination: The Illustrative Example of Tae Kwon Do. Journal of Sport & Tourism 15:4, pages 307-335.
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Lori-Ann Palen, MeganE. Patrick, SarahL. Gleeson, LindaL. Caldwell, EdwardA. Smith, Lisa Wegner & AlanJ. Flisher. (2010) Leisure Constraints for Adolescents in Cape Town, South Africa: A Qualitative Study. Leisure Sciences 32:5, pages 434-452.
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CathyH. C. Hsu & SooK. Kang. (2009) CHINESE URBAN MATURE TRAVELERS' MOTIVATION AND CONSTRAINTS BY DECISION AUTONOMY . Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing 26:7, pages 703-721.
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Farah R. Palmer & Sarah I. Leberman. (2009) Elite athletes as mothers: Managing multiple identities. Sport Management Review 12:4, pages 241-254.
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Eva Hiu-Lun Tsai & DenisJ. Coleman. (2009) The Influence of Constraints and Self-Efficacies on Participation in Regular Active Recreation. Leisure Sciences 31:4, pages 364-383.
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Canan Koca, Karla A. Henderson, F. Hulya Asci & Nefise Bulgu. (2009) Constraints to Leisure-Time Physical Activity and Negotiation Strategies in Turkish Women. Journal of Leisure Research 41:2, pages 225-251.
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Anthony A. Beaton, Daniel C. Funk & Kostas Alexandris. (2009) Operationalizing a Theory of Participation in Physically Active Leisure. Journal of Leisure Research 41:2, pages 175-203.
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Soojin Lee & David Scott. (2009) The Process of Celebrity Fan's Constraint Negotiation. Journal of Leisure Research 41:2, pages 137-156.
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SonjaA. Wilhelm Stanis, IngridE. Schneider & KeithC. Russell. (2009) Leisure Time Physical Activity of Park Visitors: Retesting Constraint Models in Adoption and Maintenance Stages. Leisure Sciences 31:3, pages 287-304.
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